HSF1 is the master regulator of the heat shock response. When cells experience stress (e.g., heat, oxidative stress, hypoxia), HSF1 becomes activated and translocates to the nucleus.
– Beyond facilitating the immediate survival response to stress, HSF1 also regulates genes involved in protein folding, degradation, and overall cellular quality control.
Oncogenic Functions:
– In cancer, HSF1 is frequently hijacked to support malignant progression. It can promote several cancer hallmarks including cell proliferation, survival, invasion, and metastasis.
– Elevated HSF1 expression and activity have been observed in various tumor types, including breast, prostate, lung, and colorectal cancers.
– Elevated HSF1 expression/activity is generally associated with poor clinical outcomes, aggressive cancer behavior, and therapeutic resistance.
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