Glutathione (GSH) is a ubiquitous tripeptide antioxidant that plays a key role in mitigating oxidative damage. GSH is oxidized by ROS to form a homodimer disulfide (GSSG).
The ratio between GSH and GSSG can be used as a metric to define the redox state of a cell, and imbalances in this ratio leading to excess GSSG can cause cell death.
GSH/GSSG ratio can be altered in various types of cancer, including breast, lung, colon, and prostate cancer. In general, increased GSH levels and decreased GSSG levels are associated with cancer progression and poor prognosis.
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