MLH1 (MutL Homolog 1) is a gene that plays a crucial role in the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) system. This system is responsible for correcting errors that occur during DNA replication.
Mutations or epigenetic changes in the MLH1 gene can lead to a deficiency in the mismatch repair system, which is associated with an increased risk of certain types of cancer.
In many cancers, particularly those associated with Lynch syndrome, MLH1 expression may be lost due to mutations in the gene itself or through epigenetic mechanisms such as promoter methylation.
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