pH Cancer Research Results

pH, : Click to Expand ⟱
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Tumor Microenvironment: Cancer cells often thrive in a more acidic environment compared to normal cells. This is partly due to the metabolic processes of cancer cells, which can produce lactic acid and other acidic byproducts. The acidic microenvironment can promote tumor growth and invasion.
Many tumors exhibit an acidic microenvironment. This is largely due to the high rate of glycolysis (often referred to as the Warburg effect), even in the presence of oxygen, leading to lactate production. Acidification is thought to promote invasion, metastasis, and resistance to certain chemotherapies.
The body maintains a relatively stable pH in the blood (around 7.4). However, the pH of tissues can vary, and tumors can exhibit a lower pH.

-Normal tissues have a higher extracellular pH than intracellular pH, in cancer is exactly the opposite. (inversion of the pH gradient).

Cancer cells often overexpress proton pumps (such as V-ATPase) and transporters that actively extrude protons (H⁺) to maintain an intracellular pH conducive to their growth.
Inhibiting these pumps can lead to intracellular acidification and potentially induce apoptosis or render cancer cells more vulnerable to other treatments.
Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
4548- AgNPs,  Chit,    Synergistic combination of antioxidants, silver nanoparticles and chitosan in a nanoparticle based formulation: Characterization and cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines
- in-vitro, BC, MCF-7
AntiCan↑, EPR↑, pH↝,
1584- Citrate,    Anticancer effects of high-dose extracellular citrate treatment in pancreatic cancer cells under different glucose concentrations
- in-vitro, PC, MIA PaCa-2 - in-vitro, PC, PANC1
tumCV↓, i-Ca+2↓, TumCMig↓, CD133↓, pH↑, eff↑, Ki-67↓, eff↑,
466- CUR,    Curcumin circumvent lactate-induced chemoresistance in hepatic cancer cells through modulation of hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor-1
- in-vitro, Liver, HepG2 - in-vitro, Liver, HuT78
GlucoseCon↓, lactateProd↓, pH↑, NO↑, LAR↓, Hif1a↓, LDHA↓, MCT1↓, MDR1↓, STAT3↓, HCAR1↓,
2308- CUR,    Counteracting Action of Curcumin on High Glucose-Induced Chemoresistance in Hepatic Carcinoma Cells
- in-vitro, Liver, HepG2
GlucoseCon↓, lactateProd↓, ECAR↓, NO↓, ROS↑, HK2↓, PFK1↓, GAPDH↓, PKM2↓, LDHA↓, FASN↓, GLUT1↓, MCT1↓, MCT4↓, HCAR1↓, SDH↑, ChemoSen↑, ROS↑, BioAv↑, P53↑, NF-kB↓, pH↑,
1880- DCA,    A Novel Form of Dichloroacetate Therapy for Patients With Advanced Cancer: A Report of 3 Cases
- Case Report, Var, NA
OS↑, angioG↓, Hif1a↝, pH↝, QoL↑,
1884- DCA,  Sal,    Dichloroacetate and Salinomycin Exert a Synergistic Cytotoxic Effect in Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines
- in-vitro, CRC, DLD1 - in-vitro, CRC, HCT116
eff↑, pH↓, PDKs↓, Warburg↓,
1868- DCA,  MET,    Long-term stabilization of stage 4 colon cancer using sodium dichloroacetate therapy
- Case Report, NA, NA
eff↑, toxicity∅, MMP↓, Apoptosis↑, selectivity↑, pH↝, Dose↝, Dose↝, eff↑,
1612- EA,    Negative Effect of Ellagic Acid on Cytosolic pH Regulation and Glycolytic Flux in Human Endometrial Cancer Cell
- in-vitro, EC, NA
NHE1↓, i-pH↓, ROS↓, GlucoseCon↓, NHE1↓, Glycolysis↓,
645- EGCG,    The Effect of Ultrasound, Oxygen and Sunlight on the Stability of (−)-Epigallocatechin Gallate
- Analysis, NA, NA
eff↑, pH↓,
995- MEL,    Melatonin Treatment Triggers Metabolic and Intracellular pH Imbalance in Glioblastoma
- vitro+vivo, GBM, NA
LDHA↓, MCT4↓, lactateProd↓, i-pH↓, ROS↑, ATP↓, TumCD↑, TumCCA↑, PDH↓, Glycolysis↓, GlucoseCon↓, TumCG↓,
2249- MF,    Pulsed electromagnetic fields modulate energy metabolism during wound healing process: an in vitro model study
- in-vitro, Nor, L929
*TumCMig↑, *tumCV↑, *Glycolysis↑, *ROS↓, *mitResp↓, *other↝, *OXPHOS↓, *pH↑, *antiOx↑, *PFKM↑, *PFKL↑, *PKM2↑, *HK2↑, *GLUT1↑, *GPx1↑, *GPx4↑, *SOD1↑,
507- MF,    Effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields on the tumor cell inhibition and the possible mechanism
- in-vitro, Liver, HepG2 - in-vitro, Lung, A549 - in-vitro, Nor, GP-293
MMP↓, TumCG↓, ROS↑, *Ca+2↓, Ca+2↑, selectivity↑, i-pH↑,
786- Mg,  VitC,    A narrative review on the role of magnesium in immune regulation, inflammation, infectious diseases, and cancer
Risk↓, *VitD↑, *pH↝, *ROS↓, TumCG↓, eff↑,
5611- NaHCO3,    NaHCO3 enhances the antitumor activities of cytokine-induced killer cells against hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells
- vitro+vivo, HCC, HepG2
tumCV↓, TumCG↓, pH↑, eff↑, Imm↑,
5598- NaHCO3,    Bicarbonate Increases Tumor pH and Inhibits Spontaneous Metastases
- in-vivo, BC, MDA-MB-231
e-pH↑, TumMeta↓, TumCG⇅, Dose↑,
5620- NaHCO3,    Tumor acidity: From hallmark of cancer to target of treatment
- Review, Var, NA
e-pH↑, TumCG↓, eff↑, OS↑, eff↑, BioAv↑,
5617- NaHCO3,    Microenvironmental alkalization promotes the therapeutic effects of MSLN-CAR-T cells
- vitro+vivo, NA, NA
Imm↑, eff↑, pH↑,
5616- NaHCO3,  DCA,    Bicarbonate and dichloroacetate: Evaluating pH altering therapies in a mouse model for metastatic breast cancer
- vitro+vivo, BC, MDA-MB-231
OS↑, e-pH↑, TumMeta↓, eff↝, TumCG↝,
5615- NaHCO3,  immuno,    pH-Responsive Nanoparticles for Cancer Immunotherapy: A Brief Review
- Review, Var, NA
eff↑, eff↑, pH↑,
5614- NaHCO3,    Targeting the Acidic Tumor Microenvironment: Unexpected Pro-Neoplastic Effects of Oral NaHCO3 Therapy in Murine Breast Tissue
- in-vivo, BC, NA
e-pH↑, TumCG↝, TumCP↑,
5613- NaHCO3,    The Potential Role of Systemic Buffers in Reducing Intratumoral Extracellular pH and Acid-Mediated Invasion
- Study, Var, NA
pH↑, TumCG↓, TumCI↓, selectivity↑,
5612- NaHCO3,  immuno,    Neutralization of tumor acidity improves anti-tumor responses to immunotherapies
- vitro+vivo, Var, B16-F10
Imm↑, eff↑, e-pH↑, TumCG↓, TumMeta↓, eff↑,
5599- NaHCO3,    Acidity generated by the tumor microenvironment drives local invasion
- in-vivo, BC, MDA-MB-231 - in-vitro, CRC, HCT116
e-pH↑, TumCG↓, TumCI↓, Dose↝,
5610- NaHCO3,  doxoR,    Sodium bicarbonate nanoparticles modulate the tumor pH and enhance the cellular uptake of doxorubicin
- vitro+vivo, BC, 4T1
pH↑, Imm↑, eff↑, ChemoSen↑, TumVol↓, eff↑,
5609- NaHCO3,    Alkalization of cellular pH leads to cancer cell death by disrupting autophagy and mitochondrial function
- in-vitro, Var, NA
eff↑, e-pH↑, MMP↓, OXPHOS↝, AMP↑, TumAuto↑, MPT↑, mtDam↑,
5608- NaHCO3,    Sodium Bicarbonate Nanoparticles for Amplified Cancer Immunotherapy by Inducing Pyroptosis and Regulating Lactic Acid Metabolism
- Study, Var, NA
TumCG↓, TumMeta↓, e-pH↑, Pyro↑, Imm↑, Na+↑,
5607- NaHCO3,    Does Baking Soda Function as a Magic Bullet for Patients With Cancer? A Mini Review
- Review, Var, NA
AntiCan↑, e-pH↑, TumMeta↓, TumCI↓, TumCG↓, CD8+↑, NK cell↑, Remission↑, eff↑, ChemoSen↑, ChemoSen↓,
5604- NaHCO3,    Mitochondrial metabolic reprogramming of macrophages and T cells enhances CD47 antibody-engineered oncolytic virus antitumor immunity
- vitro+vivo, Melanoma, B16-BL6 - in-vitro, BC, 4T1
eff↑, eff↑, TumMeta↓, pH↑, CaMKII ↑, CREB↑, PGC-1α↑, AntiTum↑, Imm↑, CD8+↑, TAMS↑,
5603- NaHCO3,  immuno,    Acidosis-mediated increase in IFN-γ-induced PD-L1 expression on cancer cells as an immune escape mechanism in solid tumors
- in-vitro, BC, MCF-7 - in-vitro, PC, MIA PaCa-2 - in-vitro, GBM, U87MG
eff↑, e-pH↑, PD-L1↓,
5602- NaHCO3,  immuno,    Immunotherapy Enhancement by Targeting Extracellular Tumor pH in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Mouse Model
- in-vivo, BC, 4T1
eff↑, TumCG↓, OS↑, e-pH↑, IFN-γ↑, IL2↑, IL12↑, Dose↝, PD-L1↓,
5601- NaHCO3,    Tumor acidity, ion trapping and chemotherapeutics. II. pH-dependent partition coefficients predict importance of ion trapping on pharmacokinetics of weakly basic chemotherapeutic agents
- vitro+vivo, Var, NA
e-pH↑, ChemoSen↑,
5600- NaHCO3,    Acidosis and Cancer: from Mechanism to Neutralization
- Review, Var, NA
e-pH↑, TumCG↝, eff↑,
5253- NCL,    Niclosamide: Beyond an antihelminthic drug
- Review, Var, NA
TumCP↓, Apoptosis↑, EMT↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, TumCG↓, toxicity↓, Wnt↓, LRP6↓, eff↑, DR5↑, mTORC1↓, pH↓, CSCs↓, IL6↓, JAK1↓, STAT3↓, ChemoSen↑, TumCG↓, tumCV↓, NOTCH↓, NF-kB↓, EGFR↓, ROS↑, RadioS↑, cFos↓, cJun↓, E2Fs↓, cMyc↓, Half-Life↓, BioAv↝,
1671- PBG,    Importance of pH Homeostasis in Metabolic Health and Diseases: Crucial Role of Membrane Proton Transport
- Review, Nor, NA
pH↑,
1658- PBG,    Body Fluid pH Balance in Metabolic Health and Possible Benefits of Dietary Alkaline Foods
- Review, Var, NA
pH↑, GFR↑,
1659- PBG,    Improvement of insulin resistance, blood pressure and interstitial pH in early developmental stage of insulin resistance in OLETF rats by intake of propolis extracts
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
pH↑, BP↓, BG↓,
4726- Se,  Oxy,    Oxygen therapy accelerates apoptosis induced by selenium compounds via regulating Nrf2/MAPK signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma
- in-vivo, HCC, NA
eff↝, NRF2↓, p‑p38↑, Apoptosis↑, eff↑, TumVol↓, other↝, toxicity↓, Dose↝, NRF2↝, HO-1↓, Catalase↓, SOD↓, e-pH↓, pH∅, MAPK↑, eff↑,
2202- SK,    Enhancing Tumor Therapy of Fe(III)-Shikonin Supramolecular Nanomedicine via Triple Ferroptosis Amplification
- in-vitro, Var, NA
Iron↑, Ferroptosis↑, pH↝, H2O2↑, ROS↑, Fenton↑, GSH↓, GPx4↓, lipid-P↑,
3950- Taur,    Taurine Supplementation as a Neuroprotective Strategy upon Brain Dysfunction in Metabolic Syndrome and Diabetes
- Review, Diabetic, NA - Review, Stroke, NA - Review, AD, NA
*Ca+2↝, *neuroP↑, *other↝, *pH↝, *ROS∅, eff↑, *MMP↑, *Apoptosis↓, *other↝, *ER Stress↓, *Bcl-xL↓, *BAX↑, *Cyt‑c↑, *cal2↓, *Casp3↓, *UPR↓, *other↝, *NF-kB↓, *NRF2↑, *GLUT1↑, *GLUT3↑, *memory↑,
636- VitC,    Acute Effects of Vitamin C Exposure On Colonic Crypts: Direct Modulation of pH Regulation
- in-vivo, NA, NA
pH↓, SVCT-2∅,

Showing Research Papers: 1 to 40 of 40

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 40

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

Catalase↓, 1,   Fenton↑, 1,   Ferroptosis↑, 1,   GPx4↓, 1,   GSH↓, 1,   H2O2↑, 1,   HO-1↓, 1,   Iron↑, 1,   lipid-P↑, 1,   NRF2↓, 1,   NRF2↝, 1,   OXPHOS↝, 1,   ROS↓, 1,   ROS↑, 6,   SOD↓, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ

ATP↓, 1,   MMP↓, 3,   MPT↑, 1,   mtDam↑, 1,   PGC-1α↑, 1,   SDH↑, 1,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

AMP↑, 1,   cMyc↓, 1,   CREB↑, 1,   ECAR↓, 1,   FASN↓, 1,   GAPDH↓, 1,   GlucoseCon↓, 4,   Glycolysis↓, 2,   HK2↓, 1,   lactateProd↓, 3,   LAR↓, 1,   LDHA↓, 3,   MCT4↓, 2,   PDH↓, 1,   PDKs↓, 1,   PFK1↓, 1,   PKM2↓, 1,   Warburg↓, 1,  

Cell Death ⓘ

Apoptosis↑, 3,   DR5↑, 1,   Ferroptosis↑, 1,   MAPK↑, 1,   MCT1↓, 2,   p‑p38↑, 1,   Pyro↑, 1,   TumCD↑, 1,  

Kinase & Signal Transduction ⓘ

CaMKII ↑, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ

cJun↓, 1,   other↝, 1,   tumCV↓, 3,  

Autophagy & Lysosomes ⓘ

TumAuto↑, 1,  

DNA Damage & Repair ⓘ

P53↑, 1,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence ⓘ

E2Fs↓, 1,   TumCCA↑, 1,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

CD133↓, 1,   cFos↓, 1,   CSCs↓, 1,   EMT↓, 1,   LRP6↓, 1,   mTORC1↓, 1,   NOTCH↓, 1,   STAT3↓, 2,   TumCG↓, 13,   TumCG⇅, 1,   TumCG↝, 3,   Wnt↓, 1,  

Migration ⓘ

Ca+2↑, 1,   i-Ca+2↓, 1,   Ki-67↓, 1,   Na+↑, 1,   TumCI↓, 3,   TumCMig↓, 1,   TumCP↓, 1,   TumCP↑, 1,   TumMeta↓, 6,   β-catenin/ZEB1↓, 1,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

angioG↓, 1,   EGFR↓, 1,   EPR↑, 1,   Hif1a↓, 1,   Hif1a↝, 1,   NO↓, 1,   NO↑, 1,   TAMS↑, 1,  

Barriers & Transport ⓘ

GLUT1↓, 1,   Na+↑, 1,   NHE1↓, 2,   SVCT-2∅, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

HCAR1↓, 2,   IFN-γ↑, 1,   IL12↑, 1,   IL2↑, 1,   IL6↓, 1,   Imm↑, 6,   JAK1↓, 1,   NF-kB↓, 2,   NK cell↑, 1,   PD-L1↓, 2,  

Cellular Microenvironment ⓘ

pH↓, 4,   pH↑, 12,   pH↝, 4,   pH∅, 1,   e-pH↓, 1,   e-pH↑, 13,   i-pH↓, 2,   i-pH↑, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

BioAv↑, 2,   BioAv↝, 1,   ChemoSen↓, 1,   ChemoSen↑, 5,   Dose↑, 1,   Dose↝, 5,   eff↑, 28,   eff↝, 2,   Half-Life↓, 1,   MDR1↓, 1,   RadioS↑, 1,   selectivity↑, 3,  

Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ

BG↓, 1,   BP↓, 1,   EGFR↓, 1,   IL6↓, 1,   Ki-67↓, 1,   PD-L1↓, 2,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

AntiCan↑, 2,   AntiTum↑, 1,   GFR↑, 1,   OS↑, 4,   QoL↑, 1,   Remission↑, 1,   Risk↓, 1,   toxicity↓, 2,   toxicity∅, 1,   TumVol↓, 2,  

Infection & Microbiome ⓘ

CD8+↑, 2,  
Total Targets: 136

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

antiOx↑, 1,   GPx1↑, 1,   GPx4↑, 1,   NRF2↑, 1,   OXPHOS↓, 1,   ROS↓, 2,   ROS∅, 1,   SOD1↑, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ

mitResp↓, 1,   MMP↑, 1,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

Glycolysis↑, 1,   HK2↑, 1,   PFKL↑, 1,   PFKM↑, 1,   PKM2↑, 1,  

Cell Death ⓘ

Apoptosis↓, 1,   BAX↑, 1,   Bcl-xL↓, 1,   Casp3↓, 1,   Cyt‑c↑, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ

other↝, 4,   tumCV↑, 1,  

Protein Folding & ER Stress ⓘ

ER Stress↓, 1,   UPR↓, 1,  

Migration ⓘ

Ca+2↓, 1,   Ca+2↝, 1,   cal2↓, 1,   TumCMig↑, 1,  

Barriers & Transport ⓘ

GLUT1↑, 2,   GLUT3↑, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

NF-kB↓, 1,   VitD↑, 1,  

Cellular Microenvironment ⓘ

pH↑, 1,   pH↝, 2,  

Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ

VitD↑, 1,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

memory↑, 1,   neuroP↑, 1,  
Total Targets: 37

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: pH,
19 Bicarbonate(Sodium)
4 Dichloroacetate
4 immunotherapy
3 Propolis -bee glue
2 Curcumin
2 Magnetic Fields
2 Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)
1 Silver-NanoParticles
1 chitosan
1 Citric Acid
1 salinomycin
1 Metformin
1 Ellagic acid
1 EGCG (Epigallocatechin Gallate)
1 Melatonin
1 Magnesium
1 doxorubicin
1 Niclosamide (Niclocide)
1 Selenium
1 Oxygen, Hyperbaric
1 Shikonin
1 Taurine
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

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