Endonucleases are enzymes that play a crucial role in the maintenance of genome stability by cleaving the phosphodiester backbone of DNA. In the context of cancer, endonucleases can have both tumor-suppressing and tumor-promoting effects.
1. APEX1 (Apurinic/Apyrimidinic Endonuclease 1)
Cancers: Breast cancer, lung cancer, colorectal cancer
Prognosis: High expression is often associated with poor prognosis due to its role in DNA repair and resistance to chemotherapy.
2. FEN1 (Flap Endonuclease 1)
Cancers: Breast cancer, prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer
Prognosis: Overexpression is linked to increased tumor aggressiveness and poor survival rates.
3. EXO1 (Exonuclease 1)
Cancers: Colorectal cancer, ovarian cancer
Prognosis: High levels of EXO1 expression can correlate with poor prognosis and increased risk of metastasis.
4. DNase I (Deoxyribonuclease I)
Cancers: Various solid tumors
Prognosis: Altered expression levels can be indicative of tumor progression and immune evasion.
5. Caspase-3 (an endonuclease involved in apoptosis)
Cancers: Various cancers, including leukemia and solid tumors
Prognosis: High levels of active caspase-3 are often associated with increased apoptosis and may correlate with better treatment responses.
6. Rad51 (a recombinase with endonuclease activity)
Cancers: Breast cancer, ovarian cancer
Prognosis: Elevated expression is often linked to resistance to DNA-damaging therapies and poor prognosis.
7. MRE11 (part of the MRN complex)
Cancers: Breast cancer, lung cancer
Prognosis: Altered expression can indicate defects in DNA repair mechanisms, influencing treatment outcomes.
8. TDP1 (Tyrosyl-DNA Phosphodiesterase 1)
Cancers: Glioblastoma, breast cancer
Prognosis: High expression levels may be associated with resistance to certain chemotherapeutic agents.
9. UNG (Uracil-DNA Glycosylase)
Cancers: Colorectal cancer, lung cancer
Prognosis: Its expression can influence the mutation rate and may correlate with tumor aggressiveness.
10. LIG3 (DNA Ligase III)
Cancers: Various cancers, including breast and prostate cancer
Prognosis: Overexpression may be linked to enhanced DNA repair capabilities, contributing to treatment resistance.
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