The term "wildtype" refers to the normal, non-mutated form of the p53 protein. In this state, p53 is functional and can effectively carry out its tumor-suppressing activities.
Wildtype p53 can induce cell cycle arrest, promote DNA repair, initiate apoptosis (programmed cell death), and regulate other genes involved in these processes. It responds to various stress signals, such as DNA damage, hypoxia, and oncogene activation.
In Cancers with Wild-Type p53:
Intact p53 function is associated with better control of cell growth and an improved response to DNA damage.
Retention of wild-type p53 generally indicates a more favorable prognosis.
Wild-Type p53:
Classic tumor-suppressing role (i.e., anti-tumorigenic). It prevents the proliferation of cells with damaged DNA.
Mutant p53:
Can be considered protumorigenic due to loss of normal function and, in certain cases, due to “gain-of-function” activities.
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