Colony Stimulating Factor 1 Receptor (CSF1R), also known as the macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor (M-CSFR), is a receptor that plays a crucial role in the regulation of macrophage development, survival, and function. Its involvement in cancer has been increasingly recognized, particularly in the context of the tumor microenvironment and immune modulation.
CSF1R signaling can lead to the accumulation of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), which often exhibit an immunosuppressive phenotype that supports tumor growth and metastasis.
Inhibitors of CSF1R are being developed and tested in clinical trials to deplete TAMs or block their recruitment, with the aim of enhancing anti-tumor immunity and improving the efficacy of existing therapies.
CSF1R expression levels in tumors may serve as a biomarker for prognosis or response to therapy. High levels of CSF1R and associated TAMs have been correlated with poor outcomes in various cancers, including breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and glioblastoma.
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