NRF2 Cancer Research Results

NRF2, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2: Click to Expand ⟱
Source: TCGA
Type: Antiapoptotic
Nrf2 is responsible for regulating an extensive panel of antioxidant enzymes involved in the detoxification and elimination of oxidative stress. Thought of as "Master Regulator" of antioxidant response.
-One way to estimate Nrf2 induction is through the expression of NQO1.
NQO1, the most potent inducer:
SFN 0.2 μM,
quercetin (2.5 μM),
curcumin (2.7 μM),
Silymarin (3.6 μM),
tamoxifen (5.9 μM),
genistein (6.2 μM ),
beta-carotene (7.2μM),
lutein (17 μM),
resveratrol (21 μM),
indol-3-carbinol (50 μM),
chlorophyll (250 μM),
alpha-cryptoxanthin (1.8 mM),
and zeaxanthin (2.2 mM)

1. Raising Nrf2 enhances the cell's antioxidant defenses and ↓ROS. This strategy is used to decrease chemo-radio side effects.
2. Downregulating Nrf2 lowers antioxidant defenses and ↑ROS. In cancer cells this leads to DNA damage, and cell death.
3. However there are some cases where increasing Nrf2 paradoxically causes an increase in ROS (cancer cells). Such as cases of Mitochondial overload, signal crosstalk, reductive stress

-In some cases, Nrf2 is overexpressed in cancer cells, which can lead to the activation of genes involved in cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. This can contribute to the development of resistance to chemotherapy and targeted therapies.
-Increased Nrf2 expression: Lung, Breast, Colorectal, Prostrate.
Decreased Nrf2 expression: Skine, Liver, Pancreatic.
-Nrf2 is a cytoprotective transcription factor which demonstrated both a negative effect as well as a positive effect on cancer
- "promotes Nrf2 translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus," means facilitates the movement of Nrf2 into the nucleus, thereby enhancing the cell's antioxidant and cytoprotective responses. -Major regulator of Nrf2 activity in cells is the cytosolic inhibitor Keap1.

Nrf2 Inhibitors and Activators
Nrf2 Inhibitors: Brusatol, Luteolin, Trigonelline, VitC, Retinoic acid, Chrysin
Nrf2 Activators: SFN, OPZ EGCG, Resveratrol, DATS, CUR, CDDO, Api
- potent Nrf2 inducers from plants include sulforaphane, curcumin, EGCG, resveratrol, caffeic acid phenethyl ester, wasabi, cafestol and kahweol (coffee), cinnamon, ginger, garlic, lycopene, rosemany

Nrf2 plays dual roles in that it can protect normal tissues against oxidative damage and can act as an oncogenic protein in tumor tissue.
– In healthy tissues, NRF2 activation helps protect cells from oxidative damage and maintains cellular homeostasis.
– In many cancers, constitutive activation of NRF2 (often through mutations in NRF2 itself or loss-of-function mutations in KEAP1) leads to an enhanced antioxidant capacity.
– This upregulation can promote tumor cell survival by enabling cancer cells to thrive under oxidative stress, resist chemotherapeutic agents, and sustain metabolic reprogramming.
– Elevated NRF2 levels have been implicated in promoting tumor growth, metastasis, and resistance to therapy in various malignancies.
– High or sustained NRF2 activity is frequently associated with aggressive tumor phenotypes, poorer prognosis, and decreased overall survival in several cancer types.
– While its activation is essential for protecting normal cells from oxidative stress, aberrant or sustained NRF2 activation in tumor cells can lead to enhanced survival, therapeutic resistance, and tumor progression.

NRF2 inhibitors: (to decrease antioxidant defenses and increase cell death from ROS).
-Brusatol: most cited natural inhibitors of Nrf2.
-Luteolin: luteolin can reduce Nrf2 activity in specific cancer models and may enhance cell sensitivity to chemotherapy. However, luteolin is also known as an antioxidant, and its influence on Nrf2 can sometimes be context dependent.
-Apigenin: certain studies to down‑regulate Nrf2 in cancer cells: Dose and context dependent .
-Oridonin:
-Wogonin: although its effects might be cell‑ and dose‑specific.
- Withaferin A

Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
1358- Ash,    Withaferin A: A Dietary Supplement with Promising Potential as an Anti-Tumor Therapeutic for Cancer Treatment - Pharmacology and Mechanisms
- Review, Var, NA
TumCCA↑, Apoptosis↑, TumAuto↑, Ferroptosis↑, TumCP↓, CSCs↓, TumMeta↓, EMT↓, angioG↓, Vim↓, HSP90↓, annexin II↓, m-FAM72A↓, BCR-ABL↓, Mortalin↓, NRF2↓, cMYB↓, ROS↑, ChemoSen↑, eff↑, ChemoSen↑, ChemoSen↑, eff↑, *BioAv↓, ROCK1↓, TumCI↓, Sp1/3/4↓, VEGF↓, Hif1a↓, EGFR↓,
3174- Ash,    Withaferin A Acts as a Novel Regulator of Liver X Receptor-α in HCC
- in-vitro, HCC, HepG2 - in-vitro, HCC, Hep3B - in-vitro, HCC, HUH7
NF-kB↓, angioG↓, Inflam↓, TumCP↓, TumCMig↓, TumCI↓, Sp1/3/4↓, VEGF↓, angioG↓, uPA↓, PDGF↓, MCP1↓, ICAM-1↓, *NRF2↑, *hepatoP↑,
3173- Ash,    Nano-targeted induction of dual ferroptotic mechanisms eradicates high-risk neuroblastoma
- in-vitro, neuroblastoma, NA
GPx4↓, HO-1↑, lipid-P↑, Keap1↓, NRF2↑, Ferroptosis↑,
3172- Ash,    Implications of Withaferin A for the metastatic potential and drug resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma cells via Nrf2-mediated EMT and ferroptosis
- in-vitro, HCC, HepG2 - in-vitro, Nor, HL7702
Keap1↑, NRF2↓, EMT↓, TumCP↓, TumCI↓, selectivity↑, *toxicity↓, ROS↑, MDA↑, GSH↓, Ferroptosis↑,
3156- Ash,    Withaferin A: From ayurvedic folk medicine to preclinical anti-cancer drug
- Review, Var, NA
MAPK↑, p38↑, BAX↑, BIM↑, CHOP↑, ROS↑, DR5↑, Apoptosis↑, Ferroptosis↑, GPx4↓, BioAv↝, HSP90↓, RET↓, E6↓, E7↓, Akt↓, cMET↓, Glycolysis↓, TCA↓, NOTCH1↓, STAT3↓, AP-1↓, PI3K↓, eIF2α↓, HO-1↑, TumCCA↑, CDK1↓, *hepatoP↑, *GSH↑, *NRF2↑, Wnt↓, EMT↓, uPA↓, CSCs↓, Nanog↓, SOX2↓, CD44↓, lactateProd↓, Iron↑, NF-kB↓,
3160- Ash,    Withaferin A: A Pleiotropic Anticancer Agent from the Indian Medicinal Plant Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal
- Review, Var, NA
TumCCA↑, H3↑, P21↑, cycA1/CCNA1↓, CycB/CCNB1↓, cycE/CCNE↓, CDC2↓, CHK1↓, Chk2↓, p38↑, MAPK↑, E6↓, E7↓, P53↑, Akt↓, FOXO3↑, ROS↑, γH2AX↑, MMP↓, mitResp↓, eff↑, TumCD↑, Mcl-1↓, ER Stress↑, ATF4↑, ATF3↑, CHOP↑, NOTCH↓, NF-kB↓, Bcl-2↓, STAT3↓, CDK1↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, N-cadherin↓, EMT↓, Cyt‑c↑, eff↑, CDK4↓, p‑RB1↓, PARP↑, cl‑Casp3↑, cl‑Casp9↑, NRF2↑, ER-α36↓, LDHA↓, lipid-P↑, AP-1↓, COX2↓, RenoP↑, PDGFR-BB↓, SIRT3↑, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, NADPH↑, NQO1↑, GSR↑, HO-1↑, *SOD2↑, *Prx↑, *Casp3?, eff↑, Snail↓, Slug↓, Vim↓, CSCs↓, HEY1↓, MMPs↓, VEGF↓, uPA↓, *toxicity↓, CDK2↓, CDK4↓, HSP90↓,
3161- Ash,    Withaferin A inhibits ferroptosis and protects against intracerebral hemorrhage
- in-vivo, Stroke, NA
*neuroP↑, *MDA↓, *ROS↓, *SOD↑, *GPx↑, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑,
3163- Ash,  Rad,    Withaferin A, a steroidal lactone, selectively protects normal lymphocytes against ionizing radiation induced apoptosis and genotoxicity via activation of ERK/Nrf-2/HO-1 axis
*radioP↑, selectivity↑, *Casp3↓, *DNAdam↓, *ROS↓, *GSH↓, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *Catalase↑, *SOD↑, *Prx↑, *ERK↑,
3164- Ash,    Withaferin A alleviates fulminant hepatitis by targeting macrophage and NLRP3
*hepatoP↑, *IKKα↓, *NLRP3↓, *NRF2↑, *AMPK↑, *Inflam↓, *Apoptosis↓, *cl‑Casp3↓, *cl‑PARP1↓, *NLRP3↓, *ROS↓, *ALAT↓, *AST↓, *GSH↑,
3166- Ash,    Exploring the Multifaceted Therapeutic Potential of Withaferin A and Its Derivatives
- Review, Var, NA
*p‑PPARγ↓, *cardioP↑, *AMPK↑, *BioAv↝, *Half-Life↝, *Half-Life↝, *Dose↑, *chemoPv↑, IL6↓, STAT3↓, ROS↓, OXPHOS↓, PCNA↓, LDH↓, AMPK↑, TumCCA↑, NOTCH3↓, Akt↓, Bcl-2↓, Casp3↑, Apoptosis↑, eff↑, NF-kB↓, CSCs↓, HSP90↓, PI3K↓, FOXO3↑, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, N-cadherin↓, EMT↓, FASN↓, ACLY↓, ROS↑, NRF2↑, HO-1↑, NQO1↑, JNK↑, mTOR↓, neuroP↑, *TNF-α↓, *IL1β↓, *IL6↓, *IL8↓, *IL18↓, RadioS↑, eff↑,
4678- Ash,    Identification of Withaferin A as a Potential Candidate for Anti-Cancer Therapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
- vitro+vivo, NSCLC, H1975
ROS↑, AntiTum↑, CSCs↓, mTOR↓, STAT3↓, ChemoSen↑, Keap1↑, NRF2↓,
5425- ASTX,    Multiple roles of fucoxanthin and astaxanthin against Alzheimer's disease: Their pharmacological potential and therapeutic insights
- in-vivo, AD, NA
*neuroP↑, *antiOx↑, *Inflam↑, *AChE↓, *BACE↓, *MAOA↓, *Aβ↓, *memory↑, *MDA↓, *SOD↑, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *NF-kB↓, *GSK‐3β↓, *ChAT↑, *iNOS↓, *ROS↓, *BBB↑,
4815- ASTX,    The Promising Effects of Astaxanthin on Lung Diseases
- Review, Var, NA
Dose↑, *BioAv↝, *BioAv↝, *antiOx↑, *NRF2↑, *ERK↓,
4804- ASTX,    Astaxanthin in cancer therapy and prevention (Review)
- Review, Var, NA - Review, AD, NA
*antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, ChemoSen⇅, chemoP↑, BioAv↑, TumCP↑, ROS⇅, Apoptosis↑, PI3K↑, Akt↑, GSK‐3β↑, NRF2↑, AntiCan↑, *neuroP↑, eff↑, AntiTum↑,
5508- Ba,    Neuroprotective effects of baicalin and baicalein on the central nervous system and the underlying mechanisms
- Review, Stroke, NA - Review, Park, NA - Review, AD, NA
*neuroP↑, *antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, *BioAv↝, *BioAv↑, *Half-Life↝, *TLR4↓, *NF-kB↓, *iNOS↓, *COX2↓, *TNF-α↓, *12LOX↓, *NLRP3↓, *ROS↓, *IL1β↓, *IL6↓, *GSK‐3β↓, *NRF2↑, *BBB↑, *SOD↑, *GPx↑, *MDA↓,
5501- Ba,    Therapeutic effects and mechanisms of action of Baicalein on stomach cancer: a comprehensive systematic literature review
- Review, GC, NA
AntiCan↑, Apoptosis↑, TumCP↓, TumMeta↓, BAX↑, TumAuto↑, ROS↑, NRF2↝, PI3K↓, Akt↓, NF-kB↓, TGF-β↓, SMAD4↓, GPx4↓, MMP↓, *HO-1↑, *GSTs↑, *antiOx↑, *AntiTum↑, *NRF2↑, ChemoSen↑, Akt↓, mTOR↓, FAK↓, Ki-67↓,
4305- Ba,    Study on the Molecular Mechanism of Baicalin Phosphorylation of Tau Protein Content in a Cell Model of Intervention Cognitive Impairment
- in-vitro, NA, SH-SY5Y
*cognitive↑, *p‑Akt↑, *p‑GSK‐3β↑, *p‑tau↓, *neuroP↑, *NF-kB↓, *AMPK↑, *NRF2↑,
1530- Ba,    Baicalein Decreases Hydrogen Peroxide‐Induced Damage to NG108‐15 Cells via Upregulation of Nrf2
- in-vitro, Nor, NG108-15
*12LOX↓, *ROS↓, *NRF2↑, *eff↑,
1527- Ba,    Baicalein Alleviates Arsenic-induced Oxidative Stress through Activation of the Keap1/Nrf2 Signalling Pathway in Normal Human Liver Cells
- in-vitro, Nor, MIHA
*p‑NRF2↑, *ROS↓, *MDA↓, *antiOx↑,
2623- Ba,    Activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway contributes to the protective effects of baicalein against oxidative stress-induced DNA damage and apoptosis in HEI193 Schwann cells
- in-vitro, Nor, HEI193
*DNAdam↓, *ROS↓, *Bax:Bcl2↓, *p‑NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *neuroP↑, *MMP↑,
2625- Ba,  LT,    Baicalein and luteolin inhibit ischemia/reperfusion-induced ferroptosis in rat cardiomyocyte
- in-vivo, Stroke, NA
*lipid-P↓, *ACSL4∅, *NRF2∅, *GPx4∅, *Ferroptosis↓, *ROS↓, *MDA↓, *eff↑, *HO-1∅,
2627- Ba,  Cisplatin,    Baicalein, a Bioflavonoid, Prevents Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury by Up-Regulating Antioxidant Defenses and Down-Regulating the MAPKs and NF-κB Pathways
RenoP↑, *iNOS↑, *TNF-α↓, *IL6↓, *NF-kB↓, *MAPK↓, *ERK↓, *JNK↓, *antiOx↑, *NRF2↓, *HO-1↑, *Cyt‑c∅, *Casp3∅, *Casp9∅, *PARP∅,
2617- Ba,    Potential of baicalein in the prevention and treatment of cancer: A scientometric analyses based review
- Review, Var, NA
Ca+2↑, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, Vim↓, Snail↓, E-cadherin↑, Wnt↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, p‑Akt↓, p‑mTOR↓, NF-kB↓, i-ROS↑, Bcl-2↓, BAX↑, Cyt‑c↑, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, STAT3↓, IL6↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, NOTCH↓, PPARγ↓, p‑NRF2↓, HK2↓, LDHA↓, PDK1↓, Glycolysis↓, PTEN↑, Akt↓, Hif1a↓, MMP↓, VEGF↓, VEGFR2↓, TOP2↓, uPA↓, TIMP1↓, TIMP2↓, cMyc↓, TrxR↓, ASK1↑, Vim↓, ZO-1↑, E-cadherin↑, SOX2↓, OCT4↓, Shh↓, Smo↓, Gli1↓, N-cadherin↓, XIAP↓,
2626- Ba,    Molecular targets and therapeutic potential of baicalein: a review
- Review, Var, NA - Review, AD, NA - Review, Stroke, NA
AntiCan↓, *neuroP↑, *cardioP↑, *hepatoP↑, *RenoP↑, TumCCA↑, CDK4↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, cycE/CCNE↑, BAX↑, Bcl-2↓, VEGF↓, Hif1a↓, cMyc↓, NF-kB↓, ROS↑, BNIP3↑, *neuroP↑, *cognitive↑, *NO↓, *iNOS↓, *COX2↓, *PGE2↓, *NRF2↑, *p‑AMPK↑, *Ferroptosis↓, *lipid-P↓, *ALAT↓, *AST↓, *Fas↓, *BAX↓, *Apoptosis↓,
2292- Ba,  BA,    Baicalin and baicalein in modulating tumor microenvironment for cancer treatment: A comprehensive review with future perspectives
- Review, Var, NA
AntiCan↑, *toxicity↓, BioAv↝, BioAv↓, *ROS↓, *TLR2↓, *NF-kB↓, *NRF2↑, *antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, HDAC1↓, HDAC8↓, Wnt↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, PD-L1↓, Sepsis↓, NF-kB↓, LOX1↓, COX2↓, VEGF↑, PI3K↓, Akt↓, mTOR↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, SIRT1↑, AMPK↑,
2296- Ba,    The most recent progress of baicalein in its anti-neoplastic effects and mechanisms
- Review, Var, NA
CDK1↓, Cyc↓, p27↑, P21↑, P53↑, TumCCA↑, TumCI↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, E-cadherin↑, N-cadherin↓, Vim↓, LC3A↑, p62↓, p‑mTOR↓, PD-L1↓, CAFs/TAFs↓, VEGF↓, ROCK1↓, Bcl-2↓, Bcl-xL↓, BAX↑, ROS↑, cl‑PARP↑, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, PTEN↑, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑, Ca+2↑, PERK↑, IRE1↑, CHOP↑, Copper↑, Snail↓, Vim↓, Twist↓, GSH↓, NRF2↓, HO-1↓, GPx4↓, XIAP↓, survivin↓, DR5↑,
5536- BBM,    Regulation of Cell-Signaling Pathways by Berbamine in Different Cancers
- Review, Var, NA
JAK↝, STAT3↓, p‑CaMKII ↓, TGF-β↑, Smad1↑, ChemoSen↑, RadioS↑, TumCI↓, TumCMig↓, ROS↑, NRF2↓, SOD2↓, GPx1↓, HO-1↓,
5551- BBM,    Berbamine Suppresses the Progression of Bladder Cancer by Modulating the ROS/NF-κB Axis
- vitro+vivo, Bladder, NA
tumCV↓, TumCP↓, TumCCA↑, P21↑, p27↑, cycD1/CCND1↓, cycA1/CCNA1↓, CDK2↓, EMT↓, TumMeta↓, p65↓, p‑p65↓, IKKα↓, NF-kB↑, ROS↑, NRF2↓, HO-1↓, SOD2↓, GPx1↓, Bax:Bcl2↑, TumVol↓,
5552- BBM,    Effects of berbamine against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury: Activation of the 5' adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase/nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor pathway and changes in the mitochondrial state
- in-vivo, Stroke, NA
*eff↑, *ROS↓, *mtDam↓, *AMPK↑, *NRF2↑, *NADPH↑, *HO-1↑, *cardioP↑,
2021- BBR,    Berberine: An Important Emphasis on Its Anticancer Effects through Modulation of Various Cell Signaling Pathways
- Review, NA, NA
*antiOx?, *Inflam↓, Apoptosis↑, TumCCA↑, BAX↑, eff↑, VEGF↓, PI3K↓, Akt↓, mTOR↓, Telomerase↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, Wnt↓, EGFR↓, AP-1↓, NF-kB↓, COX2↑, NRF2↓, RadioS↑, STAT3↓, ERK↓, AR↓, ROS↑, eff↑, selectivity↑, selectivity↑, BioAv↓, DNMT1↓, cMyc↓,
1385- BBR,  5-FU,    Low-Dose Berberine Attenuates the Anti-Breast Cancer Activity of Chemotherapeutic Agents via Induction of Autophagy and Antioxidation
- in-vitro, BC, MCF-7 - in-vitro, BC, MDA-MB-231
eff↓, ROS↑, TumCP↑, NRF2↑, ChemoSen↓,
1392- BBR,    Based on network pharmacology and experimental validation, berberine can inhibit the progression of gastric cancer by modulating oxidative stress
- in-vitro, GC, AGS - in-vitro, GC, MKN45
TumCG↓, TumCMig↓, ROS↑, MDA↑, SOD↓, NRF2↓, HO-1↓, Hif1a↓, EMT↓, Snail↓, Vim↓,
1389- BBR,  Lap,    Berberine reverses lapatinib resistance of HER2-positive breast cancer cells by increasing the level of ROS
- in-vitro, BC, BT474 - in-vitro, BC, AU-565
ChemoSen↑, Apoptosis↑, ROS↑, NRF2↓,
1380- BBR,  doxoR,    treatment with ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and JNK inhibitor SP600125 could partially attenuate apoptosis and DNA damage triggered by DCZ0358.
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*ROS↓, *MDA↓, *SOD↑, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑,
3678- BBR,    Network pharmacology study on the mechanism of berberine in Alzheimer’s disease model
- Review, AD, NA
*APP↓, *PPARγ↑, *NF-kB↓, *Aβ↓, *cognitive↑, *antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, *Apoptosis↓, *BioAv↑, *BioAv↝, *BBB↑, *motorD↑, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *ROS↓, *p‑Akt↑, *p‑ERK↑,
5633- BCA,    Mechanisms Behind the Pharmacological Application of Biochanin-A: A review
- Review, Var, NA - Review, AD, NA
*AntiDiabetic↑, *neuroP↑, *toxicity↓, *CYP19↓, p‑Akt↓, mTOR↓, TumCCA↑, P21↑, Casp3↑, Bcl-2↑, Apoptosis↑, E-cadherin↓, TumMeta↓, eff↑, GSK‐3β↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, RadioS↑, ROS↑, Casp1↑, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, EGFR↓, ChemoSen↑, PI3K↓, MMPs↓, Hif1a↓, VEGF↓, *ROS↓, *Obesity↓, *cardioP↑, *NRF2↑, *NF-kB↓, *Inflam↓, *lipid-P↓, *hepatoP↑, *AST↓, *ALP↓, *Bacteria↓, *neuroP↑, *SOD↑, *GPx↑, *AChE↓, *BACE↓, *memory↑, *BioAv↓,
6517- BCP,    β-Caryophyllene Ameliorates Cyclophosphamide Induced Cardiac Injury: The Association of TLR4/NFκB and Nrf2/HO1/NQO1 Pathways
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*cardioP↑, *lipid-P↓, *antiOx↑, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *NQO1↑, *TLR4↓, *NF-kB↓, *Inflam↓, *Apoptosis↓,
6515- BCP,  Xan,    Advancing Brain Health Naturally: β-Caryophyllene and Xanthohumol as Neuroprotective Agents
- Review, AD, NA
*neuroP↑, *BioAv↝, *CB2 / CNR2↑, *Inflam↓, *iNOS↓, *IL1β↓, *IL6↓, *TNF-α↓, *NF-kB↓, *COX1↓, *COX2↓, *PPARα↑, *PPARγ↑, *ROS↓, *tau↓, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *AChE↓, *BChE↓, *BioAv↓,
6511- BCP,    Improvement of Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction by β-Caryophyllene: A Focus on the Nervous System
- Review, AD, NA
*CB2 / CNR2↑, *Bacteria↓, *antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, *NP/CIPN↓, *neuroP↑, AntiCan↑, *ROS↓, *mtDam↓, *GSH↑, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *lipid-P↓, *IL1β↓, *IL6↓, *TNF-α↓, *COX2↓, *iNOS↓, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *AChE↓,
6503- BCP,    The Potential Therapeutic Role of Beta-Caryophyllene as a Chemosensitizer and an Inhibitor of Angiogenesis in Cancer
- Review, Var, NA
ChemoSen↑, angioG↓, TumCI↓, TumMeta↓, ROS↑, *ROS↓, chemoP↑, CB2 / CNR2↑, Inflam↓, AntiTum↑, *BioAv↑, *BBB↑, Apoptosis↑, TumCP↑, TumCCA↑, RadioS↑, DNArepair↓, ROS↑, STAT3↓, *BioEnh↑, Pain↓, AntiBio↓, ROS↑, Dose↝, NF-kB↓, MAPK↓, TNF-α↓, IL1β↓, IL6↓, cl‑PARP↑, Casp↑, BAX↑, Bcl-2↓, VEGF↓, VEGFR2↓, MMP2↓, p‑p38↓, p‑ERK↓, EPR↑, P-gp↓, MRP1/ABCC1↓, *NRF2↑, *antiOx↑,
6507- BCP,    Exploring β-caryophyllene: a non-psychotropic cannabinoid's potential in mitigating cognitive impairment induced by sleep deprivation
- Review, AD, NA
*cognitive↑, *Inflam↓, *ROS↓, *TLR4↓, *NF-kB↓, *NLRP3↓, *MAPK↓, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *PI3K↑, *Akt↑, *cAMP↑, *PKA↑, *CREB↑,
6510- BCP,  CBD,    Cannabidiol and Beta-Caryophyllene Combination Attenuates Diabetic Neuropathy by Inhibiting NLRP3 Inflammasome/NFκB through the AMPK/sirT3/Nrf2 Axis
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*MMP↓, *ROS↑, *BloodF↑, *Pain↓, *antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, *AMPK↑, *SIRT3↑, *NRF2↑, *PINK1↑, *PARK2↑, *LC3B↑, *Beclin-1↑, *TFAM↑, *NLRP3↓, *NF-kB↓, *COX2↓, *p62↓, *NP/CIPN↓,
2725- BetA,    Betulinic acid protects against renal damage by attenuation of oxidative stress and inflammation via Nrf2 signaling pathway in T-2 toxin-induced mice
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*RenoP↑, *SOD?, *Catalase↑, *GSH↑, *ROS↓, *MDA↓, *IL1β↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL10↓, *IL6↑, *NRF2↑,
2757- BetA,    Betulinic Acid Inhibits Glioma Progression by Inducing Ferroptosis Through the PI3K/Akt and NRF2/HO-1 Pathways
- in-vitro, GBM, U251
tumCV↓, TumCMig↓, TumCI↓, Apoptosis↑, p‑PI3K↓, p‑Akt↓, Ferroptosis↑, HO-1↑, NRF2↑,
2758- BetA,    Betulinic Acid Attenuates Oxidative Stress in the Thymus Induced by Acute Exposure to T-2 Toxin via Regulation of the MAPK/Nrf2 Signaling Pathway
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*ROS↓, *MDA↓, *SOD↑, *GSH↑, *p‑p38↓, *p‑JNK↓, *p‑ERK↓, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *MAPK↓, *heparanase↑, *antiOx↑,
2759- BetA,    Chemopreventive and Chemotherapeutic Potential of Betulin and Betulinic Acid: Mechanistic Insights From In Vitro, In Vivo and Clinical Studies
- Review, Var, NA
chemoPv↑, ChemoSen↑, *Inflam↓, *NRF2↑, *NF-kB↓, *COX2↓, ROS↑, MMP↓, Sp1/3/4↓, VEGF↓,
2756- BetA,    Betulinic acid inhibits growth of hepatoma cells through activating the NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy pathway
- in-vitro, HCC, HUH7 - in-vitro, HCC, H1299
TumCP↓, ROS↑, antiOx↓, TumCG↓, TumCMig↓, NRF2↓, GPx4↓, HO-1↓, NCOA4↑, FTH1↓, Ferritin↑, Ferroptosis↑, GSH↓, MDA↓,
5686- BJ,  BRU,    A review of Brucea javanica: metabolites, pharmacology and clinical application
- Review, Var, NA
AntiTum↑, other↝, ChemoSen↑, QoL↑, chemoP↑, *Inflam↓, NF-kB↓, TumCP↓, TumCI↓, TumMeta↓, Hif1a↓, NRF2↓, STAT3↓, COX2↓, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, ROS↑, EGFR↓, NRF2↑,
5690- BJ,  BRU,    Brusatol: A potential sensitizing agent for cancer therapy from Brucea javanica
- Review, Var, NA
NRF2↓, TumCG↓, ChemoSen↑, ROS↑, NF-kB↓, Akt↓, mTOR↓, TumCCA↑, Apoptosis↑, PARP↑, Casp↑, P53↓, Bcl-2↓, PI3K↓, JAK2↓, EMT↓, p27↑, ROCK1↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, NRF2↓, AntiTum↑, HO-1↓, NQO1↓, VEGF↓, MRP1/ABCC1↓, RadioS↑, PhotoS↑, toxicity↝,
3517- Bor,  Se,    The protective effects of selenium and boron on cyclophosphamide-induced hepatic oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in rats
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*hepatoP↑, *ALAT↓, *AST↓, *ALP↓, *NF-kB↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL1β↓, *IL6↓, *IL10↑, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *MDA↓, *GSH↑, *GPx↑, *antiOx↑, *NRF2↑, *Keap1↓,

Showing Research Papers: 51 to 100 of 506
Prev Page 2 of 11 Next

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 506

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


NA, unassigned ⓘ

AntiBio↓, 1,   CB2 / CNR2↑, 1,  

Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

antiOx↓, 1,   ATF3↑, 1,   Copper↑, 1,   Ferroptosis↑, 6,   GPx1↓, 2,   GPx4↓, 5,   GSH↓, 3,   GSR↑, 1,   HO-1↓, 6,   HO-1↑, 5,   Iron↑, 1,   Keap1↓, 1,   Keap1↑, 2,   lipid-P↑, 2,   MDA↓, 1,   MDA↑, 2,   NQO1↓, 1,   NQO1↑, 2,   NRF2↓, 13,   NRF2↑, 7,   NRF2↝, 1,   p‑NRF2↓, 1,   OXPHOS↓, 1,   ROS↓, 1,   ROS↑, 23,   ROS⇅, 1,   i-ROS↑, 1,   SIRT3↑, 1,   SOD↓, 1,   SOD2↓, 2,   TrxR↓, 1,  

Metal & Cofactor Biology ⓘ

Ferritin↑, 1,   FTH1↓, 1,   NCOA4↑, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ

BCR-ABL↓, 1,   CDC2↓, 1,   mitResp↓, 1,   MMP↓, 5,   Mortalin↓, 1,   XIAP↓, 2,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

ACLY↓, 1,   AMPK↑, 2,   cMyc↓, 3,   FASN↓, 1,   Glycolysis↓, 2,   HK2↓, 1,   lactateProd↓, 1,   LDH↓, 1,   LDHA↓, 2,   NADPH↑, 1,   PDK1↓, 1,   PPARγ↓, 1,   SIRT1↑, 1,   TCA↓, 1,  

Cell Death ⓘ

Akt↓, 9,   Akt↑, 1,   p‑Akt↓, 3,   Apoptosis↑, 11,   ASK1↑, 1,   BAX↑, 7,   Bax:Bcl2↑, 1,   Bcl-2↓, 7,   Bcl-2↑, 1,   Bcl-xL↓, 1,   BIM↑, 1,   Casp↑, 2,   Casp1↑, 1,   Casp3↑, 5,   cl‑Casp3↑, 1,   Casp9↑, 3,   cl‑Casp9↑, 1,   Chk2↓, 1,   Cyt‑c↑, 3,   DR5↑, 2,   Ferroptosis↑, 6,   HEY1↓, 1,   JNK↑, 1,   MAPK↓, 1,   MAPK↑, 2,   Mcl-1↓, 1,   p27↑, 3,   p38↑, 2,   p‑p38↓, 1,   survivin↓, 1,   Telomerase↓, 1,   TumCD↑, 1,  

Kinase & Signal Transduction ⓘ

p‑CaMKII ↓, 1,   RET↓, 1,   Sp1/3/4↓, 3,  

Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ

H3↑, 1,   other↝, 1,   PhotoS↑, 1,   tumCV↓, 2,  

Protein Folding & ER Stress ⓘ

CHOP↑, 3,   eIF2α↓, 1,   ER Stress↑, 1,   HSP90↓, 4,   IRE1↑, 1,   PERK↑, 1,  

Autophagy & Lysosomes ⓘ

BNIP3↑, 1,   LC3A↑, 1,   p62↓, 1,   TumAuto↑, 2,  

DNA Damage & Repair ⓘ

CHK1↓, 1,   DNArepair↓, 1,   DNMT1↓, 1,   m-FAM72A↓, 1,   P53↓, 1,   P53↑, 2,   PARP↑, 2,   cl‑PARP↑, 2,   PCNA↓, 1,   γH2AX↑, 1,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence ⓘ

CDK1↓, 3,   CDK2↓, 2,   CDK4↓, 3,   Cyc↓, 1,   cycA1/CCNA1↓, 2,   CycB/CCNB1↓, 1,   cycD1/CCND1↓, 2,   cycE/CCNE↓, 1,   cycE/CCNE↑, 1,   P21↑, 4,   p‑RB1↓, 1,   TumCCA↑, 11,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

CD44↓, 1,   cMET↓, 1,   cMYB↓, 1,   CSCs↓, 5,   EMT↓, 8,   ERK↓, 1,   p‑ERK↓, 1,   FOXO3↑, 2,   Gli1↓, 1,   GSK‐3β↓, 1,   GSK‐3β↑, 1,   HDAC1↓, 1,   HDAC8↓, 1,   mTOR↓, 7,   p‑mTOR↓, 2,   Nanog↓, 1,   NOTCH↓, 2,   NOTCH1↓, 1,   NOTCH3↓, 1,   OCT4↓, 1,   PI3K↓, 7,   PI3K↑, 1,   p‑PI3K↓, 1,   PTEN↑, 2,   Shh↓, 1,   Smo↓, 1,   SOX2↓, 2,   STAT3↓, 9,   TOP2↓, 1,   TumCG↓, 3,   Wnt↓, 4,  

Migration ⓘ

annexin II↓, 1,   AP-1↓, 3,   Ca+2↑, 2,   CAFs/TAFs↓, 1,   E-cadherin↓, 1,   E-cadherin↑, 3,   ER-α36↓, 1,   FAK↓, 1,   Ki-67↓, 1,   MMP2↓, 8,   MMP9↓, 7,   MMPs↓, 2,   N-cadherin↓, 4,   PDGF↓, 1,   ROCK1↓, 3,   Slug↓, 1,   Smad1↑, 1,   SMAD4↓, 1,   Snail↓, 4,   TGF-β↓, 1,   TGF-β↑, 1,   TIMP1↓, 1,   TIMP2↓, 1,   TumCI↓, 8,   TumCMig↓, 5,   TumCP↓, 7,   TumCP↑, 3,   TumMeta↓, 6,   Twist↓, 1,   uPA↓, 4,   Vim↓, 7,   ZO-1↑, 1,   β-catenin/ZEB1↓, 6,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

angioG↓, 4,   ATF4↑, 1,   EGFR↓, 4,   EPR↑, 1,   Hif1a↓, 6,   LOX1↓, 1,   PDGFR-BB↓, 1,   VEGF↓, 11,   VEGF↑, 1,   VEGFR2↓, 2,  

Barriers & Transport ⓘ

P-gp↓, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

COX2↓, 3,   COX2↑, 1,   ICAM-1↓, 1,   IKKα↓, 1,   IL1β↓, 1,   IL6↓, 3,   Inflam↓, 2,   JAK↝, 1,   JAK2↓, 1,   MCP1↓, 1,   NF-kB↓, 12,   NF-kB↑, 1,   p65↓, 1,   p‑p65↓, 1,   PD-L1↓, 2,   TNF-α↓, 1,  

Hormonal & Nuclear Receptors ⓘ

AR↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

BioAv↓, 2,   BioAv↑, 1,   BioAv↝, 2,   ChemoSen↓, 1,   ChemoSen↑, 12,   ChemoSen⇅, 1,   Dose↑, 1,   Dose↝, 1,   eff↓, 1,   eff↑, 11,   MRP1/ABCC1↓, 2,   RadioS↑, 6,   selectivity↑, 4,  

Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ

AR↓, 1,   E6↓, 2,   E7↓, 2,   EGFR↓, 4,   Ferritin↑, 1,   IL6↓, 3,   Ki-67↓, 1,   LDH↓, 1,   PD-L1↓, 2,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

AntiCan↓, 1,   AntiCan↑, 4,   AntiTum↑, 5,   chemoP↑, 3,   chemoPv↑, 1,   neuroP↑, 1,   Pain↓, 1,   QoL↑, 1,   RenoP↑, 2,   toxicity↝, 1,   TumVol↓, 1,  

Infection & Microbiome ⓘ

Sepsis↓, 1,  
Total Targets: 253

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


NA, unassigned ⓘ

CB2 / CNR2↑, 2,   TFAM↑, 1,  

Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

antiOx?, 1,   antiOx↑, 15,   Catalase↑, 4,   Ferroptosis↓, 2,   GPx↑, 4,   GPx4∅, 1,   GSH↓, 1,   GSH↑, 6,   GSTs↑, 1,   HO-1↑, 14,   HO-1∅, 1,   Keap1↓, 1,   lipid-P↓, 5,   MDA↓, 9,   NQO1↑, 1,   NRF2↓, 1,   NRF2↑, 27,   NRF2∅, 1,   p‑NRF2↑, 2,   PARK2↑, 1,   Prx↑, 2,   ROS↓, 20,   ROS↑, 1,   SIRT3↑, 1,   SOD?, 1,   SOD↑, 9,   SOD2↑, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ

MMP↓, 1,   MMP↑, 1,   mtDam↓, 2,   PINK1↑, 1,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

12LOX↓, 2,   ACSL4∅, 1,   ALAT↓, 3,   AMPK↑, 5,   p‑AMPK↑, 1,   cAMP↑, 1,   CREB↑, 1,   NADPH↑, 1,   PPARα↑, 1,   PPARγ↑, 2,   p‑PPARγ↓, 1,  

Cell Death ⓘ

Akt↑, 1,   p‑Akt↑, 2,   Apoptosis↓, 4,   BAX↓, 1,   Bax:Bcl2↓, 1,   Casp3?, 1,   Casp3↓, 1,   Casp3∅, 1,   cl‑Casp3↓, 1,   Casp9∅, 1,   Cyt‑c∅, 1,   Fas↓, 1,   Ferroptosis↓, 2,   iNOS↓, 5,   iNOS↑, 1,   JNK↓, 1,   p‑JNK↓, 1,   MAPK↓, 3,   p‑p38↓, 1,  

Autophagy & Lysosomes ⓘ

Beclin-1↑, 1,   LC3B↑, 1,   p62↓, 1,  

DNA Damage & Repair ⓘ

DNAdam↓, 2,   PARP∅, 1,   cl‑PARP1↓, 1,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

ERK↓, 2,   ERK↑, 1,   p‑ERK↓, 1,   p‑ERK↑, 1,   GSK‐3β↓, 2,   p‑GSK‐3β↑, 1,   PI3K↑, 1,  

Migration ⓘ

APP↓, 1,   heparanase↑, 1,   PKA↑, 1,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

NO↓, 1,  

Barriers & Transport ⓘ

BBB↑, 4,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

COX1↓, 1,   COX2↓, 6,   IKKα↓, 1,   IL10↓, 1,   IL10↑, 1,   IL18↓, 1,   IL1β↓, 6,   IL6↓, 6,   IL6↑, 1,   IL8↓, 1,   Inflam↓, 14,   Inflam↑, 1,   NF-kB↓, 13,   PGE2↓, 1,   TLR2↓, 1,   TLR4↓, 3,   TNF-α↓, 7,  

Synaptic & Neurotransmission ⓘ

AChE↓, 4,   BChE↓, 1,   ChAT↑, 1,   MAOA↓, 1,   tau↓, 1,   p‑tau↓, 1,  

Protein Aggregation ⓘ

Aβ↓, 2,   BACE↓, 2,   NLRP3↓, 5,  

Hormonal & Nuclear Receptors ⓘ

CYP19↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

BioAv↓, 3,   BioAv↑, 3,   BioAv↝, 6,   BioEnh↑, 1,   Dose↑, 1,   eff↑, 3,   Half-Life↝, 3,  

Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ

ALAT↓, 3,   ALP↓, 2,   AST↓, 4,   BloodF↑, 1,   IL6↓, 6,   IL6↑, 1,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

AntiDiabetic↑, 1,   AntiTum↑, 1,   cardioP↑, 5,   chemoPv↑, 1,   cognitive↑, 4,   hepatoP↑, 6,   memory↑, 2,   motorD↑, 1,   neuroP↑, 12,   NP/CIPN↓, 2,   Obesity↓, 1,   Pain↓, 1,   radioP↑, 1,   RenoP↑, 2,   toxicity↓, 4,  

Infection & Microbiome ⓘ

Bacteria↓, 2,  
Total Targets: 137

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: NRF2, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2
38 Sulforaphane (mainly Broccoli)
29 Curcumin
23 Thymoquinone
22 Quercetin
19 Resveratrol
16 EGCG (Epigallocatechin Gallate)
16 Lycopene
15 Shikonin
14 Luteolin
14 brusatol
13 Silymarin (Milk Thistle) silibinin
12 Alpha-Lipoic-Acid
12 Baicalein
11 Ashwagandha(Withaferin A)
11 Chemotherapy
11 Fisetin
10 doxorubicin
10 Apigenin (mainly Parsley)
10 Chrysin
9 Silver-NanoParticles
9 Selenite (Sodium)
9 Artemisinin
9 Selenium
8 Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)
8 Radiotherapy/Radiation
8 Boron
8 Chlorogenic acid
8 Propolis -bee glue
8 Hydrogen Gas
8 Pterostilbene
8 Rosmarinic acid
7 Carnosic acid
7 Piperlongumine
6 Allicin (mainly Garlic)
6 Berberine
6 Beta-Caryophyllene
6 Honokiol
5 Betulinic acid
5 Boswellia (frankincense)
5 Crocetin
4 Selenium NanoParticles
4 Phenethyl isothiocyanate
4 Urolithin
3 Cisplatin
3 Astaxanthin
3 Berbamine
3 5-fluorouracil
3 xanthohumol
3 Brucea javanica
3 Capsaicin
3 Carvacrol
3 Disulfiram
3 Copper and Cu NanoParticles
3 Magnetic Fields
3 Parthenolide
2 1,8-Cineole
2 Auranofin
2 Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE)
2 Thymol-Thymus vulgaris
2 Cinnamon
2 Carvone
2 Cucurbitacin
2 Cysteamine
2 Eugenol
2 Ferulic acid
2 HydroxyTyrosol
2 Metformin
2 Methylsulfonylmethane
2 Nimbolide
2 salinomycin
2 Taurine
1 Andrographis
1 Docetaxel
1 Baicalin
1 Lapatinib
1 Biochanin A
1 Cannabidiol
1 Butyrate
1 Catechins
1 Cynanbungeigenin C (CBC) and D (CBD)
1 Celastrol
1 chitosan
1 Calorie Restriction Mimetics
1 Ursolic acid
1 diet FMD Fasting Mimicking Diet
1 diet Methionine-Restricted Diet
1 D-limonene
1 Dandelion Root
1 Ellagic acid
1 Emodin
1 Shilajit/Fulvic Acid
1 Ginkgo biloba
1 Geraniol
1 Ginseng
1 HydroxyCitric Acid
1 Hydroxycinnamic-acid
1 Juglone
1 Magnolol
1 Melatonin
1 Methyl salicylate / Sweet Birch oil
1 Aspirin
1 Mushroom Lion’s Mane
1 Myricetin
1 Oleuropein
1 Propyl gallate
1 Piperine
1 Plumbagin
1 Sulfasalazine
1 Oxygen, Hyperbaric
1 irinotecan
1 acetazolamide
1 Salvia miltiorrhiza
1 Spermidine
1 erastin
1 triptolide
1 Vitamin B1/Thiamine
1 Vitamin D3
1 Vitamin K2
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:%  prod#:%  Target#:226  State#:%  Dir#:%
  wNotes=0  sortOrder:rid,rpid

 

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