YAP (Yes-associated protein) and TEAD (TEA domain transcription factors) are key components of the Hippo signaling pathway, which plays a crucial role in regulating cell growth, proliferation, and apoptosis.
Activation of YAP: In normal conditions, the Hippo pathway inhibits YAP activity, preventing excessive cell growth. However, when the Hippo pathway is inactivated (due to mutations or other factors), YAP becomes activated. This leads to increased cell proliferation and survival, contributing to tumorigenesis.
TEAD as a Transcription Factor: YAP interacts with TEAD proteins to drive the expression of target genes that promote cell growth and inhibit apoptosis. This YAP/TEAD complex is often found to be overactive in several types of cancer, including liver, breast, and lung cancers.
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