Description: <b>Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10)</b>, also known as ubiquinone, is a fat-soluble antioxidant and a critical component of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, essential for ATP production. Its potential role in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and cancer has been increasingly studied, mainly due to its effects on oxidative stress, mitochondrial function, and cellular energy metabolism.<br>
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Two types: ubiquinone(standard) vs ubiquinol(more bioavailable) <br>
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-high content in beef heart
-Acts as an antioxidant, reducing ROS<br>
-Some preclinical studies suggest CoQ10 may reduce Aβ-induced neurotoxicity<br>
-CoQ10 is sometimes used with chemotherapy to reduce cardiotoxicity (especially with doxorubicin).<br>
-Essential for ATP (energy) production.<br>
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-CoQ10 levels may drop by 25–40% in people taking statins.<br>
-May support mitochondrial function in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s<br>
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Coenzyme Q10 exists in three redox states:
Form Name Abbreviation Redox state
Oxidized Ubiquinone CoQ10 Oxidized (labeled “Coenzyme Q10”, “CoQ10”)
Semiquinone Ubiquinol radical CoQ10•– Intermediate (labeled “Ubiquinol”, “Reduced CoQ10”)
Reduced Ubiquinol CoQ10H₂ Reduced
Most supplements = ubiquinol (reduced, antioxidant)
Ubiquinol is often preferred for cardiovascular, aging, and antioxidant-focused use.
BPM31510 = ubiquinone (oxidized) (might raise ROS in cancer cells)
<b>>80–95% of circulating CoQ10 is ubiquinol, regardless of whether ubiquinone or ubiquinol was ingested</b>
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-CoQ10 is fat-soluble, so take it alongside meals that include nutrient-dense fats like coconut oil, butter or tallow in moderation<br>
-initial 200-300mg/day (split during day) down to 100mg after 21 days<br>
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BPM31510: Pharmaceutical oxidized CoQ10<br>
BPM31510 = oxidized CoQ10 (ubiquinone) in a specialized lipid formulation.<br>
BPM31510 increases Mitochondrial ROS in cancer cells. That increase is intentional, central to its mechanism, and relatively selective for tumor cells.<br>
BPM31510 Studies report in cancer cells:<br>
↑ mitochondrial ROS<br>
↑ lipid peroxidation<br>
↓ NADPH/NADP⁺ ratio<br>
↓ GSH/GSSG ratio<br>
Activation of oxidative stress pathways<br>
Cell death without classic antioxidant rescue<br>
Importantly: Trolox, NAC, or GSH can partially blunt BPM31510 effects, confirming ROS dependence<br>
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Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10 / Ubiquinone) — Cancer vs Normal Cell Effects
<table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4">
<tr>
<th>Rank</th>
<th>Pathway / Axis</th>
<th>Cancer Cells</th>
<th>Normal Cells</th>
<th>Label</th>
<th>Primary Interpretation</th>
<th>Notes</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>Mitochondrial electron transport (ETC)</td>
<td>↔ or ↓ metabolic advantage</td>
<td>↑ ETC efficiency</td>
<td>Driver</td>
<td>Mitochondrial bioenergetic support</td>
<td>CoQ10 improves electron transport and ATP efficiency primarily in normal cells</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2</td>
<td>Reactive oxygen species (ROS)</td>
<td>↓ ROS (antioxidant)</td>
<td>↓ ROS (strong buffering)</td>
<td>Driver</td>
<td>Antioxidant dominance</td>
<td>CoQ10 limits lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial ROS production</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>3</td>
<td>Mitochondrial membrane stability</td>
<td>↔ stabilized (may reduce stress signaling)</td>
<td>↑ membrane protection</td>
<td>Secondary</td>
<td>Mitochondrial resilience</td>
<td>Stabilization favors normal cells and may blunt oxidative stress-based cancer therapies</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>4</td>
<td>Inflammatory signaling (NF-κB / cytokines)</td>
<td>↓ inflammatory microenvironment</td>
<td>↓ inflammation</td>
<td>Secondary</td>
<td>Anti-inflammatory milieu</td>
<td>Reduced inflammation may limit tumor promotion but is not directly cytotoxic</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>5</td>
<td>Cell proliferation</td>
<td>↔ or mildly ↓</td>
<td>↔</td>
<td>Phenotypic</td>
<td>Growth neutrality</td>
<td>CoQ10 does not strongly inhibit proliferation in most cancer models</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>6</td>
<td>Apoptosis</td>
<td>↓ apoptosis (stress protection)</td>
<td>↓ apoptosis</td>
<td>Phenotypic</td>
<td>Cytoprotection</td>
<td>Anti-apoptotic effect reflects antioxidant and mitochondrial protection</td>
</tr>
</table>