| AIF1 - Allograft Inflammatory Factor 1 / Ionized Calcium-Binding Adapter Molecule 1
Abbreviation: AIF1, Iba-1, IBA1
Type: Calcium-binding protein / microglial and macrophage activation marker
Function: AIF1, commonly called Iba-1, is a calcium-binding cytoplasmic protein expressed predominantly in microglia and macrophage-lineage cells. It participates in cytoskeletal remodeling, membrane ruffling, phagocytosis, migration, inflammatory signaling, and immune-cell activation. Iba-1 immunostaining is widely used to identify microglia and assess changes in microglial abundance and activation state.
Cancer: ↑ / immune-microenvironment associated. Increased AIF1/Iba-1 commonly reflects infiltration or activation of tumor-associated macrophages and other myeloid cells. Elevated AIF1-positive immune-cell populations can be associated with inflammation, angiogenesis, invasion, immunosuppression, and tumor progression, although interpretation depends strongly on macrophage phenotype and tumor type.
Alzheimer's Disease: ↑ Increased Iba-1 expression and immunoreactivity are commonly observed in Alzheimer's disease and experimental AD models and reflect increased microglial activation and/or accumulation around amyloid plaques and sites of neuronal injury. Reduced Iba-1 following treatment is generally interpreted as reduced microgliosis or neuroinflammation, although Iba-1 alone does not distinguish protective from detrimental microglial states.
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