Cuproptosis is a recently described form of regulated cell death that is distinct from other types such as apoptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis. It is primarily characterized by its direct dependence on copper and its interaction with mitochondrial processes.
-Cuproptosis begins with the intracellular accumulation of copper. This free copper binds directly to lipoylated proteins, which are enzymes involved in important mitochondrial metabolic processes such as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle.
-Protein Aggregation: The binding of copper to these lipoylated proteins induces their aggregation. This aggregation disrupts normal protein functions and compromises mitochondrial integrity.
Cuproptosis represents a unique form of regulated cell death driven by the accumulation of copper and its consequent interactions with mitochondrial lipoylated proteins.
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