tbResList Print — Ba Baicalein

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Product

Ba Baicalein
Description: <p><b>Baicalein</b> — Baicalein is a polyphenolic flavone aglycone found primarily in <i>Scutellaria baicalensis</i> and related botanicals, and is the active unconjugated counterpart of baicalin after intestinal/microbial deconjugation and re-conjugation cycling. It is formally classified as a small-molecule natural-product flavonoid with pleiotropic signaling, redox, metabolic, and enzyme-modulatory activity. Standard abbreviations include Ba or BE. In cancer literature it is best characterized as a multi-target preclinical anticancer scaffold rather than an established oncology drug, with relatively strong mechanistic support for apoptosis induction, survival-pathway suppression, anti-invasive signaling, and 12-lipoxygenase inhibition, but with major translational constraints from poor aqueous solubility, extensive first-pass glucuronidation/sulfation, transporter-enzyme interactions, and the likelihood that many in-vitro exposure levels exceed typical systemic aglycone exposure.</p>

<p><b>Primary mechanisms (ranked):</b></p>
<ol>
<li>12-lipoxygenase inhibition with downstream suppression of pro-survival, pro-migratory, and pro-angiogenic lipid signaling.</li>
<li>Intrinsic apoptosis induction via mitochondrial destabilization, cytochrome-c release, caspase-9/3 activation, and BAX:BCL-2 shift.</li>
<li>PI3K/AKT survival-axis repression, often with PTEN restoration and reduced downstream anti-apoptotic signaling.</li>
<li>Redox stress modulation with tumor-context ROS↑ and impaired antioxidant buffering, but normal-cell antioxidant protection in oxidative-injury models.</li>
<li>ER-stress and Ca²⁺ stress coupling that amplifies mitochondrial commitment to cell death.</li>
<li>Suppression of glycolysis / hypoxia adaptation, including HIF-1α, HK2, LDHA, PDK1, PKM2, and GLUT1 in relevant models.</li>
<li>Anti-invasive / anti-metastatic signaling through MMP2/MMP9 and related migration programs.</li>
<li>Anti-angiogenic signaling with VEGF reduction.</li>
<li>Contextual chemo- and radiosensitization in selected models.</li>
</ol>

<p><b>Bioavailability / PK relevance:</b> Oral translation is constrained by very low water solubility and extensive intestinal/hepatic phase-II metabolism to glucuronide and sulfate conjugates. Human phase-I data show rapid absorption of tablet formulations with peak plasma levels around 2 hours, steady state after repeated dosing, and major circulating/excreted metabolite burden rather than sustained high parent-aglycone exposure. Microbiota, UGT-dependent reconjugation, and transporter/CYP interactions are clinically relevant variables. Intestinal microbiota are mechanistically relevant because baicalin is converted to baicalein before absorption. Poor translational PK is reinforced by very low aqueous solubility, reported around 16.82 μg/mL, and by formulation studies showing large exposure gains after cocrystal/nanodelivery approaches.</p>

<p><b>In-vitro vs systemic exposure relevance:</b> Many anticancer cell studies use roughly 10–50 μM and sometimes higher. That generally exceeds typical reported average human plasma exposure for parent baicalein after oral dosing, so direct translation of higher-concentration in-vitro effects should be treated cautiously unless formulation enhancement, local delivery, tissue enrichment, conjugate deconjugation, or combination use is specifically justified.</p>

<p><b>Clinical evidence status:</b> Strong preclinical evidence across multiple tumor models; limited animal efficacy support; human clinical experience is mainly phase-I safety/PK and non-oncology development contexts. There is no established cancer indication or mainstream regulatory oncology deployment as of March 12, 2026.</p>


Here are some of the key pathways and mechanisms implicated in its anticancer effects:<br>
-Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Regulation<br>
-Reactive Oxygen Species
<a href="tbResList.php?&qv=38&tsv=275&wNotes=on&word=ROS↑">ROS↑ </a> Generation and Oxidative Stress
(Context and dose dependent)<br>
- ROS↑ related:
<a href="tbResList.php?&qv=38&tsv=197&wNotes=on&word=MMP↓">MMP↓</a>(ΔΨm),
<a href="tbResList.php?&qv=38&tsv=103&wNotes=on&word=ER Stress">ER Stress↑</a>,
<a href="tbResList.php?&qv=38&tsv=38&wNotes=on&word=Ca+2↑">Ca+2↑</a>,
<a href="tbResList.php?&qv=38&tsv=77&wNotes=on&word=Cyt‑c">Cyt‑c↑</a>,
<a href="tbResList.php?&qv=38&tsv=42&wNotes=on&word=Casp3↑">Caspase-3↑</a>,
<a href="tbResList.php?&qv=38&tsv=45&wNotes=on&word=Casp9↑">Caspase-9↑</a>,
<a href="tbResList.php?&qv=38&tsv=82&wNotes=on&word=DNAdam↑">DNA damage↑</a>,
<br>


-Baicalein’s effects on ROS are context-dependent. In some cancer cells, it promotes ROS production to a degree that overwhelms the antioxidant defenses. Elevated ROS levels can damage cellular components and promote apoptosis, essentially tipping the balance toward cell death.<br>
-Conversely, in normal cells, baicalein may exhibit antioxidant properties and reduce
<a href="tbResList.php?&qv=38&tsv=275&wNotes=on&word=ROS↓">ROS↓ </a>
under conditions of oxidative stress, highlighting its dual role.<br>

- May Lowers AntiOxidant defense in Cancer Cells:
<a href="tbResList.php?&qv=38&tsv=226&wNotes=on&word=NRF2↓">NRF2↓</a>,
<a href="tbResList.php?&qv=38&tsv=137&wNotes=on&word=GSH↓">GSH↓</a>,
<a href="tbResList.php?&qv=38&tsv=597&wNotes=on&word=HO-1↓">HO-1↓</a>
<br>

- Raises
<a href="tbResList.php?&qv=38&tsv=1103&wNotes=on&word=antiOx↑">AntiOxidant</a>
defense in Normal Cells:
<a href="tbResList.php?&qv=38&tsv=226&wNotes=on&word=NRF2↑">NRF2↑</a>,
<a href="tbResList.php?&qv=38&tsv=298&wNotes=on&word=SOD↑">SOD↑</a>,
<a href="tbResList.php?&qv=38&tsv=137&wNotes=on&word=GSH↑">GSH↑</a>,
<a href="tbResList.php?&qv=38&tsv=46&wNotes=on&word=Catalase↑">Catalase↑</a>,
<a href="tbResList.php?&qv=38&tsv=597&wNotes=on&word=HO-1↑">HO-1↑</a>,
<br>

-<a href="tbResList.php?&qv=38&tsv=181&wNotes=on&exSp=open&word=MAPK">MAPK, </a>
<a href="tbResList.php?&qv=38&tsv=105&wNotes=on&exSp=open&word=ERK">ERK </a>
Pathway: <br>
-PI3K/Akt Pathway: Inhibition of the
<a href="tbResList.php?&qv=38&tsv=252&wNotes=on&exSp=open&word=PI3K">PI3K, </a>
<a href="tbResList.php?&qv=38&tsv=4&wNotes=on&exSp=open&word=Akt">Akt </a>
pathway by baicalein.<br>
-<a href="tbResList.php?&qv=38&tsv=214&wNotes=on&exSp=open&word=NF-kB">NF-κB </a>
Pathway: Baicalein can inhibit <br>
-Inhibition of Metastasis and Invasion: Baicalein can downregulate
<a href="tbResList.php?&qv=38&tsv=204&wNotes=on&exSp=open&word=MMPs">MMPs, </a>
<a href="tbResList.php?&qv=38&tsv=201&wNotes=on&exSp=open&word=MMP2">MMP2, </a>
<a href="tbResList.php?&qv=38&tsv=203&wNotes=on&exSp=open&word=MMP9">MMP9 </a><br>
-Angiogenesis Suppression:
<a href="tbResList.php?&qv=38&tsv=334&wNotes=on&exSp=open&word=VEGF">VEGF</a><br>
-Baicalein is a well-known inhibitor of
<a href="tbResList.php?&qv=38&tsv=1126&wNotes=on&exSp=open&word=12LOX">12-lipoxygenase</a><br>
-inhibitor of <a href="tbResList.php?&qv=38&tsv=129&wNotes=on&exSp=open&word=Glycolysis">Glycolysis↓</a> and
<a href="tbResList.php?&qv=38&tsv=143&wNotes=on&exSp=open&word=Hif1a">HIF-1α↓</a>,
<a href="tbResList.php?&qv=38&tsv=772&wNotes=on&exSp=open&word=PKM2">PKM2↓</a>,
<a href="tbResList.php?&qv=38&tsv=35&wNotes=on&exSp=open&word=cMyc">cMyc↓</a>,
<a href="tbResList.php?&qv=38&tsv=246&wNotes=on&exSp=open&word=PDK1">PDK1↓</a>,
<a href="tbResList.php?&qv=38&tsv=566&wNotes=on&exSp=open&word=GLUT">GLUT1↓</a>,
<a href="tbResList.php?&qv=38&tsv=175&wNotes=on&exSp=open&word=LDH">LDHA↓</a>,
<a href="tbResList.php?&qv=38&tsv=773&wNotes=on&exSp=open&word=HK2">HK2↓</a>
<br>
- promoting
<a href="tbResList.php?&qv=38&tsv=267&wNotes=on&exSp=open&word=PTEN">PTEN</a><br>



-<a href="tbResList.php?&qv=38&tsv=1106&wNotes=on">chemo-sensitization</a>,
<a href="tbResList.php?qv=38&tsv=1171&wNotes=on">chemoProtective</a>,
<a href="tbResList.php?&qv=38&tsv=1107&wNotes=onS">RadioSensitizer</a>,
<a href="tbResList.php?qv=38&tsv=1185&wNotes=on">RadioProtective</a>,
<a href="tbResList.php?&qv=38&tsv=1105&wNotes=on">neuroprotective</a>,
<a href="tbResList.php?qv=38&tsv=557&wNotes=on">Cognitive</a>,
<a href="tbResList.php?qv=38&tsv=1175&wNotes=on">Renoprotection</a>,
<a href="tbResList.php?qv=38&tsv=1179&wNotes=on">Hepatoprotective</a>,
<a href="tbResList.php?&qv=38&tsv=1188&wNotes=on&exSp=open&word=cardioP">cardioProtective</a>,
<br>

<!-- SELECTIVE: -->
- Selectivity:
<a href="tbResList.php?qv=38&tsv=1110&wNotes=on">Cancer Cells vs Normal Cells</a>
<br>


-low <a href="tbResList.php?&qv=38&tsv=792&wNotes=on&exSp=open&word= BioAv">bioavailability</a> but
<a href="https://www.mcsformulas.com/vitamins-supplements/baicalein-pro-liposomal/">liposomal</a>
may improve bioavailability<br>
<br>
In summary, baicalein affects cancer cells by modulating multiple pathways—promoting apoptosis, causing cell cycle arrest, generating or modulating ROS levels, inhibiting survival and proliferative signaling (such as MAPK, PI3K/Akt, and NF-κB pathways), and reducing angiogenesis and metastasis.<br>
<br>
Many animal studies, doses have been reported in the range of approximately 10 to 200 mg/kg body weight.<br>
For example, some studies exploring anticancer or anti-inflammatory effects in rodent models have used doses around 50–100 mg/kg.<br>
However, these doses do not directly translate to human dosages.<br>
Some human studies or formulations (where they are used as nutraceuticals or supplements) may suggest dosing in the range of a few hundred milligrams per day of the extract, but it is often not standardized to a specific amount of baicalein or baicalin.<br>
-mix with oil?<br>
<br>
-ic50 cancer cells 10-30uM, normal cells 50-100uM<br>
-Animal studies, 10 to 100 mg/kg.<br>
-Reported to induce apoptosis, cause cell cycle arrest, inhibit angiogenesis, and modulate various signaling pathways (e.g., STAT3, NF-κB, MAPK).<br>
<br>




<h3>Mechanistic table</h3>
<table border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<th>Rank</th>
<th>Pathway / Axis</th>
<th>Cancer Cells</th>
<th>Normal Cells</th>
<th>TSF</th>
<th>Primary Effect</th>
<th>Notes / Interpretation</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>12-Lipoxygenase axis</td>
<td>↓ 12-LOX, ↓ 12-HETE-linked survival / migration signaling</td>
<td>↔ or modest effect</td>
<td>P, R</td>
<td>Direct target-level antitumor leverage</td>
<td>One of the more mechanistically specific baicalein actions. Supports anti-proliferative, anti-migratory, and anti-angiogenic behavior in susceptible tumors.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2</td>
<td>Mitochondria / MPTP</td>
<td>↓ ΔΨm, ↑ mitochondrial dysfunction, ↑ Cyt-c release</td>
<td>↔ or protected in oxidative-injury models</td>
<td>R, G</td>
<td>Intrinsic apoptosis commitment</td>
<td>Mitochondrial collapse is a major convergence point downstream of redox, ER-stress, and survival-pathway suppression.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>3</td>
<td>Caspase apoptosis program</td>
<td>↑ BAX, ↓ Bcl-2, ↑ Casp9, ↑ Casp3, ↑ apoptosis</td>
<td>↔ minimal activation</td>
<td>G</td>
<td>Cell-death execution</td>
<td>Widely reported across tumor models; often follows mitochondrial injury rather than representing the earliest event.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>4</td>
<td>PI3K / AKT / PTEN axis</td>
<td>↓ PI3K, ↓ p-AKT, ↑ PTEN</td>
<td>↔ or context-dependent</td>
<td>R, G</td>
<td>Survival suppression</td>
<td>A central non-redox pathway that helps explain apoptosis sensitization, cell-cycle arrest, and metabolic downshift.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>5</td>
<td>ROS balance</td>
<td>↑ ROS (dose-dependent) or ROS⇅ depending on model</td>
<td>↓ ROS under oxidative challenge</td>
<td>P, R, G</td>
<td>Tumor-selective redox stress</td>
<td>Dual behavior is important: pro-oxidant pressure is common in malignant cells, whereas antioxidant cytoprotection is well documented in stressed non-malignant cells.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>6</td>
<td>NRF2 / HO-1 / GSH antioxidant buffering</td>
<td>↓ NRF2, ↓ HO-1, ↓ GSH (context-dependent)</td>
<td>↑ NRF2, ↑ HO-1, ↑ GSH, ↑ SOD / catalase</td>
<td>R, G</td>
<td>Selectivity gate</td>
<td>This divergent redox-buffer response likely contributes to cancer-versus-normal selectivity, but it is model-dependent and should not be overstated as universal.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>7</td>
<td>ER stress and Ca²⁺ stress coupling</td>
<td>↑ ER stress, ↑ CHOP, ↑ UPR, ↑ Ca²⁺ dysregulation</td>
<td>↔ buffered homeostasis</td>
<td>R, G</td>
<td>Stress amplification</td>
<td>Likely helps transmit redox/survival perturbation into irreversible mitochondrial death signaling.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>8</td>
<td>Glycolysis / HIF-1α adaptation</td>
<td>↓ HIF-1α, ↓ HK2, ↓ LDHA, ↓ PDK1, ↓ PKM2, ↓ GLUT1, ↓ glycolysis</td>
<td>↔</td>
<td>G</td>
<td>Metabolic constraint</td>
<td>Most convincing in hypoxia-adaptation and gastric / radioresistance models. Usually reflects later transcriptional or adaptation-level effects.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>9</td>
<td>NF-κB and MAPK / ERK signaling</td>
<td>↓ NF-κB, MAPK / ERK modulation (often ↓ ERK tone)</td>
<td>↔ or context-dependent</td>
<td>P, R, G</td>
<td>Signal reprogramming</td>
<td>Supports lower inflammatory-survival tone, apoptosis sensitization, and reduced proliferation, but exact direction within MAPK branches can vary by tumor model.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>10</td>
<td>Invasion / metastasis axis</td>
<td>↓ MMP2, ↓ MMP9, ↓ migration / invasion</td>
<td>↔</td>
<td>G</td>
<td>Anti-invasive phenotype</td>
<td>Phenotypically important and relatively consistent, though usually secondary to broader signaling reprogramming.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>11</td>
<td>Angiogenesis axis</td>
<td>↓ VEGF, ↓ microvessel support</td>
<td>↔</td>
<td>G</td>
<td>Anti-angiogenic support</td>
<td>Supported by xenograft and lung-cancer data; best viewed as an adjunct downstream effect rather than sole primary mechanism.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>12</td>
<td>Radiosensitization / chemosensitization</td>
<td>↑ treatment sensitivity (context-dependent)</td>
<td>Potential normal-tissue protection in oxidative-injury contexts</td>
<td>G</td>
<td>Combination-use leverage</td>
<td>Mechanistically plausible via HIF-1α/glycolysis suppression, NF-κB restraint, and apoptosis priming, but still preclinical and heterogeneous.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>13</td>
<td>Clinical Translation Constraint</td>
<td>Low parent exposure, variable microbiota handling, rapid conjugation, likely concentration gap</td>
<td>May favor safety but complicates efficacy extrapolation</td>
<td>G</td>
<td>Delivery limitation</td>
<td>Poor solubility, strong first-pass metabolism, conjugate predominance, possible CYP/transporter interactions, and lack of oncology-grade clinical validation are the main barriers.</td>
</tr>
</table>


<p><b>Time-Scale Flag (TSF):</b> P / R / G</p>
<ul>
<li><b>P</b>: 0–30 min (primary/physical–chemical effects; direct enzymatic or rapid signaling shifts)</li>
<li><b>R</b>: 30 min–3 hr (redox signaling and acute stress-response signaling)</li>
<li><b>G</b>: &gt;3 hr (gene-regulatory adaptation and phenotype-level outcomes)</li>
</ul>

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells

Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

Copper↑, 1,   Fenton↑, 1,   Ferroptosis↑, 1,   GPx1↑, 1,   GPx1↓, 1,   GPx4↓, 3,   GSH↓, 2,   H2O2↑, 2,   HK1↓, 1,   HO-1↓, 1,   NRF2↓, 1,   NRF2↝, 1,   p‑NRF2↓, 1,   Prx6↑, 2,   ROS↑, 25,   ROS?, 1,   ROS↓, 2,   ROS↝, 1,   ROS⇅, 2,   i-ROS↑, 2,   SOD1↑, 1,   SOD1↓, 1,   SOD2↑, 1,   SOD2↓, 1,   TrxR↓, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ

CDC25↓, 1,   p‑MEK↓, 1,   MEK↓, 2,   MMP↓, 14,   XIAP↓, 3,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

12LOX↓, 11,   12LOX?, 1,   ALDOA↓, 1,   AMPK↑, 3,   Cav1↓, 1,   cMyc↓, 6,   CYP3A2↓, 1,   ECAR↓, 1,   ENO1↓, 1,   GLS↓, 1,   GlucoseCon↓, 3,   GlutMet↓, 1,   Glycolysis↓, 10,   GPI↓, 1,   HK2↓, 6,   lact/pyru↓, 1,   lactateProd↓, 2,   LDH?, 1,   LDHA↓, 6,   p‑PDK1↓, 1,   PDK1↓, 5,   PFK1↓, 1,   PKM2↓, 5,   PPARγ↑, 1,   PPARγ↓, 1,   SIRT1↑, 1,   TPI↓, 1,  

Cell Death ⓘ

p‑Akt↓, 9,   Akt↓, 11,   Apoptosis↑, 26,   ASK1↑, 1,   BAD↓, 1,   BAX↑, 16,   BAX↓, 1,   Bax:Bcl2↑, 5,   Bcl-2↓, 15,   Bcl-xL↓, 5,   BID↑, 3,   cl‑BID↑, 1,   Casp2↑, 1,   Casp3↑, 19,   cl‑Casp3↑, 1,   cl‑Casp3↓, 1,   Casp7↑, 1,   Casp8↑, 6,   Casp9↑, 14,   Casp9?, 1,   cl‑Casp9↑, 1,   cl‑Casp9↓, 1,   cFLIP↓, 3,   Chk2↑, 1,   Cyt‑c↑, 12,   DR4↑, 1,   DR4∅, 1,   DR5↑, 10,   FADD↑, 3,   Fas↑, 2,   FasL↑, 4,   Ferroptosis↑, 1,   IAP1↓, 1,   IAP2↓, 1,   JNK↑, 2,   MAPK↓, 2,   Mcl-1↓, 3,   MDM2↓, 1,   necrosis↑, 2,   p27↑, 2,   p38↑, 1,   survivin↓, 4,   TRAIL↑, 1,   TumCD↑, 1,  

Kinase & Signal Transduction ⓘ

PAK↓, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ

other↓, 1,   other?, 1,   tumCV↓, 4,  

Protein Folding & ER Stress ⓘ

CHOP↑, 4,   ER Stress↑, 4,   IRE1↑, 1,   PERK↑, 1,   UPR↑, 1,  

Autophagy & Lysosomes ⓘ

Beclin-1↑, 1,   BNIP3?, 1,   BNIP3↑, 2,   LC3A↑, 1,   p62↓, 2,   TumAuto↑, 6,  

DNA Damage & Repair ⓘ

CHK1↓, 1,   DNAdam↑, 4,   DNMTs↓, 1,   p16↑, 1,   P53↑, 6,   cl‑PARP↑, 9,   PARP↑, 2,   PCNA↓, 1,   p‑γH2AX↑, 1,   γH2AX↝, 1,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence ⓘ

CDK1↓, 2,   CDK4↓, 4,   Cyc↓, 1,   cycA1/CCNA1↑, 1,   CycB/CCNB1↓, 2,   cycD1/CCND1↓, 5,   cycE/CCNE↑, 2,   P21↑, 3,   Securin↓, 1,   TumCCA↑, 15,   TumCCA↓, 1,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

ALDH↓, 1,   CD24↓, 1,   CSCs↓, 2,   EMT↓, 3,   ERK↓, 4,   ERK↑, 1,   Gli1↓, 2,   GSK‐3β↓, 1,   HDAC1↓, 1,   HDAC10↑, 1,   HDAC10↓, 1,   HDAC8↓, 1,   HH↓, 1,   p‑mTOR↓, 7,   mTOR↓, 6,   mTORC1↓, 1,   NOTCH↓, 1,   OCT4↓, 1,   p‑PI3K↓, 1,   PI3K↓, 7,   PTEN↑, 7,   Shh↓, 2,   Smo↓, 1,   SOX2↓, 1,   STAT3↓, 4,   p‑STAT3↓, 1,   TOP2↓, 1,   TumCG↓, 10,   TumCG↑, 1,   Wnt?, 1,   Wnt↓, 2,   ZFX↓, 2,  

Migration ⓘ

Ca+2↑, 7,   Ca+2↓, 1,   CAFs/TAFs↓, 1,   E-cadherin↑, 3,   F-actin↓, 1,   FAK↓, 1,   GLI2↓, 1,   Ki-67↓, 2,   MMP2↓, 10,   MMP9↓, 9,   MMPs↓, 3,   N-cadherin↓, 3,   ROCK1↓, 2,   SMAD4↓, 2,   Snail↓, 2,   TGF-β↓, 3,   TIMP1↓, 2,   TIMP2↓, 2,   TumCI↓, 4,   TumCMig↓, 5,   TumCP↓, 15,   TumMeta↓, 3,   Twist↓, 1,   uPA↓, 2,   Vim↓, 5,   Zeb1↓, 1,   ZEB2↓, 1,   ZO-1↑, 1,   β-catenin/ZEB1↓, 2,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

angioG↓, 2,   HIF-1↓, 2,   Hif1a↓, 13,   LOX1↓, 1,   VEGF↑, 1,   VEGF↓, 8,   VEGFR2↓, 1,  

Barriers & Transport ⓘ

GLUT1↓, 3,   GLUT3↓, 1,   P-gp↓, 4,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

COX2↓, 1,   p‑IKKα↓, 3,   IKKα↑, 1,   IL1β↓, 1,   IL2↓, 1,   IL6↓, 2,   Inflam↓, 3,   p‑IκB↓, 1,   IκB↑, 1,   JAK2↓, 2,   MCP1↓, 1,   NF-kB↓, 12,   NF-kB↑, 1,   p65↓, 1,   PD-L1↓, 4,   PGE2↓, 1,   RANTES↓, 1,   SOCS-3↑, 1,   T-Cell↑, 1,  

Hormonal & Nuclear Receptors ⓘ

AR↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

BioAv↓, 7,   BioAv↑, 4,   BioAv↝, 3,   BioAv⇅, 1,   BioEnh↑, 2,   ChemoSen↑, 13,   Dose∅, 2,   Dose↝, 3,   Dose?, 1,   eff↓, 11,   eff↑, 6,   eff↝, 2,   Half-Life↓, 1,   MRP1↓, 1,   P450↓, 1,   RadioS↑, 7,   selectivity↑, 7,  

Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ

AR↓, 1,   GutMicro↑, 1,   IL6↓, 2,   Ki-67↓, 2,   LDH?, 1,   PD-L1↓, 4,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

AntiCan↑, 3,   AntiCan↓, 1,   AntiTum↑, 1,   cardioP↑, 2,   chemoP↑, 1,   cognitive↑, 1,   hepatoP↑, 1,   OS↑, 1,   RenoP↑, 1,   toxicity↝, 1,   toxicity↓, 1,   TumVol↓, 2,   TumW↓, 1,  

Infection & Microbiome ⓘ

Sepsis↓, 1,  
Total Targets: 265

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells

Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

antiOx↑, 11,   antiOx↓, 1,   Catalase↑, 2,   Ferroptosis↓, 3,   GPx↑, 1,   GPx4∅, 1,   GSH↑, 2,   GSH↓, 1,   GSTs↑, 1,   HO-1↑, 4,   HO-1∅, 1,   lipid-P↓, 2,   MDA↓, 5,   MPO↓, 1,   p‑NRF2↑, 2,   NRF2↑, 6,   NRF2∅, 1,   NRF2↓, 1,   ROS↓, 17,   ROS∅, 3,   ROS?, 1,   SOD↑, 3,   SOD↓, 1,   uricA↓, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ

MMP↑, 3,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

12LOX↓, 6,   ACSL4∅, 1,   ALAT↓, 3,   p‑AMPK↑, 1,   AMPK↑, 1,   CRM↑, 1,   Glycolysis↓, 1,   HK2↓, 1,   PFK1↓, 1,   PKM2↓, 1,  

Cell Death ⓘ

Akt↓, 1,   Akt↑, 2,   p‑Akt↑, 1,   Apoptosis↓, 2,   Apoptosis↑, 1,   BAX↓, 2,   Bax:Bcl2↓, 1,   Bcl-2↑, 1,   Casp3∅, 1,   Casp9∅, 1,   Cyt‑c∅, 2,   DR4↓, 1,   Fas↓, 1,   Ferroptosis↓, 3,   iNOS↓, 4,   iNOS↑, 1,   JNK↓, 2,   MAPK↓, 2,   p38↓, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ

other↝, 1,  

DNA Damage & Repair ⓘ

DNAdam↓, 1,   P53↓, 1,   PARP∅, 1,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

ERK↑, 2,   ERK↓, 1,   FOXO3?, 1,   p‑GSK‐3β↑, 1,   GSK‐3β↓, 1,   PI3K↓, 1,   p‑STAT1↓, 1,   p‑STAT3↓, 2,   STAT3↓, 1,  

Migration ⓘ

p‑Ca+2↓, 1,   MMP2↓, 1,   MMP9↓, 1,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

Hif1a↓, 2,   NO↓, 2,   VEGF↓, 1,  

Barriers & Transport ⓘ

BBB↑, 2,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

COX2↓, 4,   IL1↓, 1,   IL10↑, 1,   IL1β↓, 3,   IL6↓, 4,   IL6↑, 1,   Inflam↓, 9,   p‑JAK1↓, 1,   p‑JAK2↓, 2,   MCP1↓, 1,   NF-kB↓, 7,   PGE2↓, 2,   TLR2↓, 1,   TLR4↓, 1,   TNF-α↓, 5,   TNF-α↑, 1,  

Synaptic & Neurotransmission ⓘ

BDNF↑, 1,   tau↓, 1,   p‑tau↓, 1,  

Protein Aggregation ⓘ

NLRP3↓, 1,   β-Amyloid↓, 2,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

BioAv↝, 6,   BioAv↓, 2,   BioAv↑, 4,   BioEnh↑, 1,   Dose↝, 3,   eff↑, 5,   Half-Life↝, 2,  

Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ

ALAT↓, 3,   AST↓, 3,   GutMicro↑, 1,   IL6↓, 4,   IL6↑, 1,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

AntiCan↓, 1,   AntiCan↑, 1,   AntiTum↑, 1,   cardioP↑, 4,   cognitive↑, 2,   hepatoP↑, 9,   neuroP↑, 12,   radioP↑, 1,   RenoP↑, 4,   toxicity∅, 2,   toxicity↓, 3,  
Total Targets: 118

Research papers

Year Title Authors PMID Link Flag
2026Anti-cancer effects of baicalein in non-small cell lung cancer in-vitro and in-vivoMary-Clare CathcartPMC5009689https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5009689/0
2026Baicalein inhibits the progression of thyroid cancer by suppressing the TPL2/MEK2/ERK2 pathwayNan WuPMC12890616https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12890616/0
2025Modulation of Neuroinflammation in Poststroke Rehabilitation: The Role of 12/15-Lipoxygenase Inhibition and BaicaleinAmir Tajbakhsh, PhD—https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/abs/10.1161/STROKEAHA.124.0490480
2025Study on the Molecular Mechanism of Baicalin Phosphorylation of Tau Protein Content in a Cell Model of Intervention Cognitive ImpairmentJuncheng Li—https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.2147/NDT.S4823620
2025Baicalein and baicalin in cancer therapy: Multifaceted mechanisms, preclinical evidence, and translational challengesXavier Capó—https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S00937754250006970
2025Therapeutic effects and mechanisms of action of Baicalein on stomach cancer: a comprehensive systematic literature reviewMingpeng CaoPMC12779847https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12779847/0
2025The Role of HK2 in Tumorigenesis and Development: Potential for Targeted Therapy with Natural ProductsKeren HePMC11843137https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11843137/0
2025Baicalein: unveiling the multifaceted marvel of hepatoprotection and beyondAshish Dogra40126088https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40126088/0
2024Baicalein triggers ferroptosis in colorectal cancer cells via blocking the JAK2/STAT3/GPX4 axisJian-qin Lai—https://www.nature.com/articles/s41401-024-01258-z0
2024Scutellaria baicalensis and its flavonoids in the treatment of digestive system tumorsKangning Zhao—https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2024.1483785/full0
2024Baicalein induces apoptosis by inhibiting the glutamine-mTOR metabolic pathway in lung cancerJingyang LiPMC11785570https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11785570/0
2024Potential therapeutic effects of baicalin and baicaleinKamyar SabryPMC11210699https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11210699/0
2024Significance of flavonoids targeting PI3K/Akt/HIF-1α signaling pathway in therapy-resistant cancer cells – A potential contribution to the predictive, preventive, and personalized medicineAlena Mazurakova—https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S20901232230006680
2024The most recent progress of baicalein in its anti-neoplastic effects and mechanismsChenjing Lei—https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S07533322240074670
2024Baicalein suppresses inflammation and attenuates acute lung injury by inhibiting glycolysis via HIF‑1α signalingZhongyou Liu—https://www.spandidos-publications.com/10.3892/mmr.2024.133830
2024Neuroprotective effects of baicalin and baicalein on the central nervous system and the underlying mechanismsLujia SiPMC11699331https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11699331/0
2024Baicalin and baicalein in modulating tumor microenvironment for cancer treatment: A comprehensive review with future perspectivesRuolei Wang—https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S10436618230038820
2024Research Progress of Scutellaria baicalensis in the Treatment of Gastrointestinal CancerLankang Wang, MD—https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/153473542413020490
2024Molecular targets and therapeutic potential of baicalein: a reviewKavita MunjalPMC11168303https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11168303/0
2024Baicalein Enhances Radiosensitivity in Colorectal Cancer via JAK2/STAT3 Pathway InhibitionQingqing Yu39152534https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39152534/0
2024Improved Bioavailability and Hepatoprotective Activity of Baicalein Via a Self-assembled Solutol HS15 Micelles SystemShuna Zhang37282637https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37282637/0
2024Baicalein alleviates cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury by inhibiting ALOX12-dependent ferroptosisShanshan Guo38805781https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38805781/0
2024Exploring baicalein: A natural flavonoid for enhancing cancer prevention and treatmentMadhu Hegde—https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S24058440241684050
2024Synergistic antitumor activity of baicalein combined with almonertinib in almonertinib-resistant non-small cell lung cancer cells through the reactive oxygen species-mediated PI3K/Akt pathwayTeng ChenPMC11322074https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11322074/0
2024Baicalein Alleviates Arsenic-induced Oxidative Stress through Activation of the Keap1/Nrf2 Signalling Pathway in Normal Human Liver CellsQi Wang36959142https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36959142/0
2024Baicalin and Baicalein Enhance Cytotoxicity, Proapoptotic Activity, and Genotoxicity of Doxorubicin and Docetaxel in MCF-7 Breast Cancer CellsJoanna Bernasinska-SlomczewskaPMC11173533https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11173533/0
2023Baicalein as Promising Anticancer Agent: A Comprehensive Analysis on Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic PerspectivesA K M Helal MorshedPMC10093079https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10093079/0
2023Baicalein Induces G2/M Cell Cycle Arrest Associated with ROS Generation and CHK2 Activation in Highly Invasive Human Ovarian Cancer CellsTzu-Chao Chuang—https://www.researchgate.net/publication/367297544_Baicalein_Induces_G2M_Cell_Cycle_Arrest_Associated_with_ROS_Generation_and_CHK2_Activation_in_Highly_Invasive_Human_Ovarian_Cancer_Cells0
2023Tumor cell membrane-coated continuous electrochemical sensor for GLUT1 inhibitor screeningJiaqian Zhao—https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S20951779230008250
2023Baicalein and luteolin inhibit ischemia/reperfusion-induced ferroptosis in rat cardiomyocyteI-Chieh Wang—https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S01675273220189390
2022Natural compounds targeting glycolysis as promising therapeutics for gastric cancer: A reviewMaoyuan ZhaoPMC9684197https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9684197/0
2022Natural Baicalein-Rich Fraction as Radiosensitizer in Combination with Bismuth Oxide Nanoparticles and Cisplatin for Clinical RadiotherapyNoor Nabilah Talik SisinPMC9448000https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9448000/0
2022Baicalein Inhibits the Progression and Promotes Radiosensitivity of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Targeting HIF-1ADongli GuoPMC9346416https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9346416/0
2022An overview of pharmacological activities of baicalin and its aglycone baicalein: New insights into molecular mechanisms and signaling pathwaysZhihua HuPMC9118284https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9118284/0
2022The Multifaceted Role of Baicalein in Cancer Management through Modulation of Cell Signalling PathwaysArshad Husain Rahmani—https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/22/80230
2022The effect of a static magnetic field and baicalin or baicalein interactions on amelanotic melanoma cell cultures (C32)Agnieszka Synowiec‑Wojtarowicz—https://www.researchgate.net/publication/357987947_The_effect_of_a_static_magnetic_field_and_baicalin_or_baicalein_interactions_on_amelanotic_melanoma_cell_cultures_C320
2022Baicalein May Act as a Caloric Restriction Mimetic Candidate to Improve the Antioxidant Profile in a Natural Rodent Model of AgingShambhoo Sharan Tripathi35316094https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35316094/0
2021Baicalein inhibits heparin-induced Tau aggregation by initializing non-toxic Tau oligomer formationShweta Kishor Sonawane—https://biosignaling.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12964-021-00704-30
2021Safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of oral baicalein tablets in healthy Chinese subjects: A single‐center, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled multiple‐ascending‐dose studyLijun LiPMC8504836https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8504836/0
2021Potential of baicalein in the prevention and treatment of cancer: A scientometric analyses based reviewElika Verma—https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S17564646210030910
2021Baicalein resensitizes tamoxifen‐resistant breast cancer cells by reducing aerobic glycolysis and reversing mitochondrial dysfunction via inhibition of hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1αYan ChenPMC8567056https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8567056/0
2021Flavonoids Targeting HIF-1: Implications on Cancer MetabolismMarek SamecPMC7794792https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7794792/0
2021Baicalin Inhibits EMT through PDK1/AKT Signaling in Human Nonsmall Cell Lung CancerJia ChenPMC8639265https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8639265/0
2020Baicalein inhibits KB oral cancer cells by inducing apoptosis via modulation of ROSS. Vijay—https://www.researchgate.net/publication/371719819_Baicalein_inhibits_KB_oral_cancer_cells_by_inducing_apoptosis_via_modulation_of_ROS0
2020Baicalein and Baicalin Promote Melanoma Apoptosis and Senescence via Metabolic InhibitionLan HuanPMC7477299https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7477299/0
2020Baicalein attenuates cardiac hypertrophy in mice via suppressing oxidative stress and activating autophagy in cardiomyocytesBing-yan LiuPMC8115069https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8115069/0
2020Radiotherapy Increases 12-LOX and CCL5 Levels in Esophageal Cancer Cells and Promotes Cancer Metastasis via THP-1-Derived MacrophagesSi MiPMC7415441https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7415441/0
2020Baicalein ameliorates ionizing radiation-induced injuries by rebalancing gut microbiota and inhibiting apoptosisMeifang Wang—https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S00243205203121690
2020Baicalin, a Potent Inhibitor of NF-κB Signaling Pathway, Enhances Chemosensitivity of Breast Cancer Cells to Docetaxel and Inhibits Tumor Growth and Metastasis Both In Vitro and In VivoAnqi ZengPMC7311669https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7311669/0
2019Activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway contributes to the protective effects of baicalein against oxidative stress-induced DNA damage and apoptosis in HEI193 Schwann cellsJae Yeob JeongPMC6332480https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6332480/0
2019Baicalein, as a Prooxidant, Triggers Mitochondrial Apoptosis in MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cells Through Mobilization of Intracellular Copper and Reactive Oxygen Species GenerationZheng-Hong LiuPMC6910096https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6910096/0
2019Hepatoprotective Effect of Baicalein Against Acetaminophen-Induced Acute Liver Injury in MiceHong-Chao Zhou—https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/1/1310
2019Baicalein and baicalin promote antitumor immunity by suppressing PD-L1 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma cellsMengyun Ke31437792https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31437792/0
2018Baicalein Enhances the Oral Bioavailability and Hepatoprotective Effects of Silybin Through the Inhibition of Efflux Transporters BCRP and MRP2Peng XuPMC6212553https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6212553/0
2018Baicalein sensitizes hepatocellular carcinoma cells to 5-FU and Epirubicin by activating apoptosis and ameliorating P-glycoprotein activityJun Li—https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S07533322173353820
2018A strategy to improve the oral availability of baicalein: The baicalein-theophylline cocrystalWen Li29936192https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29936192/0
2018Baicalein induces apoptosis and autophagy of breast cancer cells via inhibiting PI3K/AKT pathway in vivo and vitroWanjun YanPMC6248272https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6248272/0
2017Inhibiting reactive oxygen species-dependent autophagy enhanced baicalein-induced apoptosis in oral squamous cell carcinomaBo Li—https://www.researchgate.net/publication/313457079_Inhibiting_reactive_oxygen_species-dependent_autophagy_enhanced_baicalein-induced_apoptosis_in_oral_squamous_cell_carcinoma0
2017Baicalein: A review of its anti-cancer effects and mechanisms in Hepatocellular CarcinomaBeibei Bie28747003https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28747003/0
2017Baicalein as a potent neuroprotective agent: A reviewKandhasamy Sowndhararajan—https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S07533322173401430
2017Downregulation of ZFX is associated with inhibition of prostate cancer progression by baicaleinWenhui Zhu—https://tcr.amegroups.org/article/view/161700
2017Therapeutic potentials of baicalin and its aglycone, baicalein against inflammatory disordersBiswanath Dinda—https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S02235234173015380
2017Baicalein decreases uric acid and prevents hyperuricemic nephropathy in miceXiaolu MengPMC5522264https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5522264/0
2017Anticancer properties of baicalein: a reviewYing GaoPMC5166718https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5166718/0
2016Baicalein Induces Caspase‐dependent Apoptosis Associated with the Generation of ROS and the Activation of AMPK in Human Lung Carcinoma A549 CellsCheol Whee Park—https://www.researchgate.net/publication/298335734_Baicalein_Induces_Caspase-dependent_Apoptosis_Associated_with_the_Generation_of_ROS_and_the_Activation_of_AMPK_in_Human_Lung_Carcinoma_A549_Cells0
2016The Fascinating Effects of Baicalein on Cancer: A ReviewHui Liu—https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/17/10/16810
2016Role of Intestinal Microbiota in Baicalin-Induced Drug Interaction and Its PharmacokineticsKeumhan NohPMC6273104https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6273104/0
2016Baicalein induces apoptosis via ROS-dependent activation of caspases in human bladder cancer 5637 cellsEun-Ok Choi—https://www.researchgate.net/publication/304990724_Baicalein_induces_apoptosis_via_ROS-dependent_activation_of_caspases_in_human_bladder_cancer_5637_cells0
2016The Traditional Chinese Medicine Baicalein Potently Inhibits Gastric Cancer CellsJiasheng MuPMC4749366https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4749366/0
2016Baicalein Induces Caspase-dependent Apoptosis Associated with the Generation of ROS and the Activation of AMPK in Human Lung Carcinoma A549 CellsHong Jae Kim26971531https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26971531/0
2016Cardioprotective effects of baicalein on heart failure via modulation of Ca2 + handling proteins in vivo and in vitroFali Zhao—https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S00243205153012960
2015Baicalein, a Bioflavonoid, Prevents Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury by Up-Regulating Antioxidant Defenses and Down-Regulating the MAPKs and NF-κB PathwaysBidya Dhar SahuPMC4519041https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4519041/0
2015Baicalein Decreases Hydrogen Peroxide‐Induced Damage to NG108‐15 Cells via Upregulation of Nrf2Chao‐Hung Yeh25557231https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25557231/0
2015Baicalein, a Component of Scutellaria baicalensis, Attenuates Kidney Injury Induced by Myocardial Ischemia and ReperfusionChang-Chi Lai—https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Baicalein%2C-a-Component-of-Scutellaria-baicalensis%2C-Lai-Huang/16b5487109c26bdc67412a5813367ab73d5b35950
2015Baicalein induces human osteosarcoma cell line MG-63 apoptosis via ROS-induced BNIP3 expressionFangfan Ye—https://www.researchgate.net/publication/271389262_Baicalein_induces_human_osteosarcoma_cell_line_MG-63_apoptosis_via_ROS-induced_BNIP3_expression0
2015Baicalein inhibits prostate cancer cell growth and metastasis via the caveolin-1/AKT/mTOR pathwayZhaoxin GuoPMC4502300https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4502300/0
2015Baicalein reverses hypoxia-induced 5-FU resistance in gastric cancer AGS cells through suppression of glycolysis and the PTEN/Akt/HIF-1α signaling pathwayFenglin Chen25333894https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25333894/0
2014Inhibition of 12/15 lipoxygenase by baicalein reduces myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury via modulation of multiple signaling pathwaysLina Song24248985https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24248985/0
2014Preparation, pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of baicalin-loaded liposomesYumeng Wei—https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4128791/0
2014Baicalein Induces Apoptosis and Autophagy via Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Hepatocellular Carcinoma CellsZhongxia Wang—https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1155/2014/7325160
2013Comparative Pharmacokinetics of Baicalin, Wogonoside, Baicalein and Wogonin in Plasma after Oral Administration of Pure Baicalin, Radix Scutellariae and Scutellariae-Paeoniae Couple Extracts in Normal and Ulcerative Colitis RatsZhen-Qiu ZhangPMC3813259https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3813259/0
2013Baicalein induces apoptosis via a mitochondrial-dependent caspase activation pathway in T24 bladder cancer cellsHong-Liang Li23064738https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23064738/0
2013Baicalein reduces lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation via suppressing JAK/STATs activation and ROS productionZhilin Qi23743662https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23743662/0
2012Hepatoprotective effects of baicalein against CCl4-induced acute liver injury in miceHai-Li Huang—https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v18/i45/6605.htm0
2012Proteomic analysis of the effects of baicalein on colorectal cancer cellsWen-Shih Huang22539432https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22539432/0
2012Baicalein – An Intriguing Therapeutic Phytochemical in Pancreatic CancerGraham DonaldPMC3678518https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3678518/0
2011Studies on the Inhibitory Mechanisms of Baicalein in B16F10 Melanoma Cell ProliferationW.-H. Hsu—https://www.researchgate.net/publication/286217027_Studies_on_the_Inhibitory_Mechanisms_of_Baicalein_in_B16F10_Melanoma_Cell_Proliferation0
2010Baicalein inhibits melanogenesis through activation of the ERK signaling pathwayXiaohong Li20428797https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20428797/0
2010Common Botanical Compounds Inhibit the Hedgehog Signaling Pathway in Prostate CancerAnna SlusarzPMC4546096https://aacrjournals.org/cancerres/article/70/8/3382/562551/Common-Botanical-Compounds-Inhibit-the-Hedgehog0
2008Baicalein Overcomes Tumor Necrosis Factor–Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand Resistance via Two Different Cell-Specific Pathways in Cancer Cells but not in Normal CellsHiroya Taniguchi—https://aacrjournals.org/cancerres/article/68/21/8918/541808/Baicalein-Overcomes-Tumor-Necrosis-Factor-Related0
2008The role of Ca2+ in baicalein-induced apoptosis in human breast MDA-MB-231 cancer cells through mitochondria- and caspase-3-dependent pathwayJau-Hong Lee—https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18630529/0
2007Baicalein inhibition of hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis via ROS-dependent heme oxygenase 1 gene expressionHui-Yi Lin—https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S01674889070008940
2007Inhibition of 12-lipoxygenase during baicalein-induced human lung nonsmall carcinoma H460 cell apoptosisHenry W C Leung17050058https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17050058/0
2006Baicalein and 12/15-Lipoxygenase in the Ischemic BrainKlaus van Leyen, PhD—https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/01.STR.0000249004.25444.a50
2004Baicalein induces apoptosis through ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction pathway in HL-60 cellsJianwu Wang15375593https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15375593/0
2003Comparison of metabolic pharmacokinetics of baicalin and baicalein in ratsMiao-Ying Lai12631413https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12631413/0
2023Targeting Breast Cancer Stem CellsLu ZhangPMC9830502https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9830502/0
2010The effect of dietary polyphenols on the epigenetic regulation of gene expression in MCF7 breast cancer cellsJarosław Paluszczak19840838https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19840838/0