The phosphorylation of eIF2α is carried out by a family of four kinases, PERK (PKR-like ER kinase), PKR (protein kinase double-stranded RNA-dependent), GCN2 (general control non-derepressible-2), and HRI (heme-regulated inhibitor).
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha (eIF2α) is a critical protein involved in the initiation of protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells. It plays a key role in regulating translation in response to various cellular stresses, including nutrient deprivation, oxidative stress, and viral infection. The phosphorylation status of eIF2α is particularly important, as it can influence cell survival, apoptosis, and the overall stress response.
The phosphorylation status of eIF2α can have significant prognostic implications in cancer. Elevated levels of phosphorylated eIF2α are often associated with poor prognosis in several cancer types, as they may indicate a tumor's ability to adapt to stress and survive in unfavorable conditions.
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