R5P is a key metabolite in the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), where it plays a critical role in generating ribonucleotide precursors for RNA and DNA synthesis.
The PPP also produces NADPH, which is vital for reductive biosynthesis and protecting cells against oxidative stress.
R5P itself is a metabolite rather than a protein or gene product, its levels (or the activity of enzymes that regulate its production) have been associated with tumor biology and outcome in several cancer types. Much of the published data focuses on enzymes such as transketolase, transaldolase, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), which regulate R5P production.
-Elevated PPP activity—reflected in increased production of R5P—has been linked to enhanced cell proliferation, aggressive tumor behavior, and poorer prognosis across several cancer types including breast, lung, colorectal, hepatocellular carcinoma, and potentially gliomas.
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