TLR2 is a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family, which plays a key role in the innate immune system by recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). TLR2 is unique in its ability to form heterodimers with other TLRs (such as TLR1 and TLR6) to broaden its ligand specificity.
TLR2 is often described as having a “double-edged sword” role. On one side, stimulation of TLR2 can enhance the immune system’s ability to detect and destroy tumor cells. On the other side, persistent TLR2 signaling may lead to a pro-tumorigenic environment characterized by the secretion of growth factors, angiogenic signals, and immune suppressive cytokines that facilitate tumor progression.
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