Homocysteine is a sulfur-containing amino acid produced during the metabolism of methionine.
Elevated homocysteine levels and alterations in its metabolic enzymes have been associated with various pathological processes, including oxidative stress, DNA damage, and inflammation.
-Elevated plasma homocysteine levels (hyperhomocysteinemia) are a well‐established risk factor for cardiovascular diseases.
-Some studies have suggested that high levels of homocysteine might be associated with an increased risk of certain cancers.
-Vitamins like folate, B6, and B12 are key regulators of homocysteine metabolism, some research has examined whether supplementation might modulate cancer risk. However, clinical outcomes have been mixed and further research is needed.
-Various clinical trials have shown that the oral supplementation of folic acid, B6, and B12 vitamins significantly lowers circulating homocysteine levels.
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