Pin1 (Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase, NIMA-interacting 1) is a peptidyl-prolyl isomerase that specifically recognizes phosphorylated serine/threonine-proline motifs, thereby modulating the conformation and function of various proteins. This post-phosphorylation regulation can directly affect cell division, survival, and metastasis—all of which impact cancer progression.
High Pin1 expression in breast, pca, had and lung cancers is associated with more aggressive tumor behavior, increased metastatic potential, and poorer overall survival.
Inhibitors:
-Juglone (5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone) is one of the most widely studied natural inhibitors of Pin1.
-All‑trans Retinoic Acid (ATRA).
A metabolite of vitamin A, ATRA has been reported to inhibit Pin1 activity.
-EGCG
-Curcumin (Proposed)
Juglone is thought to act via direct covalent modifications of Pin1, whereas ATRA and EGCG likely interact through non-covalent binding.
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