OSM is a protein that belongs to the interleukin-6 (IL-6) family of cytokines.
OSM has been shown to have both tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressing effects,
depending on the type of cancer and the context in which it is expressed.
Tumor-promoting effects:
Angiogenesis: OSM can stimulate the formation of new blood vessels, which is essential for tumor growth and metastasis.
Cell proliferation: OSM can promote the proliferation of cancer cells, particularly in breast, lung, and colon cancers.
Inflammation: OSM can induce the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which can create a tumor-friendly microenvironment.
Tumor-suppressing effects:
Apoptosis: OSM can induce apoptosis (programmed cell death) in certain types of cancer cells, such as melanoma and leukemia.
Anti-angiogenesis: OSM can also inhibit the formation of new blood vessels, which can limit tumor growth.
Immune response: OSM can stimulate the immune system to attack cancer cells, particularly in the context of immunotherapy.
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