An enzyme that plays a crucial role in the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle), which is essential for cellular metabolism. Mutations in the IDH2 gene have been implicated in various types of cancer, particularly in hematological malignancies such as acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and certain brain tumors like gliomas.
IDH2 mutations often lead to a gain of function, resulting in the production of 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG), an oncometabolite. Elevated levels of 2-HG can disrupt normal cellular processes, including DNA and histone methylation, leading to altered gene expression and promoting tumorigenesis.
IDH2 (Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 2) is another enzyme involved in cellular metabolism, similar to IDH1. It is primarily located in the mitochondria and plays a role in the citric acid cycle. Mutations in the IDH2 gene are associated with various cancers, particularly acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and some solid tumors.
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