The PI3K/Akt signaling pathway plays a crucial role in various cellular processes, including growth, proliferation, survival, and metabolism.
Pathway Components:
Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks): A family of enzymes that phosphorylate the inositol ring of phosphatidylinositol, leading to the production of phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate (PIP3).
Akt (Protein Kinase B): A serine/threonine kinase that is activated by PIP3. Once activated, Akt phosphorylates various substrates involved in cell survival and growth.
Overactivation can lead to uncontrolled cell growth.
Angiogenesis: Akt can promote the expression of pro-angiogenic factors, facilitating the formation of new blood vessels to supply tumors with nutrients and oxygen.
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