TP53 is the most commonly mutated gene in human cancer. TP53 is a gene that encodes for the p53 tumor suppressor protein ; TP73 (Chr.1p36.33) and TP63 (Chr.3q28) genes that encode transcription factors p73 and p63, respectively, are TP53 homologous structures.
p53 is a crucial tumor suppressor protein that plays a significant role in regulating the cell cycle, maintaining genomic stability, and preventing tumor formation. It is often referred to as the "guardian of the genome" due to its role in protecting cells from DNA damage and stress.
TP53 gene, which encodes the p53 protein, is one of the most frequently mutated genes in human cancers.
Overexpression of MDM2, an inhibitor of p53, can lead to decreased p53 activity even in the presence of wild-type p53.
In some cancers, particularly those with mutant p53, there may be an overexpression of the p53 protein.
Cancers with overexpression: Breast, lung, colorectal, overian, head and neck, Esophageal, bladder, pancreatic, and liver.
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