SREBP1 is a key transcription factor that regulates genes involved in fatty acid and triglyceride synthesis. It primarily governs lipid metabolism by controlling the expression of enzymes required for de novo lipogenesis, such as fatty acid synthase (FASN) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), among others.
Two main isoforms—SREBP1a and SREBP1c—with SREBP1c being more involved in the regulation of lipogenesis in metabolic tissues.
Many cancers display elevated levels of SREBP1 activity. Increased expression or activation of SREBP1 supports the metabolic reprogramming that is characteristic of cancer cells, enabling them to meet the enhanced lipid requirements for membrane synthesis and energy storage during rapid cell proliferation.
Elevated SREBP1 activity is often linked to more aggressive cancer phenotypes. High SREBP1 levels can drive rapid proliferation, metastasis, and resistance to certain therapies, thereby correlating with poorer clinical outcomes in several cancers.
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