TGFβR1 (transforming growth factor-beta receptor type I) is a key signaling receptor in the TGF-β pathway. This pathway is well known for its dual roles in cancer—it can act as a tumor suppressor in normal and early-stage malignant cells but may promote tumor progression and metastasis in later stages.
Often overexpressed
Increased expression correlates with aggressive behavior and reduced survival.
Tumor Suppressor Versus Promoter:
Early Stages: TGF-β signaling, through receptors like TGFβR1, can inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis; hence, loss or reduced signaling in early stages may contribute to tumor initiation.
Advanced Stages: Many tumors hijack the TGF-β pathway to enhance invasive properties, suppress immune responses, and promote metastasis. In these situations, overexpression of TGFβR1 can contribute to a more aggressive phenotype.
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