Capicua homolog (CIC) is a transcriptional repressor that plays a significant role in regulating gene expression, particularly in the context of developmental processes and cellular responses to various signals. CIC is involved in several biological pathways, including those related to cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis.
It is known to interact with various signaling pathways, including the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) and RAS signaling pathways.
CIC is often considered a tumor suppressor gene. Loss of CIC function or expression can lead to the activation of oncogenic pathways, promoting uncontrolled cell proliferation and tumorigenesis.
CIC is frequently mutated or deleted in several types of cancer, including glioblastoma, lung cancer, and certain hematological malignancies. These alterations can lead to the loss of its repressive function, resulting in the upregulation of target genes that promote tumor growth.
The expression levels of CIC can serve as a prognostic marker in certain cancers. Low levels of CIC expression have been associated with poor prognosis and more aggressive disease in some studies.
CIC as a Gene (Capicua Transcriptional Repressor):
CIC acts as a tumor suppressor gene (TSG) in many contexts. Its loss or mutation—often identified in certain brain tumors and sarcomas—is considered a driver event in those cancers. By losing its normal function as a transcriptional repressor, abnormal expression of downstream genes can occur, contributing to cancer development.
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