T-cell factor (Tcf) is a family of transcription factors that play a crucial role in the Wnt signaling pathway, which is important for cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Tcf proteins, particularly Tcf1, Tcf3, Tcf4, and Tcf7L2, interact with β-catenin, a key mediator of Wnt signaling, to regulate the expression of target genes involved in various cellular processes.
Tcf factors are involved in maintaining the properties of cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are thought to drive tumor initiation, metastasis, and resistance to therapy. The Wnt/Tcf signaling pathway is often activated in CSCs, promoting their self-renewal and survival.
Tcf4: Often overexpressed due to mutations in the APC gene, leading to increased Wnt signaling and tumorigenesis
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