Vitamin B12 / cognitive Cancer Research Results

VitB12, Vitamin B12: Click to Expand ⟱

Features:

Vitamin B12 = cobalamin (water-soluble vitamin; forms: methylcobalamin, adenosylcobalamin, cyanocobalamin, hydroxocobalamin). Sources: animal-derived foods; requires intrinsic factor–mediated absorption; transport via transcobalamin (TCII). Primary mechanisms (ranked):
1) Methionine synthase cofactor → homocysteine → methionine → SAM → DNA/RNA/histone methylation (one-carbon metabolism integration).
2) Methylmalonyl-CoA mutase cofactor → odd-chain FA / branched-chain AA metabolism; mitochondrial anaplerosis support.
3) Genome stability support (via nucleotide synthesis + methylation balance).
Bioavailability/PK relevance: Active absorption saturable (~1–2 µg/meal via IF); passive diffusion at high oral doses (~1%); serum levels tightly regulated; intracellular utilization depends on TCII uptake and lysosomal processing.
In-vitro vs oral exposure: Most cancer cell studies use supraphysiologic cobalamin or manipulate one-carbon flux; effects typically reflect methylation / nucleotide synthesis dependency rather than direct cytotoxicity.
Clinical evidence status: Essential nutrient; deficiency correction clearly beneficial; no established anticancer efficacy; epidemiology mixed (very high serum B12 sometimes correlates with cancer presence—likely reverse causality/biomarker phenomenon rather than causation).

Helps make red blood cells, metabolize food and prevent nerve damage.

Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) — Cancer vs Normal Pathway Effects

Rank	Pathway / Axis	Cancer Cells (↑ / ↓ / ↔)	Normal Cells (↑ / ↓ / ↔)	TSF	Primary Effect	Notes / Interpretation
1	One-carbon metabolism (Methionine synthase → SAM)	↑ methylation capacity; ↑ nucleotide synthesis (proliferation support)	↑ genome stability; ↑ normal DNA synthesis	R→G	Methyl donor cycling	Supports SAM production; in rapidly dividing tumors may facilitate growth if not limiting.
2	DNA methylation / Epigenetics	↔ / ↑ (context-dependent; can restore normal methylation if deficient)	↑ methylation homeostasis	G	Epigenetic stability	Deficiency → hypomethylation/genomic instability; supplementation restores baseline rather than inducing supraphysiologic hypermethylation in most settings.
3	Nucleotide synthesis (via folate cycle coupling)	↑ proliferation support (if B12 limiting)	↑ normal hematopoiesis	R→G	DNA replication capacity	Mechanistically linked to folate; deficiency leads to megaloblastic anemia.
4	Mitochondrial metabolism (Methylmalonyl-CoA mutase)	↔ (supports baseline metabolism)	↑ mitochondrial function	R	Anaplerotic support	Prevents methylmalonic acid accumulation; preserves mitochondrial efficiency.
5	ROS	↔ (indirect)	↓ oxidative stress (deficiency correction)	R	Redox balance (secondary)	Effects mediated through improved mitochondrial and methylation balance.
6	NRF2	↔ (no direct axis)	↔	G	Adaptive response (indirect)	No primary NRF2-targeting activity established.
7	Ca²⁺	↔	↔	P	Not a core pathway	No meaningful Ca²⁺ modulation axis.
8	HIF-1α / Warburg	↔ (indirect via proliferation capacity)	↔	G	Metabolic permissiveness	No direct hypoxia pathway targeting; effects are permissive rather than suppressive.
9	Ferroptosis	↔	↔	R	Not established	No defined ferroptotic mechanism.
10	Clinical Translation Constraint	Essential nutrient; correction of deficiency critical. No validated anticancer benefit; very high serum B12 often reflects disease state rather than supplementation causality.		—	Evidence	Interpret epidemiologic associations cautiously (reverse causation common).

TSF legend: P: 0–30 min | R: 30 min–3 hr | G: >3 hr

cognitive, cognitive: Click to Expand ⟱

Source:

Type:

Cognitive

Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱

3941-

5HT,

dietMed,

VitB12,

FA,

VitC

Nutrition strategies that improve cognitive function

Review,

AD,

*other↑, *other↓, *cognitive↑, *eff↑, *eff↑,

4061-

betaCar,

VitB12,

VitB6,

FA,

VitB3

Revisiting the Role of Vitamins and Minerals in Alzheimer’s Disease

Review,

AD,

*cognitive↑, *cognitive↑, *Inflam↓, *Hcy/homoC↓, *TNF-α↓, *other↝, *memory↑,

6962-

FA,

VitB12,

Effects of Folic Acid and Vitamin B12, Alone and in Combination on Cognitive Function and Inflammatory Factors in the Elderly with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Single-blind Experimental Design

Trial,

AD,

: 240 participants with MCI

*Hcy/homoC↝, *IL6↓, *TNF-α↓, *MCP1/CCL2↝, *eff↑, *cognitive↑, *Inflam↓,

6961-

FA,

VitB12,

VitB6,

Silicon,

Alum

B Vitamins Prevent Iron-Associated Brain Atrophy and Domain-Specific Effects of Iron, Copper, Aluminum, and Silicon on Cognition in Mild Cognitive Impairment

Trial,

AD,

daily folic acid (0.8 mg)/vitamin B12 (0.5 mg)/vitamin B6 (20 mg) (n = 133) or placebo for two years.

n = 266, 77.6-year-old, 60.7% female

*BrainVol↝, *cognitive↝, *cognitive↑, *Dose↝, *other↝, *Hcy/homoC↓, *Risk↓, *BrainVol∅, *BrainVol↑, *other↝, *cognitive↑, *cognitive↑, *other↝, *Risk↝,

6956-

FA,

VitB12,

A randomized placebo-controlled trial of using B vitamins to prevent cognitive decline in older mild cognitive impairment patients

Trial,

AD,

 279 MCI outpatients aged ≥65 years

*Dose↝, *Hcy/homoC↓, *cognitive↑, *eff↓,

6950-

FA,

VitB12,

Effects of Folic Acid and Vitamin B12 Supplementation on Cognitive Impairment and Inflammation in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease: A Randomized, Single-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Trial,

AD,

 101 participants

*Dose↝, *cognitive?,

6949-

FA,

VitB12,

A controlled trial of homocysteine lowering and cognitive performance

Trial,

AD,

276 healthy participants, 65 years of age or older, with plasma homocysteine concentrations of at least 13 micromol per liter

*Hcy/homoC↓, *cognitive∅,

6948-

FA,

VitB12,

A randomized placebo controlled trial of homocysteine lowering to reduce cognitive decline in older demented people

Trial,

AD,

*Dose↝, *Hcy/homoC↓, *cognitive∅,

4074-

FA,

VitB12,

Associations between Alzheimer's disease and blood homocysteine, vitamin B12, and folate: a case-control study

Trial,

AD,

 115 patients with AD and 115 matched controls.

*cognitive↑, *Hcy/homoC↓, *other↝, *other↝,

4064-

FA,

VitB6,

VitB12,

High-dose B vitamin supplementation and cognitive decline in Alzheimer disease: a randomized controlled trial

Trial,

AD,

folate 5mg, vitamin B6 25mg, vitamin B12 1 mg

409 participants

*Hcy/homoC↓, *cognitive∅,

4063-

Flav,

VitB12,

VitB6,

Homocysteine and Dementia: An International Consensus Statement

Review,

AD,

*Hcy/homoC↓, *cognitive↑,

3939-

SAMe,

VitB12,

ALC,

Efficacy of a Vitamin/Nutriceutical Formulation for Moderate-stage to Later-stage Alzheimer's disease: A Placebo-controlled Pilot Study

Trial,

NA,

 Participants were 73 serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SRI) nonresponders with major depressive disorder

*cognitive↑, *Mood↑,

4047-

VitB12,

Cognitive impairment and vitamin B12: a review

Review,

AD,

*cognitive↝,

4038-

VitB12,

Vitamin B12 and Age-Related Cognitive Decline—Dementia and “Alzheimer’s Disease”

Review,

AD,

*cognitive↑,

4040-

VitB12,

FA,

Role of vitamin B12 and folic acid in treatment of Alzheimer’s disease: a meta-analysis of randomized control trials

Review,

AD,

*memory↑, *neuroP↑, *cognitive↑, *QoL∅,

4318-

VitB12,

Unraveling the molecular mechanisms of vitamin deficiency in Alzheimer's disease pathophysiology

Review,

AD,

*Hcy/homoC↓, *cognitive↑,

4041-

VitB12,

Thoughts on B-vitamins and dementia

Review,

AD,

*cognitive↑, *other↝,

4042-

VitB12,

Genetic determinants of low vitamin B12 levels in Alzheimer's disease risk

Review,

AD,

*cognitive∅,

4067-

VitB12,

VitB6,

VitD3,

Plants, Plants, and More Plants: Plant-Derived Nutrients and Their Protective Roles in Cognitive Function, Alzheimer's Disease, and Other Dementias

Review,

AD,

*cognitive↑,

4043-

VitB12,

FA,

Preventing Alzheimer's disease-related gray matter atrophy by B-vitamin treatment

Trial,

AD,

folic acid 0.8 mg/d, vitamin B12 0.5 mg/d, vitamin B6 20 mg/d) on elderly volunteers with memory complaint

*other↑, *other↑, *eff↝, *Hcy/homoC↓, *cognitive↑,

4045-

VitB12,

FA,

Cognitive and clinical outcomes of homocysteine-lowering B-vitamin treatment in mild cognitive impairment: a randomized controlled trial

Trial,

AD,

0.8 mg folic acid, 0.5 mg vitamin B(12) and 20 mg vitamin B(6) (133 participants)

*Hcy/homoC↓, *cognitive↑, *memory↑, *other↑,

4058-

VitB12,

VitB6,

FA,

The preventive efficacy of vitamin B supplements on the cognitive decline of elderly adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Review,

AD,

*Hcy/homoC↓, *cognitive↑,

4056-

VitB12,

VitB6,

FA,

Vitamin B12, B6, or Folate and Cognitive Function in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Review,

AD,

*Risk∅, *cognitive↑, *cognitive∅,

4054-

VitB12,

VitB6,

FA,

Role of B vitamins in modulating homocysteine and metabolic pathways linked to brain atrophy: Metabolomics insights from the VITACOG trial

Study,

AD,

 89 B vitamin–treated and 84 placebo-treated MCI participants over a 2 year follow-up period.

*Hcy/homoC↓, *neuroP↑, *cognitive↑,

4053-

VitB12,

VitB6,

FA,

Vitamins in Alzheimer’s Disease—Review of the Latest Reports

Review,

AD,

*cognitive↑, *Hcy/homoC↓, *SAM-e↓,

4046-

VitB12,

Plasma Vitamin B-12 Levels and Risk of Alzheimer’s Disease: A Case-Control Study

Study,

AD,

A case-control study with a sample size of 90

*cognitive↑,

4065-

VitB6,

VitB12,

FA,

Vitamin B6, B12, and Folic Acid Supplementation and Cognitive Function

Review,

AD,

*cognitive∅, *cognitive↑,

4062-

VitB6,

FA,

VitB12,

Vitamin B6, B9, and B12 Intakes and Cognitive Performance in Elders: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2011–2014

Study,

AD,

2421 participant

*Risk↓, *Risk↓, *Risk↓, *cognitive↑,

4077-

VitB6,

FA,

VitB12,

VitD3,

VitE

Vitamin Supplementation as an Adjuvant Treatment for Alzheimer’s Disease

Review,

AD,

*antiOx↑, *cognitive↑, *Hcy/homoC↓, *Risk↓, *Risk↓, *Risk↓, *other↝, *Dose↝, *Risk↓, *Risk↓,

Showing Research Papers: 1 to 29 of 29

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 29

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:

Total Targets: 0

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:

Functional Outcomes(tgid=23) ⓘ

cognitive?, 1, cognitive↑, 26, cognitive↝, 2, cognitive∅, 6, memory↑, 3, Mood↑, 1, neuroP↑, 2, QoL∅, 1, Risk↓, 9, Risk↝, 1, Risk∅, 1,
Total Targets: 30

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: cognitive, cognitive

29 Vitamin B12
20 Folic Acid, Vit B9
12 Vitamin B6,pyridoxine
2 Vitamin D3
1 Serotonin, 5-hydroxytryptamine
1 dietMediterranean
1 Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)
1 beta-carotene(VitA)
1 Vitamin B3,Niacin
1 Silicic Acid
1 Aluminum
1 flavonoids
1 S-adenosyl-L-methionine
1 Acetyl-l-carnitine
1 Vitamin E

Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:%  prod#:165  Target#:557  State#:%  Dir#:%
  wNotes=0  sortOrder:rid,rpid

Vitamin B12 / cognitive Cancer Research Results

Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) — Cancer vs Normal Pathway Effects

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:

Redox & Oxidative Stress(tgid=1) ⓘ

Transcription & Epigenetics(tgid=7) ⓘ

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling(tgid=16) ⓘ

Synaptic & Neurotransmission(tgid=18) ⓘ

Drug Metabolism & Resistance(tgid=21) ⓘ

Clinical Biomarkers(tgid=22) ⓘ

Functional Outcomes(tgid=23) ⓘ

Home Page