RANKL (Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor κB Ligand, formally known as TNFSF11)
-High expression of RANKL (or increased activity of the RANK pathway) has been linked to a higher tendency for bone metastasis, particularly in certain subtypes (e.g., estrogen receptor–negative cancers).
-Activation of this pathway may predict poor outcomes in specific settings, though the direct prognostic significance of RANKL levels still calls for additional clinical validation.
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