FOXO3 (Forkhead Box O3) is a transcription factor that plays a critical role in regulating apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, and cellular stress responses.
• Positive Prognostic Marker
– In several cancers, higher nuclear FOXO3 expression (denoting active, transcriptionally functional FOXO3) is generally associated with a more favorable prognosis.
– Active FOXO3 can promote cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, thereby inhibiting tumor progression.
• Negative Prognostic Implications
– Conversely, reduced or cytoplasmically sequestered FOXO3 (often due to hyperactivation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway) has been linked to aggressive disease and poorer survival
– Loss of FOXO3 function can allow tumor cells to proliferate unchecked and resist apoptosis, which contributes to a worse outcome.
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