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5-HETE (5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid; primarily 5(S)-HETE)
is an arachidonic-acid-derived eicosanoid produced predominantly through the
5-lipoxygenase (ALOX5/5-LOX) pathway, with 5-HPETE serving as
an intermediate. 5-HETE functions as a lipid signaling mediator and can be
further metabolized to other bioactive products such as 5-oxo-ETE. In several
cancer models, increased 5-LOX pathway activity and 5-HETE production can
support tumour-cell proliferation, survival and growth-factor signaling;
exogenous 5-HETE has directly stimulated lung-cancer-cell growth, whereas
inhibition of 5-LOX reduced proliferation and increased programmed cell death.
Thus, in cancer contexts where the ALOX5–5-HETE pathway is activated, the
typical disease-associated direction is up and the desired
anticancer modulation is generally down. 5-HETE also
participates in inflammatory lipid signaling and has been reported at increased
levels in Alzheimer’s disease-related inflammatory lipid profiles, although its
specific contribution to AD is less established than the broader 5-LOX pathway.
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