condition found tbRes List
Ba, Baicalein: Click to Expand ⟱
Features:
Baicalein is a flavone, a type of flavonoid, originally isolated from the roots of Scutellaria baicalensis and Scutellaria lateriflora. It is also a constituent of Oroxylum indicum and thyme.
Baicalein, a flavonoid found in several medicinal plants (notably Scutellaria baicalensis), has been investigated for its anticancer properties. Its activities involve modulation of multiple cellular pathways, including those that regulate cell proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, and oxidative stress. Here are some of the key pathways and mechanisms implicated in its anticancer effects:
-Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Regulation
-Reactive Oxygen Species ROS↑ Generation and Oxidative Stress
- ROS↑ related: MMP↓(ΔΨm), ER Stress↑, Ca+2↑, Cyt‑c↑, Caspase-3↑, Caspase-9↑, DNA damage↑,
-Baicalein’s effects on ROS are context-dependent. In some cancer cells, it promotes ROS production to a degree that overwhelms the antioxidant defenses. Elevated ROS levels can damage cellular components and promote apoptosis, essentially tipping the balance toward cell death.
-Conversely, in normal cells, baicalein may exhibit antioxidant properties and reduce ROS↓ under conditions of oxidative stress, highlighting its dual role.
- Lowers AntiOxidant defense in Cancer Cells: NRF2↓, GSH↓, HO-1↓,
- Raises AntiOxidant defense in Normal Cells: NRF2↑, SOD↑, GSH↑, Catalase↑, HO-1↑,
-MAPK, ERK Pathway:
-PI3K/Akt Pathway: Inhibition of the PI3K, Akt pathway by baicalein.
-NF-κB Pathway: Baicalein can inhibit
-Inhibition of Metastasis and Invasion: Baicalein can downregulate MMPs, MMP2, MMP9
-Angiogenesis Suppression: VEGF
-Baicalein is a well-known inhibitor of 12-lipoxygenase
-inhibitor of Glycolysis↓ and HIF-1α↓, PKM2↓, cMyc↓, PDK1↓, GLUT1↓, LDHA↓, HK2↓
- promoting PTEN
-chemo-sensitization, chemoProtective, RadioSensitizer, RadioProtective, neuroprotective, Cognitive, Renoprotection, Hepatoprotective, cardioProtective,
- Selectivity: Cancer Cells vs Normal Cells
-low bioavailability but liposomal highly improves bioavailability

In summary, baicalein affects cancer cells by modulating multiple pathways—promoting apoptosis, causing cell cycle arrest, generating or modulating ROS levels, inhibiting survival and proliferative signaling (such as MAPK, PI3K/Akt, and NF-κB pathways), and reducing angiogenesis and metastasis.

Many animal studies, doses have been reported in the range of approximately 10 to 200 mg/kg body weight.
For example, some studies exploring anticancer or anti-inflammatory effects in rodent models have used doses around 50–100 mg/kg.
However, these doses do not directly translate to human dosages.
Some human studies or formulations (where they are used as nutraceuticals or supplements) may suggest dosing in the range of a few hundred milligrams per day of the extract, but it is often not standardized to a specific amount of baicalein or baicalin.
-mix with oil?

-ic50 cancer cells 10-30uM, normal cells 50-100uM
-Animal studies, 10 to 100 mg/kg.
-Reported to induce apoptosis, cause cell cycle arrest, inhibit angiogenesis, and modulate various signaling pathways (e.g., STAT3, NF-κB, MAPK).
neuroP, neuroprotective: Click to Expand ⟱
Source:
Type:
Neuroprotective refers to the ability of a substance, intervention, or strategy to preserve the structure and function of nerve cells (neurons) against injury or degeneration.
-While cancer and neurodegenerative processes might seem distinct, there is significant overlap in terms of treatment-related neurotoxicity, shared molecular mechanisms, and the potential for therapies that provide neuroprotection during cancer treatment.
Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
2611- Ba,    Baicalein as a potent neuroprotective agent: A review
- Review, Nor, NA - Review, AD, NA - Review, Park, NA
*neuroP↑, A number of studies have reported that baicalein has potent neuroprotective properties under in vitro as well as in vivo systems
*ROS↓, Baicalein effectively prevents Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases by reducing oxidative stress, inhibiting aggregation of disease-specific amyloid proteins,
*β-Amyloid↓,

2609- Ba,    Baicalein: unveiling the multifaceted marvel of hepatoprotection and beyond
- Review, NA, NA
*hepatoP↑, baicalein's hepatoprotective action against different toxicity models (acetaminophen, cisplatin, doxorubicin, CCL4, monocrotaline, & d-galactosamine).
*neuroP↑, key pharmacological activities of baicalein against neurotoxicity (6-OHDA, rotenone, d-galactose, stroke, alzheimer, & sclerosis),
*Inflam↓, inflammation (arthritis, pulmonary fibrosis, & LPS-induced sepsis

2605- Ba,  BA,    Potential therapeutic effects of baicalin and baicalein
- Review, Var, NA - Review, Stroke, NA - Review, IBD, NA - Review, Arthritis, NA - Review, AD, NA - Review, Park, NA
cardioP↑, cardioprotective activities.
Inflam↓, Decreasing the accumulation of inflammatory mediators and improving cognitive function
cognitive↑,
*hepatoP↑, Decreasing inflammation, reducing oxidative stress, regulating the metabolism of lipids, and decreasing fibrosis, apoptosis, and steatosis are their main hepatoprotective mechanisms
*ROS?, Reducing oxidative stress and protecting the mitochondria to inhibit apoptosis are proposed as hepatoprotective mechanisms of baicalin in NAFLD
*SOD↑, Baicalin could reduce the levels of ROS and fatty acid-induced MDA, and increase superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione amounts compared to the control.
*GSH↑,
*MMP↑, Moreover, baicalin could partially restore mitochondrial morphology and increase ATP5A expression and mitochondrial membrane potential (Gao et al., 2022).
*GutMicro↑, After baicalein treatment, a remodelling in the overall structure of the gut microbiota was observed
ChemoSen↑, Besides, a combination of baicalin and doxorubicin could elevate the chemosensitivity of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells
*TNF-α↓, Baicalin can protect cardiomyocytes from hypoxia/reoxygenation injury by elevating the SOD activity and anti-inflammatory responses through reducing TNF-α, enhancing IL-10 levels, decreasing IL-6, and inhibiting the translocation of NF-κB to the nucl
*IL10↑,
*IL6↓,
*eff↑, Studies show that baicalin and baicalein may be effective against IBD by suppressing oxidative stress and inflammation, and regulating the immune system.
*ROS↓,
*COX2↓, baicalein can improve the symptoms of ulcerative colitis by lowering the expression of pregnane X receptor (PXR), (iNOS), (COX-2), and caudal-type homeobox 2 (Cdx2), as well as the NF-κβ and STAT3
*NF-kB↓,
*STAT3↓,
*PGE2↓, Administration of baicalin (30-90 mg/kg) could decrease the levels of prostaglandin E2 (PEG2), myeloperoxidase (MPO), IL-1β, TNF-α, and the apoptosis-related genes including Bcl-2 and caspase-9
*MPO↓,
*IL1β↓,
*MMP2↓, Rheumatoid arthritis RA mouse model by supressing relevant proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1b, IL-6, MMP-2, MMP-9, TNF-α, iNOS, and COX-2)
*MMP9↓,
*β-Amyloid↓, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) : reduce β-amyloid and trigger non-amyloidogenic amyloid precursor proteins.
*neuroP↑, For instance, administration of baicalin orally for 14 days (100 mg/kg body weight) exhibited neuroprotective effects on pathological changes and behavioral deficits of Aβ 1–42 protein-induced AD in vivo.
*Dose↝, administration of baicalin (500 mg/day, orally for 12 weeks) could improve the levels of total cholesterol, TGs, LDLC and apolipoproteins (APOs), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and coronary arte
*BioAv↝, the total absorption of baicalin depends on the activity of intestinal bacteria to convert baicalin to baicalein as the first step.
*BioAv↝, Kidneys, liver, and lungs are the main organs in which baicalin accumulates the most.
*BBB↑, Baicalin and baicalein can pass through the blood brain barrier (BBB)

2483- Ba,    Baicalein and 12/15-Lipoxygenase in the Ischemic Brain
- in-vivo, Stroke, NA
*12LOX↓, The natural product baicalein is a specific inhibitor of 12/15-lipoxygenase, but it also has antioxidant properties.
*antiOx↓,
*neuroP↑, in vivo data suggest that 12/15-lipoxygenase contributes to brain damage after stroke, and that 12/15-LOX inhibition by baicalein is neuroprotective.

2482- Ba,    Modulation of Neuroinflammation in Poststroke Rehabilitation: The Role of 12/15-Lipoxygenase Inhibition and Baicalein
- Review, Stroke, NA
*12LOX↓, Baicalein, a potent 12/15-LOX (12/15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor
*neuroP↑, demonstrates neuroprotective effects by reducing inflammatory lipid mediators, modulating key inflammatory pathways, and attenuating oxidative stress.
*eff↑, Experimental studies indicate that baicalein can diminish infarct size and neurological deficits while improving safety and tolerability

2626- Ba,    Molecular targets and therapeutic potential of baicalein: a review
- Review, Var, NA - Review, AD, NA - Review, Stroke, NA
AntiCan↓, anticancer, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, antiaging, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, respiratory protective, gastroprotective, hepatic protective, and renal protective effects
*neuroP↑,
*cardioP↑, Cardioprotective action of baicalein
*hepatoP↑,
*RenoP↑, baicalein’s capacity to lessen cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity is probably due, at least in part, to the attenuation of renal oxidative and/or nitrative stress
TumCCA↑, Baicalein induces G1/S arrest in lung squamous carcinoma (CH27) cells by downregulating CDK4 and cyclin D1, as well as upregulating cyclin E
CDK4↓,
cycD1↓,
cycE↑,
BAX↑, SGC-7901 cells showed that when baicalein was administered, Bcl-2 was downregulated and Bax was increased
Bcl-2↓,
VEGF↓, Baicalein inhibits the synthesis of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), HIF-1, c-Myc, and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in the G1 and S phases of ovarian cancer cell
Hif1a↓,
cMyc↓,
NF-kB↓,
ROS↑, Baicalein produced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and activated BNIP3 to slow down the development and hasten the apoptosis of MG-63,OS cell
BNIP3↑,
*neuroP↑, Baicalein exhibits neuroprotective qualities against amyloid (AN) functions by preventing AN from aggregating in PC12 neuronal cells to cause A𝛽-induced cytotoxicity
*cognitive↑, baicalein encourages non-amyloidogenic processing of APP, which lowers the generation of A𝛽 and enhances cognitive function
*NO↓, baicalein effectively reduced NO generation and iNOS gene expression
*iNOS↓,
*COX2↓, Baicalein therapy significantly decreased the expression of COX-2 and iNOS, as well as PGE2 and NF-κB, indicating a protective effect against cerebral I/R injury.
*PGE2↓,
*NRF2↑, Baicalein therapy markedly elevated nuclear Nrf2 expression and AMPK phosphorylation in the ischemic cerebral cortex
*p‑AMPK↑,
*Ferroptosis↓, Baicalein suppressed ferroptosis associated with 12/15-LOX, hence lessening the severity of post-traumatic epileptic episodes generated by FeCl3
*lipid-P↓, HT22 cells were damaged by ferroptosis, which is mitigated by baicalein may be due to its lipid peroxidation inhibitor
*ALAT↓, Baicalin lowers the raised levels of hepatic markers alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST)
*AST↓,
*Fas↓, Baicalin has also been shown to suppress apoptosis, decrease FAS protein expression, block the caspase-8 pathway, and decrease Bax protein production
*BAX↓,
*Apoptosis↓,

2623- Ba,    Activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway contributes to the protective effects of baicalein against oxidative stress-induced DNA damage and apoptosis in HEI193 Schwann cells
- in-vitro, Nor, HEI193
*DNAdam↓, Our results showed that baicalein effectively inhibited H2O2-induced cytotoxicity and DNA damage associated with the inhibition of reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation.
*ROS↓,
*Bax:Bcl2↓, increased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio
*p‑NRF2↑, baicalein increased not only the expression but also the phosphorylation of nuclear factor-erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) and promoted the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1)
*HO-1↑, it is well known that the antioxidant efficacy of baicalein is related to the activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway
*neuroP↑, suggested that baicalein may have a beneficial effect on the prevention and treatment of peripheral neuropathy induced by oxidative stress.
*MMP↑, inhibitory effect of baicalein on MMP reduction

2614- Ba,    Therapeutic potentials of baicalin and its aglycone, baicalein against inflammatory disorders
- Review, NA, NA
*toxicity↓, These flavonoids have almost no toxicity to human normal epithelial, peripheral and myeloid cells
*antiOx↑, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities are largely due to their abilities to scavenge the reactive oxygen species (ROS)
*Inflam↓,
*ROS↓,
*NF-kB↓, by attenuating the activity of NF-κB and suppressing the expression of several inflammatory cytokines and chemokines including monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1)
*MCP1↓,
*hepatoP↑, Both baicalin and baicalein ... including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anticardiovascular, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, antiviral, anti-ulcerative colitis, antithrombotic, eye protective and neuroprotective activities
*neuroP↑,


* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 8

Results for Effect on Cancer/Diseased Cells:
AntiCan↓,1,   BAX↑,1,   Bcl-2↓,1,   BNIP3↑,1,   cardioP↑,1,   CDK4↓,1,   ChemoSen↑,1,   cMyc↓,1,   cognitive↑,1,   cycD1↓,1,   cycE↑,1,   Hif1a↓,1,   Inflam↓,1,   NF-kB↓,1,   ROS↑,1,   TumCCA↑,1,   VEGF↓,1,  
Total Targets: 17

Results for Effect on Normal Cells:
12LOX↓,2,   ALAT↓,1,   p‑AMPK↑,1,   antiOx↓,1,   antiOx↑,1,   Apoptosis↓,1,   AST↓,1,   BAX↓,1,   Bax:Bcl2↓,1,   BBB↑,1,   BioAv↝,2,   cardioP↑,1,   cognitive↑,1,   COX2↓,2,   DNAdam↓,1,   Dose↝,1,   eff↑,2,   Fas↓,1,   Ferroptosis↓,1,   GSH↑,1,   GutMicro↑,1,   hepatoP↑,4,   HO-1↑,1,   IL10↑,1,   IL1β↓,1,   IL6↓,1,   Inflam↓,2,   iNOS↓,1,   lipid-P↓,1,   MCP1↓,1,   MMP↑,2,   MMP2↓,1,   MMP9↓,1,   MPO↓,1,   neuroP↑,9,   NF-kB↓,2,   NO↓,1,   NRF2↑,1,   p‑NRF2↑,1,   PGE2↓,2,   RenoP↑,1,   ROS?,1,   ROS↓,4,   SOD↑,1,   STAT3↓,1,   TNF-α↓,1,   toxicity↓,1,   β-Amyloid↓,2,  
Total Targets: 48

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: neuroP, neuroprotective
8 Baicalein
1 Baicalin
Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:%  prod#:38  Target#:1105  State#:%  Dir#:%
  wNotes=on  sortOrder:rid,rpid

 

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