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Myosin phosphatase target subunit 1
(MYPT1; gene symbol PPP1R12A) is the
regulatory targeting subunit of myosin light-chain phosphatase. The
MYPT1-associated phosphatase complex dephosphorylates regulatory myosin light
chain and thereby reduces actomyosin contractility. In cancer,
phosphorylation of MYPT1 by Rho-associated kinase commonly inhibits myosin
phosphatase activity, resulting in increased MLC phosphorylation, cytoskeletal
tension, migration, and invasion. Therefore,
phosphorylated MYPT1 ↑ is usually associated with
increased ROCK signalling and a pro-migratory phenotype, whereas active
MYPT1-mediated phosphatase activity is generally anti-contractile.
Gene reference.
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