PTPN11, also known as SHP-2, is a protein tyrosine phosphatase that plays a crucial role in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, and survival. It is involved in signaling pathways that are activated by growth factors and cytokines.
PTPN11 plays a pivotal role in mediating key growth and survival pathways. In many cancers—notably certain leukemias and subsets of solid tumors—activating mutations or overexpression of PTPN11 contribute to oncogenesis by amplifying downstream signals such as RAS/MAPK and PI3K/AKT. These alterations are generally associated with more aggressive tumor behavior and poorer outcomes, making PTPN11 both a prognostic marker and a target for emerging therapeutic interventions.
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