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| Type: |
| Destruction of mitochondrial transmembrane potential, which is widely regarded as one of the earliest events in the process of cell apoptosis. Mitochondria are organelles within eukaryotic cells that produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the main energy molecule used by the cell. For this reason, the mitochondrion is sometimes referred to as “the powerhouse of the cell”. Mitochondria produce ATP through process of cellular respiration—specifically, aerobic respiration, which requires oxygen. The citric acid cycle, or Krebs cycle, takes place in the mitochondria. The mitochondrial membrane potential is widely used in assessing mitochondrial function as it relates to the mitochondrial capacity of ATP generation by oxidative phosphorylation. The mitochondrial membrane potential is a reliable indicator of mitochondrial health. In cancer cells, ΔΨm is often decreased, which can lead to changes in cellular metabolism, increased glycolysis, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and altered cell death pathways. The membrane of malignant mitochondria is hyperpolarized (−220 mV) in comparison to their healthy counterparts (−160 mV), which facilitates the penetration of positively charged molecules to the cancer cells mitochondria. The MMP is a critical indicator of mitochondrial function, directly reflecting the organelle's capacity to generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. |
| 1386- | BBR, | Berberine-induced apoptosis in human breast cancer cells is mediated by reactive oxygen species generation and mitochondrial-related apoptotic pathway |
| - | in-vitro, | BC, | MCF-7 | - | in-vitro, | BC, | MDA-MB-231 |
| 1377- | BBR, | Berberine inhibits autophagy and promotes apoptosis of fibroblast-like synovial cells from rheumatoid arthritis patients through the ROS/mTOR signaling pathway |
| - | in-vitro, | Arthritis, | NA |
| 1378- | BBR, | Berberine induces non-small cell lung cancer apoptosis via the activation of the ROS/ASK1/JNK pathway |
| - | in-vitro, | Lung, | NA |
| 1379- | BBR, | Berberine derivative DCZ0358 induce oxidative damage by ROS-mediated JNK signaling in DLBCL cells |
| - | in-vitro, | lymphoma, | NA |
| 1399- | BBR, | Rad, | Radiotherapy Enhancing and Radioprotective Properties of Berberine: A Systematic Review |
| - | Review, | NA, | NA |
| 1402- | BBR, | Berberine-induced apoptosis in human glioblastoma T98G cells is mediated by endoplasmic reticulum stress accompanying reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial dysfunction |
| - | in-vitro, | GBM, | T98G |
| 1404- | BBR, | Berberine-induced apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells is initiated by reactive oxygen species generation |
| - | in-vitro, | Pca, | PC3 |
| 1405- | BBR, | Chit, | Chitosan/alginate nanogel potentiate berberine uptake and enhance oxidative stress mediated apoptotic cell death in HepG2 cells |
| - | in-vitro, | Liver, | HepG2 |
| 2699- | BBR, | Plant Isoquinoline Alkaloid Berberine Exhibits Chromatin Remodeling by Modulation of Histone Deacetylase To Induce Growth Arrest and Apoptosis in the A549 Cell Line |
| - | in-vitro, | Lung, | A549 |
| 2674- | BBR, | Berberine: A novel therapeutic strategy for cancer |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA | - | Review, | IBD, | NA |
| 2686- | BBR, | Effects of resveratrol, curcumin, berberine and other nutraceuticals on aging, cancer development, cancer stem cells and microRNAs |
| - | Review, | Nor, | NA |
| 5178- | BBR, | Berberine, a natural product, induces G1-phase cell cycle arrest and caspase-3-dependent apoptosis in human prostate carcinoma cells |
| - | in-vitro, | Pca, | DU145 | - | in-vitro, | Pca, | PC3 |
| 5177- | BBR, | Berberine induces apoptosis in human HSC-3 oral cancer cells via simultaneous activation of the death receptor-mediated and mitochondrial pathway |
| - | in-vitro, | Oral, | HMC3 |
| 5636- | BCA, | Biochanin A Induces S Phase Arrest and Apoptosis in Lung Cancer Cells |
| - | vitro+vivo, | Lung, | A549 |
| 5638- | BCA, | Investigating the Anticancer Potential of Biochanin A in KB Oral Cancer Cells Through the NFκB Pathway |
| - | in-vitro, | Oral, | NA |
| 5582- | BetA, | Targeting mitochondrial apoptosis by betulinic acid in human cancers |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 5592- | BetA, | Betulin induces mitochondrial cytochrome c release associated apoptosis in human cancer cells |
| - | in-vitro, | Liver, | HepG2 | - | in-vitro, | Cerv, | HeLa |
| 5591- | BetA, | Advances and challenges in betulinic acid therapeutics and delivery systems for breast cancer prevention and treatment |
| - | Review, | BC, | NA |
| 5584- | BetA, | Betulinic acid induces apoptosis through a direct effect on mitochondria in neuroectodermal tumors |
| - | in-vitro, | GBM, | A172 | - | in-vitro, | GBM, | U118MG | - | in-vitro, | GBM, | U251 |
| 2722- | BetA, | Betulinic Acid for Cancer Treatment and Prevention |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 2718- | BetA, | The anti-cancer effect of betulinic acid in u937 human leukemia cells is mediated through ROS-dependent cell cycle arrest and apoptosis |
| - | in-vitro, | AML, | U937 |
| 2719- | BetA, | Betulinic Acid Restricts Human Bladder Cancer Cell Proliferation In Vitro by Inducing Caspase-Dependent Cell Death and Cell Cycle Arrest, and Decreasing Metastatic Potential |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | T24/HTB-9 | - | in-vitro, | Bladder, | UMUC3 | - | in-vitro, | Bladder, | 5637 |
| 2726- | BetA, | Betulinic acid induces DNA damage and apoptosis in SiHa cells |
| - | in-vitro, | Cerv, | SiHa |
| 2729- | BetA, | Betulinic acid in the treatment of tumour diseases: Application and research progress |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 2731- | BetA, | Betulinic Acid for Glioblastoma Treatment: Reality, Challenges and Perspectives |
| - | Review, | GBM, | NA | - | Review, | Park, | NA | - | Review, | AD, | NA |
| 2717- | BetA, | Betulinic Acid Induces ROS-Dependent Apoptosis and S-Phase Arrest by Inhibiting the NF-κB Pathway in Human Multiple Myeloma |
| - | in-vitro, | Melanoma, | U266 | - | in-vivo, | Melanoma, | NA | - | in-vitro, | Melanoma, | RPMI-8226 |
| 2735- | BetA, | Betulinic acid as apoptosis activator: Molecular mechanisms, mathematical modeling and chemical modifications |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 2759- | BetA, | Chemopreventive and Chemotherapeutic Potential of Betulin and Betulinic Acid: Mechanistic Insights From In Vitro, In Vivo and Clinical Studies |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 2737- | BetA, | Multiple molecular targets in breast cancer therapy by betulinic acid |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 2743- | BetA, | Betulinic acid and the pharmacological effects of tumor suppression |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 2744- | BetA, | Betulin and betulinic acid: triterpenoids derivatives with a powerful biological potential |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 2745- | BetA, | Betulinic acid inhibits colon cancer cell and tumor growth and induces proteasome-dependent and -independent downregulation of specificity proteins (Sp) transcription factors |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | RKO | - | in-vitro, | CRC, | SW480 | - | in-vivo, | NA, | NA |
| 2746- | BetA, | Betulinic acid induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HCT116 | - | in-vivo, | CRC, | NA |
| 2748- | BetA, | Betulinic Acid: Recent Advances in Chemical Modifications, Effective Delivery, and Molecular Mechanisms of a Promising Anticancer Therapy |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 2752- | BetA, | Betulinic acid: a natural product with anticancer activity |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 2753- | BetA, | Betulinic acid induces apoptosis by regulating PI3K/Akt signaling and mitochondrial pathways in human cervical cancer cells |
| - | in-vitro, | Cerv, | HeLa |
| 5726- | BF, | Bufalin exerts antitumor effects in neuroblastoma via the induction of reactive oxygen species-mediated apoptosis by targeting the electron transport chain |
| - | Review, | neuroblastoma, | SK-N-BE |
| 5721- | BF, | Bufalin Suppresses Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Stem Cell Growth by Inhibiting the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway |
| - | in-vitro, | BC, | NA |
| 5692- | BJ, | Seed oil of Brucea javanica induces apoptosis through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in acute lymphocytic leukemia Jurkat cells |
| - | vitro+vivo, | AML, | NA |
| 5677- | BML, | Bromelain inhibits nuclear factor kappa-B translocation, driving human epidermoid carcinoma A431 and melanoma A375 cells through G(2)/M arrest to apoptosis |
| - | in-vitro, | Melanoma, | A431 | - | in-vitro, | Melanoma, | A375 |
| 3505- | Bor, | Mineral requirements for mitochondrial function: A connection to redox balance and cellular differentiation |
| - | Review, | NA, | NA |
| 3507- | Bor, | Boron inhibits apoptosis in hyperapoptosis condition: Acts by stabilizing the mitochondrial membrane and inhibiting matrix remodeling |
| 760- | Bor, | Therapeutic Efficacy of Boric Acid Treatment on Brain Tissue and Cognitive Functions in Rats with Experimental Alzheimer’s Disease |
| - | in-vivo, | AD, | NA |
| 2024- | Bos, | Antiproliferative and cell cycle arrest potentials of 3-O-acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid against MCF-7 cells in vitro |
| - | in-vitro, | BC, | MCF-7 | - | in-vitro, | Nor, | MCF10 |
| 1448- | Bos, | A triterpenediol from Boswellia serrata induces apoptosis through both the intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways in human leukemia HL-60 cells |
| - | in-vitro, | AML, | HL-60 |
| 1449- | Bos, | Chemo, | Anti-proliferative, Pro-apoptotic, and Chemosensitizing Potential of 3-Acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic Acid (AKBA) Against Prostate Cancer Cells |
| - | in-vitro, | Pca, | PC3 |
| - | in-vitro, | Pca, | DU145 |
| 5707- | Brut, | Targeting Redox Homeostasis and Cell Survival Signaling with a Flavonoid-Rich Extract of Bergamot Juice in In Vitro and In Vivo Colorectal Cancer Models |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HCT116 |
| 2047- | Buty, | Sodium butyrate inhibits migration and induces AMPK-mTOR pathway-dependent autophagy and ROS-mediated apoptosis via the miR-139-5p/Bmi-1 axis in human bladder cancer cells |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | T24/HTB-9 | - | in-vitro, | Nor, | SV-HUC-1 | - | in-vitro, | Bladder, | 5637 | - | in-vivo, | NA, | NA |
| 1650- | CA, | Adjuvant Properties of Caffeic Acid in Cancer Treatment |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers. Such Conditions may include : -low or high Dose -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations -different cell line effects -synergies with other products -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells
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