Honokiol Cancer Research Results

HNK, Honokiol: Click to Expand ⟱
Features:
Honokiol is a Lignan isolated from bark, seed cones and leaves of trees of Magnolia species. Honokiol was traditionally used for anxiety and stroke treatment, as well as the alleviation of flu symptoms.
-considered to have antioxidant properties
-low oral bioavailability and difficulty in intravenous administration
-the development of various formulations of honokiol, including microemulsion, liposomes, nanoparticles and micelle copolymers have successfully solved the problem of low water solubility.

Pathways:
-Inhibit NF-κB activation
-Downregulate STAT3 signalin
-Inhibiting the PI3K/Akt pathway,
-Inhibition of mTOR
-Influences various MAPK cascades—including ERK, JNK, and p38
-Inhibition of EGFR
-Inhibiting Notch pathway (CSCs)
-GPx4 inhibit
-Can induce ER stress in cancer cells, which contributes to the activation of unfolded protein response (UPR) pathways
-Disrupt the mitochondrial membrane potential in cancer cells.
-Reported to increase ROS production in cancer cells
-Can exhibit antioxidant properties in normal cells. - has some inhibitor activity but Not classified as HDAC inhibitor as weaker and may work more indirectly.
- is well-known in the research community for its role in activating SIRT3

-Note half-life 40–60 minutes
BioAv
Pathways:
- induce ROS production in cancer cells, and typically lowers ROS in normal cells
- ROS↑ related: MMP↓(ΔΨm), ER Stress↑, GRP78↑, Ca+2↑, Cyt‑c↑, Caspases↑, DNA damage↑, cl-PARP↑, HSP↓ Prx
- Raises antiOx↑">AntiOxidant defense in Normal Cells: ROS↓">ROS↓, NRF2↑">NRF2↑, SOD↑">SOD↑, GSH↑">GSH↑, Catalase↑">Catalase↑,
- lowers Inflam">Inflammation : NF-kB↓">NF-kB↓, COX2↓, Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines : IL1β↓">IL-1β↓, TNF-α↓">TNF-α↓, IL-6↓,
- inhibit Growth/Metastases : TumMeta↓, TumCG↓, EMT↓, MMPs↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, VEGF↓, ROCK1↓, RhoA↓, NF-κB↓, CXCR4↓, ERK↓
- reactivate genes thereby inhibiting cancer cell growth : HDAC↓, EZH2↓, P53↑, HSP↓,
- cause Cell cycle arrest : TumCCA↑, cyclin D1↓, cyclin E↓, CDK2↓, CDK4↓, CDK6↓,
- inhibits Migration/Invasion : TumCMig↓, TumCI↓, ERK↓, EMT↓,
- inhibits glycolysis and ATP↓">ATP depletion : HIF-1α↓, cMyc↓, GLUT1↓, LDH↓, LDHA↓, HK2↓, PDKs↓, ECAR↓, OXPHOS↓, GRP78↑, GlucoseCon↓
- inhibits angiogenesis↓ : VEGF↓, HIF-1α↓, Notch↓, EGFR↓,
- inhibits Cancer Stem Cells : CSC↓, CD133↓, β-catenin↓, sox2↓, nestin↓, OCT4↓,
- Others: PI3K↓, AKT↓, JAK↓, STAT↓, Wnt↓, β-catenin↓, AMPK, ERK↓, JNK, TrxR**, - Shown to modulate the nuclear translocation of SREBP-2 (related to cholesterol).
- Synergies: chemo-sensitization, chemoProtective, RadioSensitizer, RadioProtective, Others(review target notes), Neuroprotective, Cognitive, Renoprotection, Hepatoprotective, CardioProtective,

- Selectivity: Cancer Cells vs Normal Cells

Honokiol — a small, lipophilic biphenolic neolignan isolated principally from the bark, seed cones, and leaves of Magnolia species, especially Magnolia officinalis. It is a natural-product small molecule rather than a standardized Magnolia extract; the standard abbreviation is HNK. Honokiol crosses biological membranes readily and has documented CNS penetration, but its pharmaceutical development is constrained by extremely poor aqueous solubility, rapid metabolism, and low/variable oral systemic exposure. Cancer research is dominated by cell and animal studies, although an oral Phase I window-of-opportunity study in patients with resectable early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer is now enrolling.

Primary mechanisms (ranked):

  1. Mitochondrial targeting and respiratory Complex I inhibition, producing mitochondrial dysfunction, loss of membrane potential, energetic stress, and intrinsic apoptosis in susceptible cancer cells.
  2. Suppression of oncogenic survival signaling, particularly STAT3 and PI3K/AKT/mTOR, with additional inhibition of EGFR and context-dependent MAPK signaling.
  3. Induction of mitochondrial ROS and oxidative stress in cancer cells as a major stress-amplifying mechanism; in nonmalignant tissues honokiol can instead activate antioxidant and mitochondrial-protective programs including SIRT3 and NRF2.
  4. Suppression of NF-κB-dependent inflammatory and prosurvival transcription, contributing to apoptosis, reduced inflammatory signaling, and treatment sensitization.
  5. Suppression of EMT, migration, invasion, cancer-stem-cell phenotypes, and angiogenic signaling through STAT3, Wnt/β-catenin, EGFR, HIF-1α, VEGF, Snail/Slug, MMPs, and related networks.
  6. Metabolic inhibition, including suppression of HIF-1α-driven glycolysis, GLUT1, HK2, LDHA and PDK signaling, with reduced glycolytic flux and ATP availability in several tumor models.
  7. Induction of ER stress, autophagy, cell-cycle arrest and, in selected tumor contexts, ferroptosis; these effects appear downstream or context-dependent rather than universal initiating mechanisms.
  8. Chemosensitization, radiosensitization and immune-modulatory effects have been demonstrated preclinically, including enhancement of selected targeted therapies and PD-1/PD-L1-directed approaches.

Bioavailability / PK relevance: Native honokiol is highly lipophilic and poorly water-soluble, limiting conventional oral and intravenous delivery. It undergoes extensive metabolic clearance, including conjugation, and systemic exposure after ordinary oral formulations may be substantially lower than concentrations commonly used experimentally. Liposomes, nanoemulsions, micelles, nanoparticles and other delivery systems can substantially improve solubility and exposure. A validated pharmacokinetic study of injectable liposomal honokiol has been reported, but clinically established human anticancer PK targets have not yet been defined.

In-vitro vs systemic exposure relevance: Many anticancer studies use approximately 10–60 µM honokiol, with some models requiring still higher concentrations. These concentrations should not automatically be considered achievable following conventional oral supplementation because oral bioavailability is limited and human tumor exposure has not been established. The current Phase I lung-cancer study is therefore important for defining human tolerability, systemic exposure and pharmacodynamic effects rather than demonstrating established therapeutic efficacy.

Clinical evidence status: Predominantly preclinical. Extensive in-vitro and animal anticancer evidence exists across multiple tumor types. Human anticancer efficacy has not been established. A Phase I oral honokiol study in approximately 15 patients with early-stage resectable NSCLC is currently listed by Houston Methodist as enrolling; treatment is given before surgery primarily to determine safety and maximum tolerated dose. Honokiol is not an FDA-approved anticancer drug.

Safety / translation: Preclinical toxicology has generally suggested a comparatively broad therapeutic window, but concentrated honokiol should not be assumed equivalent to historical consumption of Magnolia bark preparations. Potential pharmacokinetic interactions, formulation-dependent exposure, and insufficient controlled human safety data remain major translational limitations. FDA records identify Magnolia cortex extract containing honokiol as having been submitted through the New Dietary Ingredient notification process, but this does not constitute approval of honokiol for cancer treatment.

Honokiol Cancer-Relevant Mechanisms

Rank Pathway / Axis Cancer Cells Normal Cells TSF Primary Effect Notes / Interpretation
1 Mitochondrial Complex I and intrinsic apoptosis ↓ Complex I; ↓ ΔΨm; ↓ respiration; ↑ cytochrome-c; ↑ caspases ↔ or mitochondrial protection (context-dependent) P/R Mitochondria-directed cytotoxicity A particularly strong mechanistic feature of honokiol; mitochondrial accumulation and respiratory inhibition can precede downstream apoptotic signaling.
2 STAT3 survival and stemness signaling ↓ STAT3; ↓ p-STAT3; ↓ mitochondrial STAT3 ↔ (context-dependent) R/G Loss of survival, proliferation and stemness signaling Relevant across several cancer models and linked to reduced CSC phenotype, EMT and resistance.
3 PI3K AKT mTOR signaling ↓ PI3K; ↓ AKT; ↓ mTOR ↔ or adaptive modulation R/G Growth and anabolic suppression Frequently observed and contributes to apoptosis, metabolic stress and treatment sensitization.
4 Mitochondrial ROS increase ↑ ROS; ↑ mt-ROS (secondary) ↓ ROS or ↔ (context-dependent) P/R Oxidative stress amplification Cancer-cell ROS elevation often accompanies mitochondrial respiratory disruption. Honokiol can instead act antioxidatively in nonmalignant tissues.
5 NF-κB inflammatory and survival signaling ↓ NF-κB; ↓ COX-2; ↓ inflammatory survival signaling ↓ pathological inflammatory signaling R/G Reduced inflammatory and prosurvival transcription Provides both anticancer and tissue-protective effects depending on cellular context.
6 EMT invasion and metastasis ↓ EMT; ↓ Snail; ↓ Slug; ↓ MMP2; ↓ MMP9; ↑ E-cadherin ↔ G Reduced migration, invasion and metastasis Supported across breast, lung, renal, pancreatic and other tumor models.
7 Cancer stem cell signaling ↓ CSCs; ↓ CD133; ↓ SOX2; ↓ OCT4; ↓ Nestin; ↓ Wnt/β-catenin ↔ G Reduced tumor-initiating and resistant cell phenotype Closely overlaps STAT3, EGFR, Notch and Wnt pathway inhibition.
8 HIF-1α glycolytic metabolism ↓ HIF-1α; ↓ GLUT1; ↓ HK2; ↓ LDHA; ↓ PDK1; ↓ ECAR; ↓ glycolysis ↔ (context-dependent) G Reduced glycolytic flux and ATP production Especially relevant in glycolysis-dependent and hypoxic tumors.
9 EGFR and receptor tyrosine kinase signaling ↓ EGFR; ↓ downstream AKT and ERK ↔ R/G Growth-factor signal suppression Honokiol can also impair EGFR stability through HDAC6/HSP90-associated mechanisms.
10 Angiogenesis and hypoxia response ↓ VEGF; ↓ HIF-1α; ↓ angiogenesis ↔ G Reduced tumor vascular support Largely downstream of HIF-1α, NF-κB and growth-factor suppression.
11 ER stress and calcium signaling ↑ ER stress; ↑ GRP78; ↑ CHOP; ↑ Ca²⁺ (model-dependent) ↔ or protective stress response R/G Proteotoxic stress and apoptosis Prominent in selected osteosarcoma and other experimental models rather than universal across cancers.
12 Cell cycle regulation ↑ G0/G1 or G2/M arrest; ↓ cyclin D1; ↓ CDK2; ↓ CDK4; ↓ CDK6 ↔ G Cytostatic growth suppression Checkpoint phenotype depends on tumor type and upstream signaling context.
13 Ferroptosis and lipid peroxidation ↑ ferroptosis; ↑ lipid peroxidation; GPX4 modulation (model-dependent) ↔ G Alternative regulated cell death GPX4 direction is not uniform across studies; HMOX1-associated and GPX4-associated ferroptosis have both been reported.
14 NRF2 antioxidant response ↔ or ↑ (model-dependent) ↑ NRF2; ↑ antioxidant defenses R/G Secondary tissue-protective redox response NRF2 activation is more compelling as a normal-cell or neuroprotective mechanism than as a core anticancer mechanism.
15 SIRT3 mitochondrial protection ↑ SIRT3 (context-dependent) ↑ SIRT3; ↑ mitochondrial resilience; ↓ oxidative injury R/G Context-dependent mitochondrial regulation Important for cardioprotective and neuroprotective effects; its cancer role can vary with tumor context because SIRT3 itself has context-dependent tumor biology.
16 Chemosensitization and targeted-therapy sensitization ↑ treatment sensitivity (drug-dependent) ↔ or tissue protection G Combination-treatment enhancement Preclinical evidence includes chemotherapy, cetuximab, mTOR inhibitors and immune-checkpoint strategies.
17 Radiosensitization ↑ radiosensitivity (model-dependent) ↔ or radioprotection (context-dependent) G Greater radiation response This apparent duality emphasizes cell type, dose, redox state and treatment timing.
18 Clinical Translation Constraint ↓ achievable exposure with conventional formulations Systemic safety incompletely characterized in humans G Bioavailability and evidence limitation Poor aqueous solubility, extensive metabolism, uncertain human tumor exposure and lack of efficacy trials remain central constraints; Phase I investigation is underway.

P: 0–30 min     R: 30 min–3 hr     G: >3 hr



Honokiol and Alzheimer’s disease: Honokiol has meaningful but entirely preclinical relevance to Alzheimer’s disease and related neurodegeneration. Its lipophilicity permits CNS penetration, and experimental studies indicate reductions in oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, excitotoxicity and Aβ-associated toxicity together with preservation of mitochondrial function. SIRT3, NRF2, PPAR/PGC-1α signaling and restoration of microglial metabolic competence are among the more plausible mechanistic axes. No convincing clinical evidence currently establishes honokiol as an AD treatment.

Evidence level: Preclinical only. Cell and animal studies support neuroprotective and cognition-related effects, but human AD efficacy, dose-response relationships and long-term neurological safety have not been demonstrated.

Honokiol Alzheimer’s-Relevant Mechanisms

Rank Pathway / Axis Modulation Primary Effect Notes / Interpretation
1 Mitochondrial function and SIRT3 ↑ SIRT3; ↑ mitochondrial function; ↑ ΔΨm Mitochondrial resilience One of the strongest mechanistic links between honokiol and neuronal protection.
2 Oxidative stress and NRF2 ↓ ROS; ↑ NRF2; ↑ antioxidant defenses Reduced oxidative injury Direction differs from the pro-oxidant stress frequently induced by honokiol in cancer cells.
3 Microglial metabolism and phagocytosis ↑ PPARα; ↑ PGC-1α; ↑ OXPHOS; ↑ phagocytosis Improved microglial metabolic function Experimental evidence suggests reversal of dysfunctional metabolic programming can restore microglial clearance capacity.
4 Amyloid beta toxicity ↓ Aβ-associated toxicity Neuroprotection Supported primarily by experimental models; evidence for modifying human amyloid pathology is absent.
5 Neuroinflammation ↓ NF-κB; ↓ TNF-α; ↓ IL-1β Reduced inflammatory injury Likely overlaps the general anti-inflammatory pharmacology of honokiol.
6 Excitotoxic calcium signaling ↓ pathological Ca²⁺ signaling Reduced excitotoxic neuronal injury Reported neuroprotective actions include modulation of glutamatergic signaling and intracellular calcium overload.
7 Clinical Translation Constraint No demonstrated human AD efficacy Preclinical evidence only BBB penetration is pharmacologically favorable but does not establish an effective or safe human CNS dose.


Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
2896- HNK,    Honokiol inhibits hypoxia-inducible factor-1 pathway
- in-vivo, Colon, CT26
Hif1a↓, RadioS↑,
4240- HNK,    Honokiol Exerts Antidepressant Effects in Rats Exposed to Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress by Regulating Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor Level and Hypothalamus–Pituitary–Adrenal Axis Activity
- in-vivo, NA, NA
*BDNF↑,
4239- HNK,    Honokiol reverses depressive-like behavior and decrease in brain BDNF levels induced by chronic corticosterone injections in mice
- in-vivo, NA, NA
*Mood↑, *BDNF↑,
4238- HNK,    Neuropharmacological potential of honokiol and its derivatives from Chinese herb Magnolia species: understandings from therapeutic viewpoint
- Review, AD, NA - NA, Park, NA
*BDNF↑, *hepatoP↑, *ALAT↓, *AST↓, *TNF-α↓, *SIRT3↑, *Aβ↓, *Apoptosis↓, *ROS↓, *MMP↑, *Ca+2↓, *Casp3↓, *Ach↑, *PPARγ↑, *PGC-1α↑, *motorD↑, *TNF-α↓, *IL1β↓,
2902- HNK,  Rad,    Honokiol Mitigates Ionizing Radiation-Induced Injury by Maintaining the Redox Balance of the TrxR/Trx System
- in-vitro, Nor, BEAS-2B
*TrxR1↑, *Trx↑, *radioP↑, *ROS↓,
2901- HNK,  doxoR,    Honokiol protects against doxorubicin cardiotoxicity via improving mitochondrial function in mouse hearts
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*mitResp↑, *PPARγ↑, *Inflam↓, *ROS↓, *cardioP↑, *SOD2↑, *LDH↓,
2900- HNK,    The Role and Therapeutic Perspectives of Sirtuin 3 in Cancer Metabolism Reprogramming, Metastasis, and Chemoresistance
- Review, Var, NA
SIRT3↑, Hif1a↓, ChemoSen↑, chemoP↑,
2899- HNK,    SIRT3 activator honokiol ameliorates surgery/anesthesia-induced cognitive decline in mice through anti-oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory in hippocampus
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*memory↑, *Inflam↓, *ROS↓, neuroP↑, SIRT3↑, ac‑SOD2↓,
2898- HNK,    Honokiol Suppression of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2)-Positive Gastric Cancer Cell Biological Activity and Its Mechanism
- in-vitro, GC, AGS - in-vitro, GC, NCI-N87 - in-vitro, BC, MGC803 - in-vitro, GC, SGC-7901
TumCP↓, Apoptosis↑, TumCI↓, TumCMig↓, HER2/EBBR2↓, TumCCA↑, PI3K↓, Akt↓, MMP9↓, P21↑,
2897- HNK,    Honokiol Inhibits Proliferation, Invasion and Induces Apoptosis Through Targeting Lyn Kinase in Human Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells
- in-vitro, Lung, PC9 - in-vitro, Lung, A549
TumCP↓, Apoptosis↑, EGFR↓, PI3K↓, Akt↓, STAT3↓, TumCI↓, TNF-α↑, NF-kB↓, VEGF↓, MMP9↓, COX2/PTGS2↓,
4241- HNK,    Effects of Honokiol on Neurological Injury and Cognitive Function in Mice with Intracerebral Hemorrhage by Regulating BDNF-TrkB-CREB Signaling Pathway
- in-vivo, Stroke, NA
*Apoptosis↓, *cognitive↑, *BDNF↑, *TrkB↑, *CREB↑,
2895- HNK,    Mitochondria-Targeted Honokiol Confers a Striking Inhibitory Effect on Lung Cancer via Inhibiting Complex I Activity
- in-vitro, Lung, PC9
eff↑, TumCP↓, mt-ROS↑, Prx3↑, mt-STAT3↓, *toxicity∅, selectivity↑, ChemoSen↑,
2894- HNK,    Pharmacological features, health benefits and clinical implications of honokiol
- Review, Var, NA - Review, AD, NA
*BioAv↓, *neuroP↑, *BBB↑, *ROS↓, *Keap1↑, *NRF2↑, *Casp3↓, *SIRT3↑, *Rho↓, *ERK↓, *NF-kB↓, angioG↓, RAS↓, PI3K↓, Akt↓, mTOR↓, *memory↑, *Aβ↓, *PPARγ↑, *PGC-1α↑, NF-kB↓, Hif1a↓, VEGF↓, HO-1↓, FOXM1↓, p27/CDKN1B↑, P21↑, CDK2↓, CDK4↓, CDK6↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, Twist↓, MMP2↓, Rho↑, ROCK1↑, TumCMig↓, cFLIP↓, BMPs↑, OCR↑, ECAR↓, *AntiAg↑, *cardioP↑, *antiOx↑, *ROS↓, P-gp/ABCB1↓,
2893- HNK,  doxoR,    Honokiol protects against doxorubicin cardiotoxicity via improving mitochondrial function in mouse hearts
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*mitResp↑, *PPARγ↑, *cardioP↑, *SIRT3↑, *ROS↓, *GSH↑, *SOD2↑,
2892- HNK,    Honokiol Induces Apoptosis, G1 Arrest, and Autophagy in KRAS Mutant Lung Cancer Cells
- in-vitro, Lung, A549 - in-vitro, Lung, H460 - in-vitro, Lung, H385 - in-vitro, Nor, BEAS-2B
TumCCA↑, Apoptosis↑, SIRT3↑, Hif1a↓, selectivity↑, p‑mTOR↓, p70S6↓,
2891- HNK,    Honokiol, an Active Compound of Magnolia Plant, Inhibits Growth, and Progression of Cancers of Different Organs
- Review, Var, NA
AntiCan↑, Inflam↓, antiOx↑, selectivity↑, *toxicity↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, cycE/CCNE↓, CDK2↓, CDK4↓, TumMeta↓, NADPH↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, p‑mTOR↓, EGFR↓, EMT↓, SIRT1↑, SIRT3↑, EZH2↓, Snail↓, Vim↓, N-cadherin↓, E-cadherin↑, COX2/PTGS2↓, NF-kB↓, *ROS↓, Ca+2↑, ROS↑,
2890- HNK,    SIRT3 activation promotes enteric neurons survival and differentiation
*SIRT3↑, *antiOx↑, *neuroP↑,
2889- HNK,  doxoR,    Honokiol, an activator of Sirtuin-3 (SIRT3) preserves mitochondria and protects the heart from doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy in mice
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*SIRT3↑, chemoP↑, *cardioP↑, mtDam↑, ROS↑, *ROS↓, *MMP↑,
960- HNK,    Honokiol Inhibits HIF-1α-Mediated Glycolysis to Halt Breast Cancer Growth
- vitro+vivo, BC, MCF7 - vitro+vivo, BC, MDA-MB-231
OCR↑, ECAR↓, GlucoseCon↓, lactateProd↓, ATP↓, Glycolysis↓, Hif1a↓, GLUT1↓, HK2↓, PDK1↓, Apoptosis↑, LDHA↓,
2887- HNK,    Honokiol Restores Microglial Phagocytosis by Reversing Metabolic Reprogramming
- in-vitro, AD, BV2
*Glycolysis↑, *ATP↑, *ROS↓, *MMP↑, *OXPHOS↑, *PPARα↑, *PGC-1α↑,
7458- HNK,    Honokiol induces ferroptosis in ovarian cancer cells through the regulation of YAP by OTUB2
- in-vitro, Ovarian, OVCAR-3
TumCP↓, TumCI↓, Ferroptosis↑, YAP/TEAD↓, OTUB2↓,
7468- HNK,    Honokiol and Its Emerging Role in Breast Cancer Therapy
- Review, BC, NA
*ROS↓, *Inflam↓, CSCs↓, ChemoSen↑, BioAv↑, ROS↑, MMP↓, mtDam↑, TumCCA↑, cycD1/CCND1↓, CDK4↓, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, Bcl-2↓, Bcl-xL↓, BAX↑, p‑STAT3↓, AMPK↑, miR-34a↑, EMT↓, HH↓, Shh↓, Gli1↓, PTCH1↓, NF-kB↓, TNF-α↓, IL6↓, Glycolysis↓, GlucoseCon↓, BioAv↓, BioAv↓, Half-Life↝,
7467- HNK,    Honokiol regulates ovarian cancer cell malignant behavior through YAP/TAZ pathway modulation
- vitro+vivo, Oral, NA
tumCV↓, TumCP↓, TumCMig↓, TumCI↓, YAP/TEAD↓, TAZ↓, TumCG↓,
7466- HNK,  PDT,  MET,    Enhanced integrated therapy for breast cancer employing Honokiol-loaded mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticles in conjunction with photothermal effects and low-dose metformin
- in-vitro, BC, NA
TumCD↓, Dose↝, cl‑Casp3↑, cl‑PARP↑, Apoptosis↑, TumCP↓,
7465- HNK,    Aptamer-modified GSH-degradable honokiol polyprodrug nanoparticles for ovarian cancer-specific targeting therapy
- in-vitro, Ovarian, NA
Dose↝, eff↑,
7464- HNK,    Bioinformatics and In Vitro Study Reveal ERα as The Potential Target Gene of Honokiol to Enhance Trastuzumab Sensitivity in HER2+ Trastuzumab-Resistant Breast Cancer Cells
- in-vitro, BC, HCC1954
tumCV↓, ChemoSen↑,
7463- HNK,    Honokiol Inhibits Colorectal Cancer Cell Growth: Involvement of Hsp27 as a Molecular Target
- in-vitro, CRC, NA
TumCG↓, TumCCA↑, Cyt‑c↑, Apoptosis↑, cl‑PARP↑, Bcl-2↓, HSP27↓,
7461- HNK,    Honokiol: a potent chemotherapy candidate for human colorectal carcinoma
- vitro+vivo, CRC, RKO
Apoptosis↑, Casp↑, Dose↝, OS↑, *Inflam↓, *AntiThr↑, *antiOx↑, *Half-Life↝, TumCG↓,
7460- HNK,    Honokiol/Magnolol-Loaded Self-Assembling Lecithin-Based Mixed Polymeric Micelles (lb MPMs) for Improving Solubility to Enhance Oral Bioavailability
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
BioAv↝, BioAv↝,
7459- HNK,    Honokiol Exhibits Anti-Tumor Effects in Breast Cancer by Modulating the miR-148a-5p-CYP1B1 Axis
- in-vitro, BC, MDA-MB-231
TumCP↓, Apoptosis↓, TumCMig↓, CYP1B1↓, ChemoSen↑,
2888- HNK,    Honokiol mediated inhibition of PI3K/mTOR pathway: A potential strategy to overcome immunoresistance in glioma, breast and prostate carcinoma without impacting T cell function
- in-vitro, Var, PC3 - in-vitro, BC, BT549
PI3K↓, mTOR↓, Inflam↓,
7457- HNK,    Honokiol enhances the sensitivity of cetuximab in KRASG13D mutant colorectal cancer through destroying SNX3-retromer complex
- in-vitro, CRC, NA
ChemoSen↑,
7456- HNK,    Honokiol in the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer: a network pharmacology approach and experimental validation
- vitro+vivo, BC, MDA-MB-231 - in-vitro, BC, MDA-MB-468
Apoptosis↑, TumCMig↓, TumCP↓, HSP90↓, AKT1↓, EGFR↓, HSP90↓, MDM2↓, HDAC1↓,
7455- HNK,    Honokiol in cancer: Roles in enhancing combination therapy efficacy and preventing post-transplant malignancies
- Review, Var, NA
ChemoSen↑, Imm↝, *hepatoP↑, *cardioP↑, *neuroP↑, *AntiCan↑, *Inflam↓, *antiOx↑, eff↑, *TNF-α↓, *IL1?, *IL6?,
7454- HNK,    Updated progression of honokiol in lung cancer treatment
- Review, Lung, NA
AntiCan↑, eff↑,
7453- HNK,    Determination of Potential Lead Compound from Magnolia officinalis for Alzheimer's Disease through Pharmacokinetic Prediction, Molecular Docking, Dynamic Simulation, and Experimental Validation
- Study, AD, NA
*BACE/β-secretase↓, *AChE↓, *QPCT/QC↓, *GSK‐3β↓, *toxicity↓,
4688- HNK,    Honokiol Suppresses Renal Cancer Cells’ Metastasis via Dual-Blocking Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Cancer Stem Cell Properties through Modulating miR-141/ZEB2 Signaling
- vitro+vivo, RCC, A498
CSCs↓, EMT↓, TumCG↓, PI3K↓, Akt↓, mTOR↓, p‑Akt↓, PTEN↑, Wnt↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓,
4659- HNK,    Honokiol Eliminates Human Oral Cancer Stem-Like Cells Accompanied with Suppression of Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling and Apoptosis Induction
- in-vitro, Oral, NA
cl‑Casp3↑, survivin↓, Bcl-2↓, CD44↓, Wnt↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↑, EMT↓, Slug↓, Snail↓, CSCs↓, Apoptosis↑,
4523- HNK,  MAG,  BA,    Honokiol-Magnolol-Baicalin Possesses Synergistic Anticancer Potential and Enhances the Efficacy of Anti-PD-1 Immunotherapy in Colorectal Cancer by Triggering GSDME-Dependent Pyroptosis
- in-vitro, CRC, HCT116 - in-vitro, CRC, LoVo - in-vivo, CRC, HCT116
AntiCan↑, eff↑, TumCP↓, TumCCA↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, Pyro↑, Apoptosis↑, cl‑GSDME↑, Bcl-2↓, Cyt‑c↑, Casp9↑, TumCG↓,
4522- HNK,  MAG,    Honokiol Is More Potent than Magnolol in Reducing Head and Neck Cancer Cell Growth
- in-vitro, HNSCC, FaDu
AntiCan↑, tumCV↓, eff↑, survivin↓, RadioS↑,
2072- HNK,    Honokiol Suppresses Cell Proliferation and Tumor Migration through ROS in Human Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Cells
- in-vitro, Thyroid, NA
ROS↑, eff↓,
2886- HNK,    Liposomal honokiol inhibits non-small cell lung cancer progression and enhances PD-1 blockade via suppressing M2 macrophages polarization
- in-vitro, Lung, A549 - in-vitro, Lung, H460 - in-vivo, NA, NA
eff↑, BioAv↑, eff↑, PI3K↓, Akt↓,
2865- HNK,    Liposomal Honokiol induces ROS-mediated apoptosis via regulation of ERK/p38-MAPK signaling and autophagic inhibition in human medulloblastoma
- in-vitro, MB, DAOY - vitro+vivo, NA, NA
BioAv↓, BioAv↓, TumCP↓, selectivity↑, P53↑, P21↑, CDK4↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, mtDam↑, ROS↑, eff↓, Casp3↑, BAX↑, LC3II↑, Beclin-1↑, ATG7↑, p62↑, eff↑, ChemoSen↑, *toxicity↓,
2864- HNK,    Honokiol: A Review of Its Anticancer Potential and Mechanisms
- Review, Var, NA
TumCCA↑, CDK2↓, EMT↓, MMPs↓, AMPK↑, TumCI↓, TumCMig↓, TumMeta↓, VEGFR2/KDR/Flk1↓, *antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, *BBB↑, *neuroP↑, *ROS↓, Dose↝, selectivity↑, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, NOTCH1↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, cMyc↓, P21?, DR5↑, cl‑PARP↑, P53↑, Mcl-1↑, p65↓, NF-kB↓, ROS↑, JNK↑, NRF2↑, cJun↑, EF-1α↓, MAPK↓, PI3K↓, mTORC1↓, CSCs↓, OCT4↓, Nanog↓, SOX4↓, STAT3↓, CDK4↓, p‑RB1↓, PGE2↓, COX2/PTGS2↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↑, IKKα↓, HDAC↓, HATs↑, H3↑, H4↑, LC3II↑, c-Raf↓, SIRT3↑, Hif1a↓, ER Stress↑, GRP78/BiP↑, cl‑CHOP/DDIT3↑, MMP↓, PCNA↓, Zeb1↓, NOTCH3↓, CD133↓, Nestin↓, ATG5↑, ATG7↑, survivin↓, ChemoSen↑, SOX2↓, OS↑, P-gp/ABCB1↓, Half-Life↓, Half-Life↝, eff↑, BioAv↓,
2863- HNK,    Honokiol induces paraptosis-like cell death through mitochondrial ROS-dependent endoplasmic reticulum stress in hepatocellular carcinoma Hep3B cells
- in-vitro, Liver, Hep3B
ER Stress↑, Ca+2↑, mtDam↑, PTEN↑, PARK2↑, Alix/AIP‑1↓, ROS↑, mt-ROS↑,
2082- HNK,    Revealing the role of honokiol in human glioma cells by RNA-seq analysis
- in-vitro, GBM, U87MG - in-vitro, GBM, U251
AntiCan↑, TumCP↑, TumAuto↑, Apoptosis↑, *BioAv↑, *neuroP↑, *NF-kB↑, MAPK↑, GPx4↑, Tf↑, BAX↑, Bcl-2↓, antiOx↑, Hif1a↓, Ferroptosis↑,
2081- HNK,    Honokiol induces ferroptosis in colon cancer cells by regulating GPX4 activity
- in-vitro, Colon, RKO - in-vitro, Colon, HCT116 - in-vitro, Colon, SW48 - in-vitro, Colon, HT-29 - in-vitro, Colon, LS174T - in-vitro, Colon, HCT8 - in-vitro, Colon, SW480 - in-vivo, NA, NA
tumCV↓, ROS↑, Iron↑, GPx4↓, mtDam↑, Ferroptosis↑, TumVol↓, TumW↓,
2080- HNK,    Honokiol Induces Ferroptosis by Upregulating HMOX1 in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells
- in-vitro, AML, THP1 - in-vitro, AML, U937 - in-vitro, AML, SK-HEP-1
tumCV↓, TumCCA↑, Ferroptosis↑, lipid-P↑, HO-1↑, GPx4∅,
2079- HNK,    Honokiol Microemulsion Causes Stage-Dependent Toxicity Via Dual Roles in Oxidation-Reduction and Apoptosis through FoxO Signaling Pathway
- in-vitro, Nor, PC12
*toxicity↝, *ROS↓, *ROS↑, *Dose⇅, *BioAv↑, *BioAv↓, *ROS⇅, *SOD↓, *toxicity↑,
2073- HNK,    Honokiol induces apoptosis and autophagy via the ROS/ERK1/2 signaling pathway in human osteosarcoma cells in vitro and in vivo
- in-vitro, OS, U2OS - in-vivo, NA, NA
TumCD↑, TumAuto↑, Apoptosis↑, TumCCA↑, GRP78/BiP↑, ROS↑, eff↓, p‑ERK↑, selectivity↑, Ca+2↑, MMP↓, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, cl‑PARP↑, Bcl-2↓, Bcl-xL↓, survivin↓, LC3B-II↑, ATG5↑, TumVol↓, TumW↓, ER Stress↑,

Showing Research Papers: 1 to 50 of 82
Page 1 of 2 cognitive%0A&w02=memory&w03=neuroP&w04=AChE&w05=BChE&w06=BDNF&w07=BACE&w08=NLRP3%0A&w11=A%CE%B2&w12=tau&w13=BBB&w14=PSD95&w15=homoC&w16=ATP&w17=antiOx&w18=ROS&w19=NRF2&w20=Catalase%0A&w21=GSH&w22=SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27=+IL1%CE%B2&w28=TNF-%CE%B1&page=2&exSp=open">Next

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 82

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


NA, unassigned(tgid=0) ⓘ

QPCT/QC↓, 1,  

Redox & Oxidative Stress(tgid=1) ⓘ

antiOx↑, 5,   GSH↑, 1,   Keap1↑, 1,   NRF2↑, 1,   OXPHOS↑, 1,   ROS↓, 13,   ROS↑, 1,   ROS⇅, 1,   SIRT3↑, 5,   SOD↓, 1,   SOD2↑, 2,   Trx↑, 1,   TrxR1↑, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics(tgid=3) ⓘ

ATP↑, 1,   mitResp↑, 2,   MMP↑, 3,   PGC-1α↑, 3,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis(tgid=4) ⓘ

ALAT↓, 1,   CREB↑, 1,   Glycolysis↑, 1,   LDH↓, 1,   PPARα↑, 1,   PPARγ↑, 4,  

Cell Death(tgid=5) ⓘ

Apoptosis↓, 2,   Casp3↓, 2,  

Transcription & Epigenetics(tgid=7) ⓘ

Ach↑, 1,   AntiThr↑, 1,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State(tgid=12) ⓘ

ERK↓, 1,   GSK‐3β↓, 1,  

Migration(tgid=13) ⓘ

AntiAg↑, 1,   Ca+2↓, 1,   Rho↓, 1,  

Barriers & Transport(tgid=15) ⓘ

BBB↑, 2,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling(tgid=16) ⓘ

IL1?, 1,   IL1β↓, 1,   IL6?, 1,   Inflam↓, 6,   NF-kB↓, 1,   NF-kB↑, 1,   TNF-α↓, 3,  

Synaptic & Neurotransmission(tgid=18) ⓘ

AChE↓, 1,   BDNF↑, 4,   TrkB↑, 1,  

Protein Aggregation(tgid=19) ⓘ

Aβ↓, 2,   BACE/β-secretase↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance(tgid=21) ⓘ

BioAv↓, 2,   BioAv↑, 2,   Dose⇅, 1,   Half-Life↝, 1,  

Clinical Biomarkers(tgid=22) ⓘ

ALAT↓, 1,   AST↓, 1,   IL6?, 1,   LDH↓, 1,  

Functional Outcomes(tgid=23) ⓘ

AntiCan↑, 1,   cardioP↑, 5,   cognitive↑, 1,   hepatoP↑, 2,   memory↑, 2,   Mood↑, 1,   motorD↑, 1,   neuroP↑, 5,   radioP↑, 1,   toxicity↓, 3,   toxicity↑, 1,   toxicity↝, 1,   toxicity∅, 1,  
Total Targets: 67

Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:%  prod#:94  Target#:%  State#:%  Dir#:%
  wNotes=0  sortOrder:rid,rpid

 

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