TrxR2 is a mitochondrial selenoprotein that reduces oxidized Trx2, thereby preserving a reduced environment within the mitochondria.
• By maintaining mitochondrial redox homeostasis, TrxR2 contributes to cell survival, protects against oxidative stress, and helps regulate apoptosis.
• Its activity is especially critical in rapidly proliferating cells, such as cancer cells, which often experience elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS).
-In various cancers—such as breast, lung, and colorectal cancers—upregulation of TrxR2 has been linked to enhanced cell survival, resistance to oxidative stress, and, in some studies, poorer clinical outcomes.
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