GSH Cancer Research Results

GSH, Glutathione: Click to Expand ⟱
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Glutathione (GSH) is a thiol antioxidant that scavenges reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in the formation of oxidized glutathione (GSSG). Decreased amounts of GSH and a decreased GSH/GSSG ratio in tissues are biomarkers of oxidative stress.
Glutathione is a powerful antioxidant found in every cell of the body, composed of three amino acids: cysteine, glutamine, and glycine. It plays a crucial role in protecting cells from oxidative stress, detoxifying harmful substances, and supporting the immune system.
cancer cells can have elevated levels of glutathione, which may help them survive in the oxidative environment created by the immune response and chemotherapy. This can make cancer cells more resistant to treatment.
While glutathione can be obtained from certain foods (like fruits, vegetables, and meats), its absorption from supplements is debated. Some people take N-acetylcysteine (NAC) or other precursors to boost glutathione levels, but the effects on cancer prevention or treatment are still being studied.
Depleting glutathione (GSH) to raise reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a strategy that has been explored in cancer research and therapy.
Many cancer cells have altered redox states and may rely on GSH to survive. Increasing ROS levels can induce stress in these cells, potentially leading to cell death.
Certain drugs and compounds can deplete GSH levels. For example, agents like buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) inhibit the synthesis of GSH, leading to its depletion.
Cancer cells tend to exhibit higher levels of intracellular GSH, possibly as an adaptive response to a higher metabolism and thus higher steady-state levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

"...intracellular glutathione (GSH) exhibits an astounding antioxidant activity in scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS)..."
"Cancer cells have a high level of GSH compared to normal cells."
"...cancer cells are affluent with high antioxidant levels, especially with GSH, whose appearance at an elevated concentration of ∼10 mM (10 times less in normal cells) detoxifies the cancer cells." "Therefore, GSH depletion can be assumed to be the key strategy to amplify the oxidative stress in cancer cells, enhancing the destruction of cancer cells by fruitful cancer therapy."

The loss of GSH is broadly known to be directly related to the apoptosis progression.
Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
3447- ALA,    Redox Active α-Lipoic Acid Differentially Improves Mitochondrial Dysfunction in a Cellular Model of Alzheimer and Its Control Cells
- in-vitro, AD, SH-SY5Y
*ATP↑, *MMP↑, *ROS↓, *GlucoseCon↑, *GSH↑, *neuroP↑, *cognitive↑, *Ach↑, *Inflam↓, *Aβ↓, OXPHOS↓,
3446- ALA,  CUR,    The Potential Protective Effect of Curcumin and α-Lipoic Acid on N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl) Acetamide-induced Hepatotoxicity Through Downregulation of α-SMA and Collagen III Expression
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*hepatoP↑, *α-SMA↓, *COL3A1↓, *ROS↓, *GSH↑, *ALAT↓, *AST↓, *ALP↓, *MDA↓,
3539- ALA,    Alpha-lipoic acid as a dietary supplement: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential
- Review, AD, NA
*ROS↓, *IronCh↑, *GSH↑, *antiOx↑, *NRF2↑, *MMP9↓, *VCAM-1↓, *NF-kB↓, *cognitive↑, *Inflam↓, *BioAv↝, *BioAv↝, *BBB↑, *H2O2∅, *neuroP↑, *PKCδ↑, *ERK↑, *MAPK↑, *PI3K↑, *Akt↑, *PTEN↓, *AMPK↑, *GLUT4↑, *GlucoseCon↑, *BP↝, *eff↑, *ICAM-1↓, *VCAM-1↓, *Dose↝,
3541- ALA,    Insights on alpha lipoic and dihydrolipoic acids as promising scavengers of oxidative stress and possible chelators in mercury toxicology
- Review, Var, NA
*antiOx↑, *IronCh↑, *GSH↑, *BBB↑, Apoptosis↑, MMP↓, ROS↑, lipid-P↑, PARP1↑, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, *NRF2↑, *GSH↑, *ROS↓, RenoP↑, ChemoSen↑, *BG↓,
3542- ALA,    Chelation: Harnessing and Enhancing Heavy Metal Detoxification—A Review
- Review, Var, NA
*antiOx↑, *VitE↑, *VitC↑, *GSH↑, *IronCh↑, *BioAv↑, *BBB↑,
3543- ALA,    The Effect of Lipoic Acid Therapy on Cognitive Functioning in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease
- Study, AD, NA
*cognitive↑, *antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, *neuroP↑, *Ach↑, *ROS↓, *GlucoseCon↑, *lipid-P↓, *GSH↑, *Acetyl-CoA↑,
3547- ALA,    Potential Therapeutic Effects of Lipoic Acid on Memory Deficits Related to Aging and Neurodegeneration
- Review, AD, NA - Review, Park, NA
*memory↑, *neuroP↑, *motorD↑, *VitC↑, *VitE↑, *GSH↑, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *GPx↑, *5HT↑, *lipid-P↓, *IronCh↑, *AChE↓, *Inflam↓, *GlucoseCon↑, *GLUT3↑, *GLUT4↑, NF-kB↓, *IGF-1↑, *IL1β↓, *TNF-α↓, *cognitive↑, *ChAT↑, *HO-1↑, *NQO1↑,
3545- ALA,    Potential therapeutic effects of alpha lipoic acid in memory disorders
- Review, AD, NA
*neuroP↑, *Inflam↓, *VCAM-1↓, *5HT↑, *memory↑, *BioAv↝, *Half-Life↓, *NF-kB↓, *antiOx↑, *IronCh↑, *ROS↓, *ATP↑, *ChAT↑, *Ach↑, *cognitive↑, *lipid-P↓, *VitC↑, *VitE↑, *GSH↑, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *GPx↑, *Aβ↓,
3544- ALA,    Alpha lipoic acid for dementia
- Review, AD, NA
*antiOx↑, *BBB↑, *VitC↑, *VitE↑, *GSH↑, *IronCh↑, *neuroP↑, *NO↓, *cognitive↑, *AntiAge↑, *memory↑, *ROS↓,
297- ALA,    Insights on the Use of α-Lipoic Acid for Therapeutic Purposes
- Review, BC, SkBr3 - Review, neuroblastoma, SK-N-SH - Review, AD, NA
PDH↑, TumCG↓, ROS↑, AMPK↑, EGR4↓, Half-Life↓, BioAv↝, *GSH↑, *IronCh↑, *ROS↓, *antiOx↑, *neuroP↑, *Ach↑, *lipid-P↓, *IL1β↓, *IL6↓, TumCP↓, FDG↓, Apoptosis↑, AMPK↑, mTOR↓, EGFR↓, TumCI↓, TumCMig↓, *memory↑, *BioAv↑, *BioAv↝, *other↓, *other↝, *Half-Life↓, *BioAv↑, *ChAT↑, *GlucoseCon↑,
5319- ALC,    l-carnitine and cancer cachexia: Clinical and experimental aspects
- Review, Var, NA
fatigue↓, QoL↑, *GSH↑, Dose↝,
1349- And,    Andrographolide promoted ferroptosis to repress the development of non-small cell lung cancer through activation of the mitochondrial dysfunction
- in-vitro, Lung, H460 - in-vitro, Lung, H1650
TumCG↓, TumMeta↓, Ferroptosis↑, ROS↑, MDA↑, Iron↑, GSH↓, GPx4↓, xCT↓, MMP↓, ATP↓,
1547- Api,    Apigenin: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential against Cancer Spreading
- Review, NA, NA
angioG↓, EMT↓, CSCs↓, TumCCA↑, Dose∅, ROS↑, MMP↓, Catalase↓, GSH↓, PI3K↓, Akt↓, NF-kB↓, OCT4↓, Nanog↓, SIRT3↓, SIRT6↓, eff↑, eff↑, Cyt‑c↑, Bax:Bcl2↑, p‑GSK‐3β↓, FOXO3↑, p‑STAT3↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, COX2↓, MMPs↓, NRF2↓, HDAC↓, Telomerase↓, eff↑, eff↑, eff↑, eff↑, eff↑, XIAP↓, survivin↓, CK2↓, HSP90↓, Hif1a↓, FAK↓, EMT↓,
1565- Api,    Apigenin-7-glucoside induces apoptosis and ROS accumulation in lung cancer cells, and inhibits PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway
- in-vitro, Lung, A549 - in-vitro, Nor, BEAS-2B - in-vitro, Lung, H1975
TumCP↓, Apoptosis↑, TumCMig↓, TumCI↓, Cyt‑c↑, MDA↑, GSH↓, ROS↑, PI3K↓, Akt↓, mTOR↓,
1564- Api,    Apigenin-induced prostate cancer cell death is initiated by reactive oxygen species and p53 activation
- in-vitro, Pca, 22Rv1 - in-vivo, NA, NA
MDM2↓, NF-kB↓, p65↓, P21↑, ROS↑, GSH↓, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑, Apoptosis↑, P53↑, eff↓, Bcl-xL↓, Bcl-2↓, BAX↑, Casp↑, TumCG↓, TumVol↓, TumW↓,
2317- Api,    Apigenin intervenes in liver fibrosis by regulating PKM2-HIF-1α mediated oxidative stress
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*hepatoP↑, *PKM2↓, *Hif1a↓, *MDA↓, *Catalase↓, *GSH↑, *SOD↑, *GPx↑, *TAC↑, *α-SMA↓, *Vim↓, *ROS↓,
3382- ART/DHA,    Repurposing Artemisinin and its Derivatives as Anticancer Drugs: A Chance or Challenge?
- Review, Var, NA
AntiCan↑, toxicity↑, Ferroptosis↑, ROS↑, TumCCA↑, BioAv↝, eff↝, Half-Life↓, Ferritin↓, GPx4↓, NADPH↓, GSH↓, BAX↑, Cyt‑c↑, cl‑Casp3↑, VEGF↓, IL8↓, COX2↓, MMP9↓, E-cadherin↑, MMP2↓, NF-kB↓, p16↑, CDK4↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, p62↓, LC3II↑, EMT↓, CSCs↓, Wnt↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, uPA↓, TumAuto↑, angioG↓, ChemoSen↑,
3384- ART/DHA,    Dihydroartemisinin triggers ferroptosis in primary liver cancer cells by promoting and unfolded protein response‑induced upregulation of CHAC1 expression
- in-vitro, Liver, Hep3B - in-vitro, Liver, HUH7 - in-vitro, Liver, HepG2
Ferroptosis↑, ROS↑, GSH↓, UPR↑, GPx4↓, PERK↑, eIF2α↑, ATF4↑,
3386- ART/DHA,    Effects of Caffeine-Artemisinin Combination on Liver Function and Oxidative Stress in Selected Organs in 7,12-Dimethylbenzanthracene-Treated Rats
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*MDA↑, *SOD↓, *GSH∅, *Catalase↓,
3387- ART/DHA,    Ferroptosis: A New Research Direction of Artemisinin and Its Derivatives in Anti-Cancer Treatment
- Review, Var, NA
BioAv↓, lipid-P↑, Ferroptosis↑, Iron↑, GPx4↓, GSH↓, P53↑, ER Stress↑, PERK↑, ATF4↑, GRP78/BiP↑, CHOP↑, ROS↑, NRF2↑,
3389- ART/DHA,    Emerging mechanisms and applications of ferroptosis in the treatment of resistant cancers
- Review, Var, NA
GSH↓, ROS↑, NRF2↑, eff↑,
3345- ART/DHA,    Dihydroartemisinin-induced unfolded protein response feedback attenuates ferroptosis via PERK/ATF4/HSPA5 pathway in glioma cells
- in-vitro, GBM, NA
ROS↑, Ferroptosis↑, lipid-P↑, HSP70/HSPA5↑, ER Stress↑, ATF4↑, GRP78/BiP↑, MDA↑, GSH↓, eff↑, GPx4↑,
3395- ART/DHA,    Artesunate Induces Ferroptosis in Hepatic Stellate Cells and Alleviates Liver Fibrosis via the ROCK1/ATF3 Axis
- in-vitro, NA, HSC-T6
*Ferroptosis↑, *GSH↓, *ROCK1↓,
5378- ART/DHA,    Natural Agents Modulating Ferroptosis in Cancer: Molecular Pathways and Therapeutic Perspectives
- Review, Var, NA
Ferroptosis↑, Iron↑, lipid-P↑, MOMP↑, AntiCan↑, NCOA4↑, GSH↓, GPx4↓, ROS↑, ChemoSen↑, ER Stress↑, DNAdam↑, angioG↓, TumCCA↑, eff↓,
5377- ART/DHA,    Dihydroartemisinin-induced ferroptosis in acute myeloid leukemia: links to iron metabolism and metallothionein
- in-vitro, AML, NA
AntiCan↑, Ferroptosis↑, Iron↑, Mets↑, eff↑, GSH↝, eff↑, other↓, eff↑, other↓,
2570- ART/DHA,    Discovery, mechanisms of action and combination therapy of artemisinin
- Review, Nor, NA
*BioAv↓, *Half-Life↓, *toxicity↓, *ROS↑, GSH↓, selectivity↑,
3676- Ash,    Effect of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) root extract on amelioration of oxidative stress and autoantibodies production in collagen-induced arthritic rats
- in-vivo, Arthritis, NA
*CRP↓, *ROS↓, *lipid-P↓, *GSTs↓, *GSH↑, *antiOx↑, *Inflam↓,
3176- Ash,    Apoptosis is induced in leishmanial cells by a novel protein kinase inhibitor withaferin A and is facilitated by apoptotic topoisomerase I-DNA complex
- in-vitro, NA, NA
PKCδ↓, TOP1∅, ROS↑, GSH↓, DNAdam↑, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑,
3172- Ash,    Implications of Withaferin A for the metastatic potential and drug resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma cells via Nrf2-mediated EMT and ferroptosis
- in-vitro, HCC, HepG2 - in-vitro, Nor, HL7702
Keap1↑, NRF2↓, EMT↓, TumCP↓, TumCI↓, selectivity↑, *toxicity↓, ROS↑, MDA↑, GSH↓, Ferroptosis↑,
3156- Ash,    Withaferin A: From ayurvedic folk medicine to preclinical anti-cancer drug
- Review, Var, NA
MAPK↑, p38↑, BAX↑, BIM↑, CHOP↑, ROS↑, DR5↑, Apoptosis↑, Ferroptosis↑, GPx4↓, BioAv↝, HSP90↓, RET↓, E6↓, E7↓, Akt↓, cMET↓, Glycolysis↓, TCA↓, NOTCH1↓, STAT3↓, AP-1↓, PI3K↓, eIF2α↓, HO-1↑, TumCCA↑, CDK1↓, *hepatoP↑, *GSH↑, *NRF2↑, Wnt↓, EMT↓, uPA↓, CSCs↓, Nanog↓, SOX2↓, CD44↓, lactateProd↓, Iron↑, NF-kB↓,
3163- Ash,  Rad,    Withaferin A, a steroidal lactone, selectively protects normal lymphocytes against ionizing radiation induced apoptosis and genotoxicity via activation of ERK/Nrf-2/HO-1 axis
*radioP↑, selectivity↑, *Casp3↓, *DNAdam↓, *ROS↓, *GSH↓, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *Catalase↑, *SOD↑, *Prx↑, *ERK↑,
3164- Ash,    Withaferin A alleviates fulminant hepatitis by targeting macrophage and NLRP3
*hepatoP↑, *IKKα↓, *NLRP3↓, *NRF2↑, *AMPK↑, *Inflam↓, *Apoptosis↓, *cl‑Casp3↓, *cl‑PARP1↓, *NLRP3↓, *ROS↓, *ALAT↓, *AST↓, *GSH↑,
4303- Ash,    Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera)—Current Research on the Health-Promoting Activities: A Narrative Review
- Review, AD, NA
*neuroP↑, *Sleep↑, *Inflam↓, *cardioP↑, *cognitive↑, *Aβ↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL1β↓, *IL6↓, *MCP1↓, *lipid-P↓, *tau↓, *ROS↓, *BBB↑, *AChE↓, *GSH↑, *GSTs↑, *GSR↑, *GPx↑, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, ChemoSen↑, *Strength↑,
5384- AsP,  MEL,    Synergistic Anticancer Effect of Melatonin and Ascorbyl Palmitate Nanoformulation: A Promising Combination for Cancer Therapy
- in-vivo, Var, NA
AntiCan↑, TumCG↓, Apoptosis↑, DNAdam↑, TumCCA↑, IL6↓, STAT3↓, TumCP↓, Ki-67↓, TumCI↓, TumMeta↓, MMP9↓, eff↑, *Catalase↑, *SOD↑, *GSH↑, *MDA↓, *NO↓, *antiOx↑, *hepatoP↑, *RenoP↑,
1146- AsP,    Potential use of nanoformulated ascorbyl palmitate as a promising anticancer agent: First comparative assessment between nano and free forms
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
TumCCA↑, Apoptosis↑, IL6↓, STAT3↓, angioG↓, TumMeta↓, VEGF↓, MMP9↓, SOD↑, Catalase↑, GSH↓, MDA↓, NO↓, *BioAv↑,
5362- AV,    Anti-cancer effects of aloe-emodin: a systematic review
- Review, Var, NA
AntiCan↑, eff↝, TumCP↓, TumCMig↓, TumCI↓, TumCCA↑, TumCD↑, MMP↓, ROS↑, Apoptosis↑, CDK1↓, CycB/CCNB1↓, Bcl-2↓, PCNA↓, ATP↓, ER Stress↑, cl‑Casp3↑, cl‑Casp9↑, cl‑PARP↑, MMP2↓, Ca+2↑, DNAdam↑, Akt↓, PKCδ↓, mTORC2↓, GSH↓, ChemoSen↑,
5506- Ba,    Improved Bioavailability and Hepatoprotective Activity of Baicalein Via a Self-assembled Solutol HS15 Micelles System
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*AST↓, *ALAT↓, *GSH↓, *SOD↓, *MDA↓, *hepatoP↑, *Inflam↓, BioAv↑,
2605- Ba,  BA,    Potential therapeutic effects of baicalin and baicalein
- Review, Var, NA - Review, Stroke, NA - Review, IBD, NA - Review, Arthritis, NA - Review, AD, NA - Review, Park, NA
cardioP↑, Inflam↓, cognitive↑, *hepatoP↑, *ROS?, *SOD↑, *GSH↑, *MMP↑, *GutMicro↑, ChemoSen↑, *TNF-α↓, *IL10↑, *IL6↓, *eff↑, *ROS↓, *COX2↓, *NF-kB↓, *STAT3↓, *PGE2↓, *MPO↓, *IL1β↓, *MMP2↓, *MMP9↓, *β-Amyloid↓, *neuroP↑, *Dose↝, *BioAv↝, *BioAv↝, *BBB↑, *BDNF↑,
2618- Ba,    Baicalein induces apoptosis by inhibiting the glutamine-mTOR metabolic pathway in lung cancer
- in-vitro, Lung, H1299 - in-vivo, Lung, A549
TumCG↓, TumCP↓, Apoptosis↑, GLUT1↓, GLS↓, mTOR↓, *toxicity∅, cl‑Casp9↓, cl‑Casp3↓, GSH↓, GlutMet↓,
2613- Ba,    Hepatoprotective Effect of Baicalein Against Acetaminophen-Induced Acute Liver Injury in Mice
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*hepatoP↑, *MDA↓, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *GSH↑, *MAPK↓, *p‑JAK2↓, *p‑STAT3↓, *ALAT↓, *AST↓, *ROS↓, *antiOx↑,
2296- Ba,    The most recent progress of baicalein in its anti-neoplastic effects and mechanisms
- Review, Var, NA
CDK1↓, Cyc↓, p27↑, P21↑, P53↑, TumCCA↑, TumCI↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, E-cadherin↑, N-cadherin↓, Vim↓, LC3A↑, p62↓, p‑mTOR↓, PD-L1↓, CAFs/TAFs↓, VEGF↓, ROCK1↓, Bcl-2↓, Bcl-xL↓, BAX↑, ROS↑, cl‑PARP↑, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, PTEN↑, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑, Ca+2↑, PERK↑, IRE1↑, CHOP↑, Copper↑, Snail↓, Vim↓, Twist↓, GSH↓, NRF2↓, HO-1↓, GPx4↓, XIAP↓, survivin↓, DR5↑,
1381- BBR,  Rad,    Berberine enhances the sensitivity of radiotherapy in ovarian cancer cell line (SKOV-3)
- in-vitro, Ovarian, SKOV3
RadioS↑, ROS↑, GSH↓, Apoptosis↑,
2689- BBR,    Berberine protects against glutamate-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in PC12 and N2a cells
- in-vitro, Nor, PC12 - in-vitro, AD, NA - in-vitro, Stroke, NA
*ROS↓, *lipid-P↓, *DNAdam↓, *GSH↑, *SOD↑, *eff↑, *cl‑Casp3↓, *BAX↓, *neuroP↑, *Dose↝, *Ca+2↓,
3684- BBR,    Neuroprotective effects of berberine in animal models of Alzheimer’s disease: a systematic review of pre-clinical studies
- Review, AD, NA
*Inflam↓, *antiOx↓, *AChE↓, *BChE↓, *MAOA↓, *MAOB↓, *lipid-P↓, *GSH↑, *ROS↓, *APP↓, *BACE↓, *p‑tau↓, *NF-kB↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL1β↓, *MAPK↓, *PI3K↓, *Akt↓, *neuroP↑, *memory↑,
4299- BBR,    Berberine attenuates cognitive impairment and ameliorates tau hyperphosphorylation by limiting the self-perpetuating pathogenic cycle between NF-κB signaling, oxidative stress and neuroinflammation
- in-vivo, AD, NA
*memory↑, *p‑tau↓, *NF-kB↓, *GSH↑, *lipid-P↓, *cognitive↑, *ROS↓, *Inflam↓,
2725- BetA,    Betulinic acid protects against renal damage by attenuation of oxidative stress and inflammation via Nrf2 signaling pathway in T-2 toxin-induced mice
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*RenoP↑, *SOD?, *Catalase↑, *GSH↑, *ROS↓, *MDA↓, *IL1β↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL10↓, *IL6↑, *NRF2↑,
2731- BetA,    Betulinic Acid for Glioblastoma Treatment: Reality, Challenges and Perspectives
- Review, GBM, NA - Review, Park, NA - Review, AD, NA
BBB↑, *GSH↑, *Catalase↑, *motorD↑, *neuroP↑, *cognitive↑, *ROS↓, *antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, MMP↓, STAT3↓, NF-kB↓, Sp1/3/4↓, TOP1↓, EMT↓, Hif1a↓, VEGF↓, ChemoSen↑, RadioS↑, BioAv↓,
2758- BetA,    Betulinic Acid Attenuates Oxidative Stress in the Thymus Induced by Acute Exposure to T-2 Toxin via Regulation of the MAPK/Nrf2 Signaling Pathway
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*ROS↓, *MDA↓, *SOD↑, *GSH↑, *p‑p38↓, *p‑JNK↓, *p‑ERK↓, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *MAPK↓, *heparanase↑, *antiOx↑,
2760- BetA,    A Review on Preparation of Betulinic Acid and Its Biological Activities
- Review, Var, NA - Review, Stroke, NA
AntiTum↑, Cyt‑c↑, Smad1↑, Sepsis↓, NF-kB↓, ICAM-1↓, MCP1↓, MMP9↓, COX2↓, PGE2↓, ERK↓, p‑Akt↓, *ROS↓, *LDH↓, *hepatoP↑, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *GSH↑, *AST↓, *ALAT↓, *RenoP↑, *ROS↓, *α-SMA↓,
2761- BetA,    Betulinic acid increases lifespan and stress resistance via insulin/IGF-1 signaling pathway in Caenorhabditis elegans
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
Insulin↓, IGF-1↓, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *GSH↑, *MDA↓, *antiOx?,

Showing Research Papers: 51 to 100 of 480
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* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 480

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

Catalase↓, 1,   Catalase↑, 1,   Copper↑, 1,   Ferroptosis↑, 9,   GPx4↓, 7,   GPx4↑, 1,   GSH↓, 18,   GSH↝, 1,   HO-1↓, 1,   HO-1↑, 1,   Iron↑, 5,   Keap1↑, 1,   lipid-P↑, 4,   MDA↓, 1,   MDA↑, 4,   Mets↑, 1,   NRF2↓, 3,   NRF2↑, 2,   OXPHOS↓, 1,   ROS↑, 18,   SIRT3↓, 1,   SOD↑, 1,   xCT↓, 1,  

Metal & Cofactor Biology ⓘ

Ferritin↓, 1,   NCOA4↑, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ

ATP↓, 2,   Insulin↓, 1,   MMP↓, 8,   XIAP↓, 2,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

AMPK↑, 2,   FDG↓, 1,   GLS↓, 1,   GlutMet↓, 1,   Glycolysis↓, 1,   lactateProd↓, 1,   NADPH↓, 1,   PDH↑, 1,   TCA↓, 1,  

Cell Death ⓘ

Akt↓, 4,   p‑Akt↓, 1,   Apoptosis↑, 10,   BAX↑, 4,   Bax:Bcl2↑, 1,   Bcl-2↓, 3,   Bcl-xL↓, 2,   BIM↑, 1,   Casp↑, 1,   Casp3↑, 2,   cl‑Casp3↓, 1,   cl‑Casp3↑, 2,   Casp9↑, 2,   cl‑Casp9↓, 1,   cl‑Casp9↑, 1,   CK2↓, 1,   Cyt‑c↑, 7,   DR5↑, 2,   Ferroptosis↑, 9,   MAPK↑, 1,   MDM2↓, 1,   MOMP↑, 1,   p27↑, 1,   p38↑, 1,   survivin↓, 2,   Telomerase↓, 1,   TumCD↑, 1,  

Kinase & Signal Transduction ⓘ

RET↓, 1,   Sp1/3/4↓, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ

other↓, 2,  

Protein Folding & ER Stress ⓘ

CHOP↑, 3,   eIF2α↓, 1,   eIF2α↑, 1,   ER Stress↑, 4,   GRP78/BiP↑, 2,   HSP70/HSPA5↑, 1,   HSP90↓, 2,   IRE1↑, 1,   PERK↑, 3,   UPR↑, 1,  

Autophagy & Lysosomes ⓘ

LC3A↑, 1,   LC3II↑, 1,   p62↓, 2,   TumAuto↑, 1,  

DNA Damage & Repair ⓘ

DNAdam↑, 4,   p16↑, 1,   P53↑, 3,   cl‑PARP↑, 2,   PARP1↑, 1,   PCNA↓, 1,   SIRT6↓, 1,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence ⓘ

CDK1↓, 3,   CDK4↓, 1,   Cyc↓, 1,   CycB/CCNB1↓, 1,   cycD1/CCND1↓, 1,   P21↑, 2,   TumCCA↑, 8,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

CD44↓, 1,   cMET↓, 1,   CSCs↓, 3,   EMT↓, 6,   ERK↓, 1,   FOXO3↑, 1,   p‑GSK‐3β↓, 1,   HDAC↓, 1,   IGF-1↓, 1,   mTOR↓, 3,   p‑mTOR↓, 1,   mTORC2↓, 1,   Nanog↓, 2,   NOTCH1↓, 1,   OCT4↓, 1,   PI3K↓, 3,   PTEN↑, 1,   SOX2↓, 1,   STAT3↓, 4,   p‑STAT3↓, 1,   TOP1↓, 1,   TOP1∅, 1,   TumCG↓, 5,   Wnt↓, 2,  

Migration ⓘ

AP-1↓, 1,   Ca+2↑, 2,   CAFs/TAFs↓, 1,   E-cadherin↑, 2,   FAK↓, 1,   Ki-67↓, 1,   MMP2↓, 4,   MMP9↓, 6,   MMPs↓, 1,   N-cadherin↓, 1,   PKCδ↓, 2,   ROCK1↓, 1,   Smad1↑, 1,   Snail↓, 1,   TumCI↓, 6,   TumCMig↓, 3,   TumCP↓, 6,   TumMeta↓, 3,   Twist↓, 1,   uPA↓, 2,   Vim↓, 2,   β-catenin/ZEB1↓, 1,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

angioG↓, 4,   ATF4↑, 3,   EGFR↓, 1,   EGR4↓, 1,   Hif1a↓, 2,   NO↓, 1,   VEGF↓, 4,  

Barriers & Transport ⓘ

BBB↑, 1,   GLUT1↓, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

COX2↓, 3,   ICAM-1↓, 1,   IL6↓, 2,   IL8↓, 1,   Inflam↓, 1,   MCP1↓, 1,   NF-kB↓, 7,   p65↓, 1,   PD-L1↓, 1,   PGE2↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

BioAv↓, 2,   BioAv↑, 1,   BioAv↝, 3,   ChemoSen↑, 7,   Dose↝, 1,   Dose∅, 1,   eff↓, 2,   eff↑, 13,   eff↝, 2,   Half-Life↓, 2,   RadioS↑, 2,   selectivity↑, 3,  

Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ

E6↓, 1,   E7↓, 1,   EGFR↓, 1,   Ferritin↓, 1,   IL6↓, 2,   Ki-67↓, 1,   PD-L1↓, 1,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

AntiCan↑, 5,   AntiTum↑, 1,   cardioP↑, 1,   cognitive↑, 1,   fatigue↓, 1,   QoL↑, 1,   RenoP↑, 1,   toxicity↑, 1,   TumVol↓, 1,   TumW↓, 1,  

Infection & Microbiome ⓘ

Sepsis↓, 1,  
Total Targets: 191

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

antiOx?, 1,   antiOx↓, 1,   antiOx↑, 12,   Catalase↓, 2,   Catalase↑, 10,   Ferroptosis↑, 1,   GPx↑, 4,   GSH↓, 3,   GSH↑, 28,   GSH∅, 1,   GSR↑, 1,   GSTs↓, 1,   GSTs↑, 1,   H2O2∅, 1,   HO-1↑, 3,   lipid-P↓, 9,   MDA↓, 8,   MDA↑, 1,   MPO↓, 1,   NQO1↑, 1,   NRF2↑, 7,   Prx↑, 1,   ROS?, 1,   ROS↓, 23,   ROS↑, 1,   SOD?, 1,   SOD↓, 2,   SOD↑, 12,   TAC↑, 1,   VitC↑, 4,   VitE↑, 4,  

Metal & Cofactor Biology ⓘ

IronCh↑, 7,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ

ATP↑, 2,   MMP↑, 2,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

Acetyl-CoA↑, 1,   ALAT↓, 5,   AMPK↑, 2,   GlucoseCon↑, 5,   LDH↓, 1,   PKM2↓, 1,  

Cell Death ⓘ

Akt↓, 1,   Akt↑, 1,   Apoptosis↓, 1,   BAX↓, 1,   Casp3↓, 1,   cl‑Casp3↓, 2,   Ferroptosis↑, 1,   p‑JNK↓, 1,   MAPK↓, 3,   MAPK↑, 1,   p‑p38↓, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ

Ach↑, 4,   other↓, 1,   other↝, 1,  

DNA Damage & Repair ⓘ

DNAdam↓, 2,   cl‑PARP1↓, 1,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

ERK↑, 2,   p‑ERK↓, 1,   IGF-1↑, 1,   PI3K↓, 1,   PI3K↑, 1,   PTEN↓, 1,   STAT3↓, 1,   p‑STAT3↓, 1,  

Migration ⓘ

APP↓, 1,   Ca+2↓, 1,   COL3A1↓, 1,   heparanase↑, 1,   MMP2↓, 1,   MMP9↓, 2,   PKCδ↑, 1,   ROCK1↓, 1,   VCAM-1↓, 3,   Vim↓, 1,   α-SMA↓, 3,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

Hif1a↓, 1,   NO↓, 2,  

Barriers & Transport ⓘ

BBB↑, 6,   GLUT3↑, 1,   GLUT4↑, 2,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

COX2↓, 1,   CRP↓, 1,   ICAM-1↓, 1,   IKKα↓, 1,   IL10↓, 1,   IL10↑, 1,   IL1β↓, 6,   IL6↓, 3,   IL6↑, 1,   Inflam↓, 12,   p‑JAK2↓, 1,   MCP1↓, 1,   NF-kB↓, 5,   PGE2↓, 1,   TNF-α↓, 5,  

Synaptic & Neurotransmission ⓘ

5HT↑, 2,   AChE↓, 3,   BChE↓, 1,   BDNF↑, 1,   ChAT↑, 3,   MAOA↓, 1,   tau↓, 1,   p‑tau↓, 2,  

Protein Aggregation ⓘ

Aβ↓, 3,   BACE↓, 1,   MAOB↓, 1,   NLRP3↓, 2,   β-Amyloid↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

BioAv↓, 1,   BioAv↑, 4,   BioAv↝, 6,   Dose↝, 3,   eff↑, 3,   Half-Life↓, 3,  

Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ

ALAT↓, 5,   ALP↓, 1,   AST↓, 5,   BG↓, 1,   BP↝, 1,   CRP↓, 1,   GutMicro↑, 1,   IL6↓, 3,   IL6↑, 1,   LDH↓, 1,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

AntiAge↑, 1,   cardioP↑, 1,   cognitive↑, 9,   hepatoP↑, 9,   memory↑, 6,   motorD↑, 2,   neuroP↑, 12,   radioP↑, 1,   RenoP↑, 3,   Sleep↑, 1,   Strength↑, 1,   toxicity↓, 2,   toxicity∅, 1,  
Total Targets: 137

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: GSH, Glutathione
32 Thymoquinone
22 Curcumin
21 Silver-NanoParticles
21 Quercetin
20 Piperlongumine
19 Silymarin (Milk Thistle) silibinin
18 Alpha-Lipoic-Acid
17 Shikonin
13 Sulforaphane (mainly Broccoli)
12 Phenethyl isothiocyanate
11 Resveratrol
11 Sulfasalazine
11 Selenite (Sodium)
10 Radiotherapy/Radiation
10 Allicin (mainly Garlic)
10 Artemisinin
10 Rosmarinic acid
9 Boron
9 Selenium
9 Lycopene
8 diet Methionine-Restricted Diet
8 Luteolin
7 3-bromopyruvate
7 Ashwagandha(Withaferin A)
7 Chemotherapy
7 Juglone
7 Propolis -bee glue
7 Selenium NanoParticles
6 Betulinic acid
6 Propyl gallate
5 Apigenin (mainly Parsley)
5 Melatonin
5 Baicalein
5 erastin
5 Carvacrol
5 Chlorogenic acid
5 Chrysin
5 Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)
4 Cisplatin
4 Berberine
4 Carnosic acid
4 Copper and Cu NanoParticles
4 Honokiol
4 Magnetic Fields
4 Parthenolide
3 2-DeoxyGlucose
3 Auranofin
3 chitosan
3 doxorubicin
3 Piperine
3 Pterostilbene
3 Rutin
3 Aflavin-3,3′-digallate
2 Ascorbyl Palmitate
2 Bromelain
2 brusatol
2 Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE)
2 Thymol-Thymus vulgaris
2 Gemcitabine (Gemzar)
2 Chocolate
2 Ellagic acid
2 EGCG (Epigallocatechin Gallate)
2 Ferulic acid
2 Fisetin
2 HydroxyTyrosol
2 Magnetic Field Rotating
2 Methylsulfonylmethane
2 salinomycin
1 cetuximab
1 Anthocyanins
1 Astragalus
1 Photodynamic Therapy
1 Camptothecin
1 Glucose
1 Ajoene (compound of Garlic)
1 Acetyl-l-carnitine
1 Andrographis
1 Aloe anthraquinones
1 Baicalin
1 Ras-selective lethal 3
1 Boswellia (frankincense)
1 Butyrate
1 Caffeic acid
1 Capsaicin
1 Cat’s Claw
1 chemodynamic therapy
1 Chlorophyllin
1 Citric Acid
1 Crocetin
1 Black phosphorus
1 SonoDynamic Therapy UltraSound
1 Galantamine
1 Cysteamine
1 Emodin
1 Exercise
1 Shilajit/Fulvic Acid
1 Gallic acid
1 Garcinol
1 Ginkgo biloba
1 γ-linolenic acid (Borage Oil)
1 Hydrogen Gas
1 Hydroxycinnamic-acid
1 Hyperthermia
1 Metformin
1 Moringa oleifera
1 Mushroom Lion’s Mane
1 Myricetin
1 N-Acetyl-Cysteine
1 Naringin
1 Oleuropein
1 Phenylbutyrate
1 Plumbagin
1 Orlistat
1 Scoulerine
1 polyethylene glycol
1 Anti-oxidants
1 Date Fruit Extract
1 Sesame seeds and Oil
1 Docetaxel
1 Shankhpushpi
1 Squalene
1 Glutathione
1 Taurine
1 methotrexate
1 Ursolic acid
1 Urolithin
1 Vitamin B12
1 Folic Acid, Vit B9
1 VitK3,menadione
1 immunotherapy
1 Vitamin K2
1 probiotics
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:%  prod#:%  Target#:137  State#:%  Dir#:%
  wNotes=0  sortOrder:rid,rpid

 

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