The GNAS complex locus is a genomic region located on chromosome 20 that encodes the GNAS gene, which is responsible for producing the Gs alpha subunit of the G protein involved in various signaling pathways, particularly those related to hormone signaling and cell growth.
Activating mutations in the GNAS gene can lead to constitutive activation of signaling pathways, which may promote cell proliferation and survival. These mutations are often found in certain types of tumors, including pituitary adenomas and some thyroid cancers.
GNAS expression and mutations are associated with various cancers, particularly pituitary adenomas and some thyroid and colorectal cancers. The presence of GNAS mutations can influence tumor behavior and may be linked to poorer outcomes in certain contexts.
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