Insulin-like Growth Factor 2 (IGF-2) is a protein that plays a significant role in growth and development, particularly during fetal development. It is part of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) family, which includes IGF-1 and IGF-2, and is involved in cellular growth, differentiation, and survival.
-IGF2 is a mitogenic polypeptide that is abundantly expressed in the brain, especially in the cortex and hippocampus, and is required for memory consolidation and enhancement.
IGF-2 is often overexpressed in various human cancers because the dysregulation of the differentially methylated region (DMR) on the maternal chromosome causes loss of imprinting (LOI).
Oncogenic Potential:
IGF-2 is considered an oncogene due to its role in promoting cell proliferation and survival. It activates signaling pathways such as the PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways, which are critical for cell growth and survival.
The overexpression of IGF-2 can lead to increased tumor cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis.
High levels of IGF-2 expression are often associated with a poor prognosis in various cancers.
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