Database Query Results : Allicin (mainly Garlic), ,

AL, Allicin (mainly Garlic): Click to Expand ⟱
Features:
Garlic (Allium sativum L.) (active ingredient- Allicin, an active sulfer compound).

Allicin — a reactive organosulfur thiosulfinate generated in situ when garlic (Allium sativum) tissue is crushed (alliin → allicin via alliinase). Functionally, it behaves as a short-lived electrophilic “reactive sulfur species” that rapidly modifies cellular thiols (e.g., glutathione and cysteine residues on proteins), producing broad redox and stress-signaling effects. Classification: small-molecule phytochemical (organosulfur thiosulfinate). Standard abbreviation(s): AL (common in Nestronics), “allicin”. Source/origin: freshly crushed raw garlic; allicin is not present in intact cloves and is chemically unstable, converting to other organosulfur metabolites after formation.

Primary mechanisms (ranked):

  1. Thiol reactivity and redox disruption: rapid GSH/protein-thiol modification (S-thioallylation), shifting redox buffering and triggering oxidative/electrophilic stress signaling.
  2. Mitochondrial stress and intrinsic apoptosis (context-dependent): ΔΨm disruption, cytochrome-c release, caspase activation, ER stress/UPR engagement (often downstream of redox stress).
  3. Inflammatory transcriptional suppression (context-dependent): inhibition of NF-κB–linked programs and, in some models, STAT3 signaling.
  4. Acetate metabolism constraint (model-dependent): reversible inhibition of acetyl-CoA synthetase activity (ACS/ACSS), potentially impacting acetate→acetyl-CoA flux under metabolic stress.
  5. Growth and invasion signaling attenuation (model-dependent): PI3K/AKT and MAPK network modulation with downstream effects on EMT/MMPs and angiogenic programs (e.g., HIF-1α/VEGF).

Bioavailability / PK relevance: “Allicin exposure” is dominated by formation conditions and rapid chemical/biologic turnover. Many oral preparations deliver alliin/alliinase that may generate allicin after ingestion; measured systemic allicin is typically transient, while downstream allyl-sulfur metabolites (e.g., allyl methyl sulfide–related products) are more detectable. Cooking/processing and GI conditions substantially change allicin bioequivalence versus crushed raw garlic.

In-vitro vs systemic exposure relevance: Many anticancer cell studies use ~50–300 µM allicin; whether such free allicin concentrations are achievable at tumor sites after dietary/supplement intake is uncertain because of rapid thiol quenching and conversion to other sulfur species. Reported biological effects at lower concentrations may still occur locally (GI lumen/mucosa) or via metabolites, but direct extrapolation from high-µM in-vitro dosing is high-risk.

Clinical evidence status: Predominantly preclinical (cell/animal) for anticancer mechanisms; human data are mixed and often evaluate garlic preparations rather than purified allicin, with outcomes confounded by formulation-dependent “allicin bioequivalence” and co-occurring organosulfur compounds (e.g., DADS/DATS/SAMC). Cancer-therapeutic evidence remains inconclusive.

DADS (diallyl disulfide is a sulfur-based anticancer drug generated from garlic)
Summary:
- Four main organic sulfides in garlic, diallyl disulfide (DADS), diallyl trisulfide (DATS), S-allylmercaptocysteine (SAMC) and allicin.
- Reversible inhibitor of ACSS2.
- may inhibit NF-κB signaling
- induce oxidative stress in cancer cells by generating ROS
- might downregulate STAT3 activation
- Inconclusive evidence for cancer treatment.
- may inhibit platelet aggregation
Allicin is a reactive sulfur species (RSS) [23] with oxidizing properties, and it is able to oxidize thiols in cells, e.g., glutathione and cysteine residues in proteins.
-Allicin is not present in intact garlic; rather, it is formed when garlic is chopped or crushed. -Using crushed or chopped raw garlic or adding garlic at the end of the cooking process (after the heat is reduced) can help preserve its potential allicin content.
"Consumption of alliinase-inhibited cooked garlic was found to give higher than expected allicin bioequivalence, with AMS formation being about 30% (roasted garlic) or 16% (boiled garlic) that of crushed raw garlic."

-Allicin is not present in intact garlic.
-It's formed enzymatically when alliin (a sulfur-containing amino acid) is converted by alliinase when garlic is chopped or crushed.Best consumed raw immediately after crushing (wait 5–10 min before consuming for full conversion)
-Allicin is unstable, degrading within hours into other sulfur compounds (like diallyl disulfide).

-Note half-life reports vary 2.5-90hrs?.
-moderately water-soluble but rapidly degrades/quenched (especially with thiols), so aqueous solutions have limited practical stability : BioAv


Pathways:
- induce ROS production
- ROS↑ related: MMP↓(ΔΨm), ER Stress↑, Ca+2↑, Cyt‑c↑, Caspases↑, DNA damage↑, UPR↑, cl-PARP↑, HSP↓
- Lowers AntiOxidant defense in Cancer Cells: NRF2↓, GSH↓
- Raises AntiOxidant defense in Normal Cells: NRF2↑, SOD↑, GSH↑, Catalase↑,
- lowers Inflammation : NF-kB↓, COX2↓, p38↓, Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines : IL-1β↓, TNF-α↓, IL-6↓, IL-8↓
- PI3K/AKT(Inhibition), JAK/STATs, Wnt/β-catenin, AMPK, MAPK/ERK, and JNK.
- inhibit Growth/Metastases : EMT↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, VEGF↓, ERK↓
- reactivate genes thereby inhibiting cancer cell growth : HDAC↓(not commonly listed as inhibitor), DNMT1↓, P53↑, HSP↓
- cause Cell cycle arrest : TumCCA↑, cyclin D1↓, cyclin E↓, CDK2↓, CDK4↓, CDK6↓,
- inhibits Migration/Invasion : TumCMig↓, FAK↓, ERK↓,
- inhibits angiogenesis↓ : VEGF↓, HIF-1α↓, EGFR↓,
- inhibits Cancer Stem Cells : CSC↓,
- Others: PI3K↓, AKT↓, STAT3, Wnt↓, β-catenin↓, AMPK↓, ERK↓, JNK,
- Synergies: chemo-sensitization, chemoProtective, RadioSensitizer, RadioProtective, Others(review target notes), Neuroprotective, Cognitive, Renoprotection, Hepatoprotective, CardioProtective,
- Selectivity: Cancer Cells vs Normal Cells

Allicin has been reported to exhibit a range of effects, including:
Antimicrobial activity: 10-50 μM
Antioxidant activity: 10-100 μM
Anti-inflammatory activity: 20-50 μM
Anticancer activity: 50-100 μM or (50–300uM) (2–5 mg allicin per kilogram of body weight per day)
Cardiovascular health: 20-50 μM

Approximate μM concentrations of allicin that can be achieved:
1 clove of garlic (3g): approximately 10-50 μM of allicin
single clove of garlic may yield about 5–9 mg of allicin,
1 tablespoon of minced garlic (15g): approximately 50-150 μM of allicin
1 cup of chopped garlic (100g): approximately 200-500 μM of allicin
1 tablespoon of chopped garlic chives (15g): approximately 5-20 μM of allicin
1 cup of chopped garlic chives (100g): approximately 20-50 μM of allicin
1 ounce (28g) of garlic microgreens: approximately 50-200 μM of allicin
1 cup of garlic microgreens (100g): approximately 200-500 μM of allicin
1 ounce (28g) of garlic chive microgreens: approximately 20-50 μM of allicin
1 cup of garlic chive microgreens (100g): approximately 50-100 μM of allicin

Allicin is a bioactive compound derived from garlic that has garnered significant interest for its potential anticancer properties through multiple mechanisms, including antioxidant activity, induction of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and modulation of key signaling pathways. While regular dietary intake of garlic is associated with cancer prevention benefits, allicin is also being explored as an adjunct to conventional cancer treatments.

Available in supplement tablet/capsule form for example at 2000mg (fresh bulb equilvalent)
IC50 of normal cells it >160mg/mL (large selectivity).
IC50 might be about 12-30ug/ml (approximately 62-185 µM) (which is about 30-90 grams of garlic consumption).
This makes it difficult to consume enough supplements to achieve that level.

Pathways:

ROS Generation and Oxidative Stress (inducing)
• ROS generation is often considered a primary trigger that feeds into downstream pathways (e.g., MAPK activation, mitochondrial membrane permeabilization).
Mitochondrial (Intrinsic) Apoptotic Pathway
• ROS-induced mitochondrial damage can lead to the release of cytochrome c and subsequent activation of caspases (e.g., caspase-9 and caspase-3).
NF-κB Signaling Inhibition (block)
Modulation of MAPK Pathways (e.g., p38 MAPK and JNK)
• ROS generation by allicin can activate stress-responsive kinases such as p38 MAPK and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK).
Inhibition of PI3K/Akt Pathway
ROS levels and PI3K/Akt signaling, with increased oxidative stress often correlating with reduced Akt phosphorylation and activity.

At lower doses, allicin may lead to a modest increase in ROS levels that the cell’s antioxidant defenses (e.g., glutathione, superoxide dismutase) can manage

Allicin (Garlic) — mechanistic axes relevant to oncology

Rank Pathway / Axis Cancer Cells Normal Cells TSF Primary Effect Notes / Interpretation
1 Thiol chemistry and redox buffering GSH↓, protein thiols modified; ROS↑ (dose-dependent) Adaptive buffering often stronger; ROS↔/↑ (context-dependent) P Electrophilic/thiol stress that re-wires signaling Central “first-contact” mechanism: allicin rapidly reacts with cysteine/GSH, so many downstream pathway changes are secondary to thiol stress.
2 Mitochondria and intrinsic apoptosis ΔΨm↓, Cyt-c↑, Caspase↑, cl-PARP↑ Typically less apoptosis at matched doses (selectivity varies) R Pro-apoptotic stress execution Frequently downstream of rank #1; selectivity can reflect baseline redox fragility and metabolic state.
3 ER stress and UPR ER stress↑, UPR↑ (model-dependent) UPR↔/↑ (context-dependent) R Proteostasis stress amplification Can couple to Ca²⁺ release, apoptosis, and inflammatory signaling changes.
4 Ca²⁺ signaling Ca²⁺↑ (model-dependent) Ca²⁺↔/↑ (context-dependent) R Stress coupling to mitochondria/ER Often reported as part of the ER–mitochondria stress axis rather than a primary target.
5 NF-κB inflammatory axis NF-κB↓; cytokine programs↓ (context-dependent) Inflammatory tone↓ (context-dependent) G Anti-inflammatory transcriptional suppression May be beneficial in tumor-promoting inflammation contexts; also relevant to platelet/vascular biology.
6 STAT3 signaling STAT3↓ (model-dependent) STAT3↔ (context-dependent) G Reduced survival/proliferation programs Evidence is model-specific; frequently downstream of redox/inflammation modulation.
7 NRF2 antioxidant response NRF2↓ or maladaptive NRF2 response (context-dependent) NRF2↑ (context-dependent) G Differential stress adaptation Reported “cancer vs normal” divergence is plausible but not universal; strongly dose/model dependent.
8 Acetate to acetyl-CoA metabolism ACS/ACSS activity↓ (model-dependent) ACS/ACSS activity↓ (context-dependent) R Limits acetate utilization under stress Primary biochemical evidence exists for acetyl-CoA synthetase inhibition by allicin; translation to tumor-selective ACSS2 targeting is uncertain without exposure confirmation.
9 PI3K/AKT and MAPK network PI3K/AKT↓, ERK/JNK↔/↓ (model-dependent) ↔ (context-dependent) G Reduced growth/survival signaling Commonly reported but typically secondary to upstream stress/redox effects.
10 HIF-1α and angiogenesis HIF-1α↓, VEGF↓ (model-dependent) ↔ (context-dependent) G Anti-angiogenic signaling shift Most supportive data are preclinical; dependent on hypoxia models and dosing.
11 EMT, migration, invasion EMT↓, MMPs↓ (model-dependent) ↔ (context-dependent) G Reduced invasive phenotype Usually downstream of PI3K/MAPK/inflammation rewiring and/or oxidative stress–driven cytostasis.
12 Radiosensitization and chemosensitization Sensitization↑ (context-dependent) Protection↔/↑ (context-dependent) G Stress-based therapeutic interaction Potential bidirectionality: pro-oxidant sensitization in tumors vs antioxidant adaptation in normal tissues depends on schedule and formulation.
13 Clinical Translation Constraint Chemical instability; rapid thiol quenching; formulation-dependent “allicin bioequivalence”; uncertain tumor-site free-allicin exposure; many in-vitro studies use high µM levels; human cancer outcomes largely from heterogeneous garlic preparations rather than purified allicin. Primary constraint is exposure control, not target plausibility.


Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
2647- AL,    The Mechanism in Gastric Cancer Chemoprevention by Allicin
- Review, GC, NA
"highlight2" >ChemoSen↓, "highlight2" >TumCG↓, "highlight2" >TumCCA↑, "highlight2" >ER Stress↑, "highlight2" >Apoptosis↑, "highlight2" >Casp↑, "highlight2" >DR5↑,
2661- AL,    Allicin alleviates traumatic brain injury-induced neuroinflammation by enhancing PKC-δ-mediated mitophagy
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
"highlight2" >*TNF-α↓, "highlight2" >*IL1β↓, "highlight2" >*IL6↓, "highlight2" >*ROS↓, "highlight2" >*NLRP3↓, "highlight2" >*TLR4↓, "highlight2" >*PKCδ↑, "highlight2" >neuroP↑,
2660- AL,    Allicin: A review of its important pharmacological activities
- Review, AD, NA - Review, Var, NA - Review, Park, NA - Review, Stroke, NA
"highlight2" >*Inflam↓, "highlight2" >AntiCan↑, "highlight2" >*antiOx↑, "highlight2" >*cardioP↑, "highlight2" >*hepatoP↑, "highlight2" >*BBB↑, "highlight2" >*Half-Life↝, "highlight2" >*H2S↑, "highlight2" >*BP↓, "highlight2" >*neuroP↑, "highlight2" >*cognitive↑, "highlight2" >*neuroP↑, "highlight2" >*ROS↓, "highlight2" >*GutMicro↑, "highlight2" >*LDH↓, "highlight2" >*ROS↓, "highlight2" >*lipid-P↓, "highlight2" >*antiOx↑, "highlight2" >*other↑, "highlight2" >*PI3K↓, "highlight2" >*Akt↓, "highlight2" >*NF-kB↓, "highlight2" >*NO↓, "highlight2" >*iNOS↓, "highlight2" >*PGE2↓, "highlight2" >*COX2↓, "highlight2" >*IL6↓, "highlight2" >*TNF-α↓, "highlight2" >*MPO↓, "highlight2" >*eff↑, "highlight2" >*NRF2↑, "highlight2" >*Keap1↓, "highlight2" >*TBARS↓, "highlight2" >*creat↓, "highlight2" >*LDH↓, "highlight2" >*AST↓, "highlight2" >*ALAT↓, "highlight2" >*MDA↓, "highlight2" >*SOD↑, "highlight2" >*GSH↑, "highlight2" >*GSTs↑, "highlight2" >*memory↑, "highlight2" >chemoP↑, "highlight2" >IL8↓, "highlight2" >Cyt‑c↑, "highlight2" >Casp3↑, "highlight2" >Casp8↑, "highlight2" >Casp9↑, "highlight2" >Casp12↑, "highlight2" >p38↑, "highlight2" >Fas↑, "highlight2" >P53↑, "highlight2" >P21↑, "highlight2" >CHK1↓, "highlight2" >CycB/CCNB1↓, "highlight2" >GSH↓, "highlight2" >ROS↑, "highlight2" >TumCCA↑, "highlight2" >Hif1a↓, "highlight2" >Bcl-2↓, "highlight2" >VEGF↓, "highlight2" >TumCMig↓, "highlight2" >STAT3↓, "highlight2" >VEGFR2↓, "highlight2" >p‑FAK↓,
2659- AL,    Allicin inhibits spontaneous and TNF-α induced secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines from intestinal epithelial cells
- in-vitro, HCC, HT29 - in-vitro, HCC, Caco-2
"highlight2" >IL1β↓, "highlight2" >IL8↓, "highlight2" >Inflam↓,
2658- AL,    The Toxic Effect Ways of Allicin on Different Cell Lines
- Review, Var, NA
"highlight2" >*antiOx↑, "highlight2" >*AntiAg↑, "highlight2" >*cardioP↑, "highlight2" >Ca+2↑, "highlight2" >ROS↑, "highlight2" >Casp↑, "highlight2" >p38↑, "highlight2" >MAPK↑, "highlight2" >hepatoP↑, "highlight2" >chemoP↑,
2657- AL,    Allicin pharmacology: Common molecular mechanisms against neuroinflammation and cardiovascular diseases
- Review, CardioV, NA - Review, AD, NA
"highlight2" >*Inflam↓, "highlight2" >*antiOx↑, "highlight2" >*neuroP↑, "highlight2" >*cardioP↑, "highlight2" >*AntiTum↑, "highlight2" >*mtDam↑, "highlight2" >*HSP70/HSPA5↑, "highlight2" >*NRF2↑, "highlight2" >*RAAS↓, "highlight2" >*cognitive↑, "highlight2" >*SOD↑, "highlight2" >*ROS↓, "highlight2" >*NRF2↑, "highlight2" >*ER Stress↓, "highlight2" >*neuroP↑, "highlight2" >*memory↑, "highlight2" >*TBARS↓, "highlight2" >*MPO↓, "highlight2" >*SOD↑, "highlight2" >*GSH↑, "highlight2" >*iNOS↓, "highlight2" >*p‑eNOS↑, "highlight2" >*HO-1↑,
2656- AL,    Allicin Protects PC12 Cells Against 6-OHDA-Induced Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction via Regulating Mitochondrial Dynamics
- in-vitro, Park, PC12
"highlight2" >*antiOx↑, "highlight2" >*Apoptosis↓, "highlight2" >*LDH↓, "highlight2" >ROS↓, "highlight2" >*lipid-P↓, "highlight2" >*mtDam↓, "highlight2" >*MMP↓, "highlight2" >*Cyt‑c↓, "highlight2" >*ATP∅, "highlight2" >*Ca+2↝, "highlight2" >*neuroP↑,
2655- AL,    Allicin and Digestive System Cancers: From Chemical Structure to Its Therapeutic Opportunities
- Review, GC, NA
"highlight2" >TGF-β↓, "highlight2" >cycD1/CCND1↓, "highlight2" >cycE/CCNE↓, "highlight2" >CDK1↓, "highlight2" >DNAdam↑, "highlight2" >ROS↑, "highlight2" >BAX↑, "highlight2" >JNK↑, "highlight2" >MMP↓, "highlight2" >p38↑, "highlight2" >MAPK↑, "highlight2" >Fas↑, "highlight2" >Cyt‑c↑, "highlight2" >Casp8↑, "highlight2" >PARP↑, "highlight2" >Casp3↑, "highlight2" >Casp9↑, "highlight2" >Ca+2↑, "highlight2" >ER Stress↑, "highlight2" >P21↑, "highlight2" >CDK2↓, "highlight2" >CDK6↑, "highlight2" >TumCCA↑, "highlight2" >CDK4↓,
2648- AL,    Allicin Inhibits Osteosarcoma Growth by Promoting Oxidative Stress and Autophagy via the Inactivation of the lncRNA MALAT1-miR-376a-Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway
- in-vitro, OS, SaOS2 - in-vivo, OS, NA
"highlight2" >ROS↑, "highlight2" >TumCG↓, "highlight2" >TumAuto↑, "highlight2" >Wnt↓, "highlight2" >β-catenin/ZEB1↓, "highlight2" >MALAT1↓,
2662- AL,    Allicin inhibits tubular epithelial-myofibroblast transdifferentiation under high glucose conditions in vitro
- in-vitro, Nor, HK-2
"highlight2" >*α-SMA↓, "highlight2" >*Vim↓, "highlight2" >*COL1↓, "highlight2" >*E-cadherin↑, "highlight2" >*TGF-β1↓, "highlight2" >*p‑ERK↓, "highlight2" >*EMT↓,
2646- AL,    Anti-Cancer Potential of Homemade Fresh Garlic Extract Is Related to Increased Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress
- in-vitro, Pca, DU145 - in-vitro, Melanoma, RPMI-8226
"highlight2" >AntiCan↑, "highlight2" >eff↓, "highlight2" >ChemoSen↑, "highlight2" >ER Stress↑, "highlight2" >tumCV↓, "highlight2" >DNAdam↑, "highlight2" >GSH∅, "highlight2" >HSP70/HSPA5↓, "highlight2" >UPR↑, "highlight2" >β-catenin/ZEB1↓, "highlight2" >ROS↑, "highlight2" >HO-2↑, "highlight2" >SIRT1↑, "highlight2" >GlucoseCon∅, "highlight2" >lactateProd∅, "highlight2" >chemoP↑,
2645- AL,    Allicin improves endoplasmic reticulum stress-related cognitive deficits via PERK/Nrf2 antioxidative signaling pathway
- NA, AD, NA
"highlight2" >*neuroP↑,
2560- AL,    Effect of garlic on platelet aggregation in humans: a study in healthy subjects and patients with coronary artery disease
- ex-vivo, Nor, NA
"highlight2" >*AntiAg↑, "highlight2" >BioAv↝, "highlight2" >Dose↝,
2559- AL,    Effect of the Garlic Pill in comparison with Plavix on Platelet Aggregation and Bleeding Time
- Human, Nor, NA
"highlight2" >AntiAg↑, "highlight2" >COX2↓, "highlight2" >cardioP↑,
2558- AL,    Allicin, an Antioxidant and Neuroprotective Agent, Ameliorates Cognitive Impairment
- Review, AD, NA
"highlight2" >*AntiCan↑, "highlight2" >*antiOx↑, "highlight2" >*cardioP↑, "highlight2" >*neuroP↑, "highlight2" >cognitive↑, "highlight2" >*ROS↓, "highlight2" >*NOX↓, "highlight2" >*TLR4↓, "highlight2" >*NF-kB↓, "highlight2" >*JNK↓, "highlight2" >*AntiAg↑, "highlight2" >*H2S↑, "highlight2" >*BP↓, "highlight2" >Telomerase↓, "highlight2" >*Insulin↑, "highlight2" >BioAv↝, "highlight2" >*GSH↑, "highlight2" >*Catalase↑,
2557- AL,    Allicin, a naturally occurring antibiotic from garlic, specifically inhibits acetyl-CoA synthetase
- in-vitro, NA, NA
"highlight2" >ACSS2↓,
231- AL,    Molecular Docking Studies with Garlic Phytochemical Constituents to Inhibit the Human EGFR Protein for Lung Cancer Therapy
- Analysis, Lung, NA
"highlight2" >EGFR↓, "highlight2" >ROS↑,
5165- AL,    The human allicin-proteome: S-thioallylation of proteins by the garlic defence substance allicin and its biological effects
- in-vitro, AML, Jurkat - in-vitro, Nor, L929
"highlight2" >necrosis↑, "highlight2" >Thiols↓, "highlight2" >GSH↓, "highlight2" >ENO1↓, "highlight2" >Zn2+↑, "highlight2" >Glycolysis↓, "highlight2" >ATP↓, "highlight2" >BioAv↓,
5356- AL,    Therapeutic role of allicin in gastrointestinal cancers: mechanisms and safety aspects
- Review, GC, NA
"highlight2" >Apoptosis↑, "highlight2" >TumCP↓, "highlight2" >MAPK↓, "highlight2" >PI3K↓, "highlight2" >Akt↓, "highlight2" >NF-kB↓, "highlight2" >AntiCan↑, "highlight2" >ChemoSen↑, "highlight2" >TumCCA↑, "highlight2" >Apoptosis↑, "highlight2" >BioAv↑, "highlight2" >selectivity↑, "highlight2" >TGF-β↓, "highlight2" >ROS↑, "highlight2" >DNAdam↑, "highlight2" >p‑P53↑, "highlight2" >P21↑, "highlight2" >cycD1/CCND1↓, "highlight2" >cycE/CCNE↓, "highlight2" >CDK4↓, "highlight2" >CDK6↓, "highlight2" >MMP↓, "highlight2" >NF-kB↑, "highlight2" >BAX↑, "highlight2" >Bcl-2↓, "highlight2" >ER Stress↑, "highlight2" >Casp↑, "highlight2" >AIF↑, "highlight2" >Fas↑, "highlight2" >Casp8↑, "highlight2" >Cyt‑c↑, "highlight2" >cl‑PARP↑, "highlight2" >Ca+2↑, "highlight2" >*NRF2↑, "highlight2" >*chemoP↑, "highlight2" >*GutMicro↑, "highlight2" >CycB/CCNB1↑, "highlight2" >H2S↑, "highlight2" >HIF-1↓, "highlight2" >RadioS↑,
5355- AL,    Mini-review: The health benefits and applications of allicin
- Review, Var, NA
"highlight2" >*BioAv↑, "highlight2" >*cardioP↑, "highlight2" >*hepatoP↑, "highlight2" >*RenoP↑, "highlight2" >*Half-Life↝, "highlight2" >*BioAv↓, "highlight2" >*neuroP↑, "highlight2" >*cognitive↑, "highlight2" >*ROS↓, "highlight2" >*lipid-P↓, "highlight2" >*DNArepair↑, "highlight2" >*ChemoSen↑,
5354- AL,    Therapeutic Potential of Allicin-Rich Garlic Preparations: Emphasis on Clinical Evidence toward Upcoming Drugs Formulation
- Review, Var, NA
"highlight2" >*LDL↓, "highlight2" >*antiOx↑, "highlight2" >AntiCan↑, "highlight2" >*cardioP↑, "highlight2" >*BP↓, "highlight2" >*Weight↓, "highlight2" >NK cell↑, "highlight2" >*AntiDiabetic↑, "highlight2" >*GSH↑,
5353- AL,    Aged Garlic Extract May Be Safe for Patients on Warfarin Therapy
- Human, Nor, NA
"highlight2" >*AntiAg↑, "highlight2" >*toxicity↓, "highlight2" >*cardioP↑, "highlight2" >*Dose↝,
5352- AL,    Anticancer potential of allicin: A review
- Review, Var, NA
"highlight2" >*cardioP↑, "highlight2" >*Bacteria↓, "highlight2" >*Inflam↓, "highlight2" >AntiTum↑, "highlight2" >*DNAdam↓, "highlight2" >TumCP↓, "highlight2" >angioG↓, "highlight2" >TumMeta↓,
5168- AL,    Allicin (from garlic) induces caspase-mediated apoptosis in cancer cells
- in-vitro, Var, NA
"highlight2" >TumCG↓, "highlight2" >Casp3↑, "highlight2" >Casp8↑, "highlight2" >Casp9↑, "highlight2" >chemoPv↑,
5167- AL,    The Effects of Allicin, a Reactive Sulfur Species from Garlic, on a Selection of Mammalian Cell Lines
- in-vitro, Nor, 3T3 - in-vitro, BC, MCF-7 - in-vitro, Lung, A549 - in-vitro, CRC, HT-29
"highlight2" >Thiols↓, "highlight2" >tumCV↓, "highlight2" >TumCP↓, "highlight2" >GSH↓, "highlight2" >GSSG↑, "highlight2" >ROS↑,
5166- AL,    Antimicrobial properties of allicin from garlic
- in-vitro, Nor, NA
"highlight2" >*Bacteria?, "highlight2" >*Thiols↓, "highlight2" >*TrxR↓,
2463- AL,    Garlic as an antithrombotic and antiplatelet aggregation agent
- Review, Nor, NA
"highlight2" >AntiAg↑, "highlight2" >other↑,
2770- AL,    Allicin protects against renal ischemia–reperfusion injury by attenuating oxidative stress and apoptosis
- in-vivo, Nor, NA - in-vitro, Nor, NRK52E
"highlight2" >*antiOx↑, "highlight2" >*RenoP↑, "highlight2" >*MDA↓, "highlight2" >*SOD↑,
2669- AL,  Rad,    Inhibition of ICAM-1 expression by garlic component, allicin, in gamma-irradiated human vascular endothelial cells via downregulation of the JNK signaling pathway
- in-vitro, Nor, HUVECs
"highlight2" >*ICAM-1↓, "highlight2" >*AP-1↓, "highlight2" >*p‑cJun↓, "highlight2" >*radioP↑, "highlight2" >JNK↓,
2668- AL,  Rad,    Allicin enhances the radiosensitivity of colorectal cancer cells via inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway
- in-vitro, CRC, HCT116
"highlight2" >RadioS↑, "highlight2" >NF-kB↓,
2667- AL,    Allicin in Digestive System Cancer: From Biological Effects to Clinical Treatment
- Review, GC, NA
"highlight2" >AntiCan↑, "highlight2" >ChemoSen↑, "highlight2" >angioG↓, "highlight2" >chemoP↑, "highlight2" >*GutMicro↑, "highlight2" >*antiOx↑, "highlight2" >other↝, "highlight2" >GSH↓, "highlight2" >Thiols↓, "highlight2" >*ROS↓, "highlight2" >*hepatoP↑, "highlight2" >*Inflam↓, "highlight2" >*NF-kB↓,
2666- AL,    Targeting the Interplay of Autophagy and ROS for Cancer Therapy: An Updated Overview on Phytochemicals
- Review, Var, NA
"highlight2" >Inflam↓, "highlight2" >AntiCan↑, "highlight2" >ROS↑, "highlight2" >MAPK↑, "highlight2" >JNK↑, "highlight2" >TumAuto↑, "highlight2" >other↑, "highlight2" >Dose↝, "highlight2" >MALAT1↓, "highlight2" >Wnt↓, "highlight2" >β-catenin/ZEB1↓,
2665- AL,    Anticancerous and Antimicrobial Properties of Garlic
- Review, Var, NA
"highlight2" >DNMTs↓, "highlight2" >DNMT1↓,
2663- AL,    Therapeutic Effect of Allicin on Glioblastoma
- in-vitro, GBM, U251 - in-vitro, GBM, U87MG
"highlight2" >BioAv↝, "highlight2" >TumCCA↑, "highlight2" >P53↑, "highlight2" >HDAC↓, "highlight2" >CSCs↓, "highlight2" >ROS↑, "highlight2" >ChemoSen↑, "highlight2" >MGMT↓,
245- AL,    Allicin: a promising modulator of apoptosis and survival signaling in cancer
- Review, Var, NA
"highlight2" >Fas↑, "highlight2" >Bcl-2↓, "highlight2" >BAX↑, "highlight2" >PI3k/Akt/mTOR↝, "highlight2" >Casp3↑, "highlight2" >Casp8↑, "highlight2" >Casp9↑, "highlight2" >Apoptosis↓, "highlight2" >*toxicity↓, "highlight2" >Cyt‑c↑,
254- AL,    Allicin and Cancer Hallmarks
- Review, Var, NA
"highlight2" >NRF2⇅, "highlight2" >BAX↑, "highlight2" >Bcl-2↓, "highlight2" >Fas↑, "highlight2" >MMP↓, "highlight2" >Bax:Bcl2↑, "highlight2" >Cyt‑c↑, "highlight2" >Casp3↑, "highlight2" >Casp12↑, "highlight2" >GSH↓, "highlight2" >TumCCA↑, "highlight2" >ROS↑, "highlight2" >antiOx↓,
253- AL,    Allicin inhibits invasion and migration of breast cancer cells through the suppression of VCAM-1: Regulation of association between p65 and ER-α
- in-vitro, BC, MDA-MB-231
"highlight2" >TumCMig↓, "highlight2" >ERK↓, "highlight2" >VCAM-1↓, "highlight2" >NF-kB↓,
251- AL,    Inhibition of allicin in Eca109 and EC9706 cells via G2/M phase arrest and mitochondrial apoptosis pathway
- in-vitro, ESCC, Eca109 - in-vitro, ESCC, EC9706 - in-vivo, NA, NA
"highlight2" >Apoptosis↑, "highlight2" >P53↑, "highlight2" >P21↑, "highlight2" >CHK1↑, "highlight2" >CycB/CCNB1↓, "highlight2" >BAX↑, "highlight2" >Casp3↑, "highlight2" >Casp9↑, "highlight2" >Cyt‑c↑,
250- AL,    Allicin Induces p53-Mediated Autophagy in Hep G2 Human Liver Cancer Cells
- in-vitro, Liver, HepG2
"highlight2" >P53↓, "highlight2" >PI3K↓, "highlight2" >mTOR↓, "highlight2" >Bcl-2↓, "highlight2" >AMPK↑, "highlight2" >TSC2↑, "highlight2" >Beclin-1↑, "highlight2" >TumAuto↑, "highlight2" >tumCV↓, "highlight2" >ATG7↑, "highlight2" >MMP↓,
249- AL,    Allicin induces apoptosis of the MGC-803 human gastric carcinoma cell line through the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase/caspase-3 signaling pathway
- in-vitro, GC, MGC803
"highlight2" >Casp3↑, "highlight2" >p38↑, "highlight2" >BAX↑, "highlight2" >Bcl-2↓, "highlight2" >p38↑, "highlight2" >MAPK↑,
248- AL,    Allicin inhibits cell growth and induces apoptosis in U87MG human glioblastoma cells through an ERK-dependent pathway
- in-vitro, GBM, U87MG
"highlight2" >Bcl-2↓, "highlight2" >BAX↑, "highlight2" >MAPK↑, "highlight2" >ERK↑, "highlight2" >ROS↑, "highlight2" >p38↑, "highlight2" >JNK↑,
247- AL,    Allicin inhibits the invasion of lung adenocarcinoma cells by altering tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase/matrix metalloproteinase balance via reducing the activity of phosphoinositide 3-kinase/AKT signaling
- in-vitro, Lung, A549 - in-vitro, Lung, H1299
"highlight2" >MMP2↓, "highlight2" >MMP9↓, "highlight2" >TIMP1↑, "highlight2" >TIMP2↑, "highlight2" >p‑Akt↓, "highlight2" >PI3K/Akt↓,
246- AL,    Allicin induces apoptosis of the MGC-803 human gastric carcinoma cell line through the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase/caspase-3 signaling pathway
- in-vitro, GC, MGC803
"highlight2" >Apoptosis↑, "highlight2" >cl‑Casp3↑, "highlight2" >p38↑, "highlight2" >tumCV↓, "highlight2" >BAX↑, "highlight2" >Bcl-2↑,
255- AL,    Allicin induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of breast cancer cells in vitro via modulating the p53 pathway
- in-vitro, BC, MCF-7 - in-vitro, BC, MDA-MB-231
"highlight2" >Apoptosis↑, "highlight2" >P53↑, "highlight2" >Casp3↑, "highlight2" >P53↑, "highlight2" >TPM4↓, "highlight2" >TumCCA↑, "highlight2" >THBS1↑,
241- AL,    Role of p38 MAPK activation and mitochondrial cytochrome-c release in allicin-induced apoptosis in SK-N-SH cells
- in-vitro, neuroblastoma, SK-N-SH
"highlight2" >Casp3↑, "highlight2" >Casp9↑, "highlight2" >p38↑, "highlight2" >MAPK↑, "highlight2" >Cyt‑c↑, "highlight2" >Apoptosis↑,
239- AL,    Allicin induces apoptosis in gastric cancer cells through activation of both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways
- in-vitro, GC, SGC-7901
"highlight2" >Apoptosis↑, "highlight2" >Cyt‑c↑, "highlight2" >Casp3↑, "highlight2" >Casp8↑, "highlight2" >Casp9↑, "highlight2" >BAX↑, "highlight2" >Fas↑, "highlight2" >tumCV↓, "highlight2" >DNAdam↑, "highlight2" >ROS↑, "highlight2" >Telomerase↓,
236- AL,    Allicin: Chemistry and Biological Properties
- Analysis, NA, NA
"highlight2" >GSH↓, "highlight2" >Bacteria↓, "highlight2" >LDL↓, "highlight2" >ROS↑, "highlight2" >NRF2↑, "highlight2" >cognitive↑, "highlight2" >memory↑, "highlight2" >BP↓, "highlight2" >RNS↓,
235- AL,    Allicin inhibits cell growth and induces apoptosis in U87MG human glioblastoma cells through an ERK-dependent pathway
- in-vitro, GBM, U87MG
"highlight2" >Apoptosis↑, "highlight2" >Bcl-2↓, "highlight2" >BAX↑, "highlight2" >MAPK↑, "highlight2" >p‑ERK↑, "highlight2" >ROS↑, "highlight2" >eff↓,
234- AL,    Allicin Induces Anti-human Liver Cancer Cells through the p53 Gene Modulating Apoptosis and Autophagy
- in-vitro, HCC, Hep3B
"highlight2" >ROS↑, "highlight2" >*toxicity∅, "highlight2" >MMP↓, "highlight2" >BAX↑, "highlight2" >Bcl-2↓, "highlight2" >AIF↑, "highlight2" >Casp3↑, "highlight2" >Casp8↑, "highlight2" >Casp9↑, "highlight2" >eff↓, "highlight2" >γH2AX↑, "highlight2" >selectivity↑, "highlight2" >DNA-PK↑,
233- AL,  5-FU,    Allicin sensitizes hepatocellular cancer cells to anti-tumor activity of 5-fluorouracil through ROS-mediated mitochondrial pathway
- in-vivo, Liver, NA
"highlight2" >ROS↑, "highlight2" >MMP↓, "highlight2" >Casp3↑, "highlight2" >PARP↑, "highlight2" >Bcl-2↓,
232- AL,    A Single Meal Containing Raw, Crushed Garlic Influences Expression of Immunity- and Cancer-Related Genes in Whole Blood of Humans
- Human, Nor, NA
"highlight2" >*AhR↑, "highlight2" >*ARNT↑, "highlight2" >*Hif1a↑, "highlight2" >*Jun↑, "highlight2" >*NFAT↑, "highlight2" >*NFAM1↑, "highlight2" >*REL↑, "highlight2" >*OSM↑, "highlight2" >*NFAT↑, "highlight2" >*CXCc↑, "highlight2" >*IL2↑, "highlight2" >*IL6↑, "highlight2" >*LIF↑,
549- AL,    Allicin, a naturally occurring antibiotic from garlic, specifically inhibits acetyl-CoA synthetase
"highlight2" >ACSS2↓,
2000- AL,    Exploring the ROS-mediated anti-cancer potential in human triple-negative breast cancer by garlic bulb extract: A source of therapeutically active compounds
- in-vitro, BC, MDA-MB-231 - in-vitro, BC, MCF-7 - in-vitro, Nor, NA
"highlight2" >selectivity↑, "highlight2" >TumCG?, "highlight2" >*toxicity∅, "highlight2" >ROS↑, "highlight2" >MMP↓, "highlight2" >TumCCA↑, "highlight2" >P53↑, "highlight2" >Bcl-2↓, "highlight2" >p‑Akt↓, "highlight2" >p‑p38↓, "highlight2" >*ROS∅,
1916- AL,    Allicin Bioavailability and Bioequivalence from Garlic Supplements and Garlic Foods
- Review, Nor, NA
"highlight2" >*BioAv↝, "highlight2" >*eff↓, "highlight2" >*BioAv↝, "highlight2" >*BioAv↝, "highlight2" >*eff↑, "highlight2" >*Half-Life∅, "highlight2" >*eff↑, "highlight2" >*eff↑, "highlight2" >*Dose∅, "highlight2" >*eff↑,
1290- AL,    Effect of allicin on the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax protein in LM-8 cells
- in-vitro, OS, LM8
"highlight2" >Bcl-2↓, "highlight2" >BAX↑, "highlight2" >Apoptosis↑, "highlight2" >TumCG↓,
1069- AL,    Allicin promotes autophagy and ferroptosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by activating AMPK/mTOR signaling
- vitro+vivo, ESCC, TE1 - vitro+vivo, ESCC, KYSE-510 - in-vitro, Nor, Het-1A
"highlight2" >TumCP↓, "highlight2" >LC3‑Ⅱ/LC3‑Ⅰ↑, "highlight2" >p62↓, "highlight2" >p‑AMPK↑, "highlight2" >mTOR↓, "highlight2" >TumAuto↑, "highlight2" >NCOA4↑, "highlight2" >MDA↑, "highlight2" >Iron↑, "highlight2" >TumW↓, "highlight2" >TumVol↓, "highlight2" >ATG5↑, "highlight2" >ATG7↑, "highlight2" >TfR1/CD71↓, "highlight2" >FTH1↓, "highlight2" >ROS↑, "highlight2" >Iron↑, "highlight2" >Ferroptosis↑, "highlight2" >*toxicity↓,
1023- AL,    Allicin May Promote Reversal of T-Cell Dysfunction in Periodontitis via the PD-1 Pathway
- in-vitro, NA, NA - Analysis, NA, NA
"highlight2" >PD-L1↓,
551- AL,    The Influence of Heating on the Anticancer Properties of Garlic
- Analysis, NA, NA
"highlight2" >other↓,
550- AL,    A Review on Anticancer Activities of Garlic (Allium sativum L.)
- Review, NA, NA
"highlight2" >ChemoSideEff↓, "highlight2" >other↝,
2462- AL,    Comparison of antiplatelet activity of garlic tablets with cardio-protective dose of aspirin in healthy volunteers: a randomized clinical trial
- Trial, Nor, NA
"highlight2" >AntiAg∅,
548- AL,    Aged Garlic and Cancer: A Systematic Review
- Review, NA, NA
"highlight2" >Risk↓,
547- AL,    Garlic and Cancer: A Critical Review of the Epidemiologic Literature
- Review, NA, NA
"highlight2" >Risk↓,
546- AL,    Effects of garlic intake on cancer: a systematic review of randomized clinical trials and cohort studies
- Review, NA, NA
"highlight2" >Risk↓, "highlight2" >TumVol↓,
545- AL,    Association and mechanism of garlic consumption with gastrointestinal cancer risk: A systematic review and meta‑analysis
"highlight2" >Risk↓,
544- AL,    Garlic constituents for cancer prevention and therapy: From phytochemistry to novel formulations
"highlight2" >Risk↓, "highlight2" >ChemoSideEff↓, "highlight2" >TumCG↓, "highlight2" >NF-kB⇅,
257- AL,  Cisplatin,    Allicin Overcomes Hypoxia Mediated Cisplatin Resistance in Lung Cancer Cells through ROS Mediated Cell Death Pathway and by Suppressing Hypoxia Inducible Factors
- in-vitro, NSCLC, A549
"highlight2" >ROS↑, "highlight2" >HIF-1↓, "highlight2" >E-cadherin↑, "highlight2" >N-cadherin↓, "highlight2" >antiOx↓, "highlight2" >Dose↝,
256- AL,  doxoR,    Allicin Overcomes Doxorubicin Resistance of Breast Cancer Cells by Targeting the Nrf2 Pathway
- in-vitro, BC, MCF-7 - in-vitro, BC, MDA-MB-231
"highlight2" >NRF2↓, "highlight2" >HO-1↓, "highlight2" >p‑Akt↓,
2576- ART/DHA,  AL,    The Synergistic Anticancer Effect of Artesunate Combined with Allicin in Osteosarcoma Cell Line in Vitro and in Vivo
- in-vitro, OS, MG63 - in-vivo, NA, NA
"highlight2" >eff↑, "highlight2" >tumCV↓, "highlight2" >Casp3↑, "highlight2" >Casp9↑, "highlight2" >Apoptosis↑, "highlight2" >TumCG↓,

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 68

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

antiOx↓, 2,   Ferroptosis↑, 1,   GSH↓, 6,   GSH∅, 1,   GSSG↑, 1,   HO-1↓, 1,   HO-2↑, 1,   Iron↑, 2,   MDA↑, 1,   NRF2↓, 1,   NRF2↑, 1,   NRF2⇅, 1,   RNS↓, 1,   ROS↓, 1,   ROS↑, 20,   Thiols↓, 3,  

Metal & Cofactor Biology ⓘ

FTH1↓, 1,   NCOA4↑, 1,   TfR1/CD71↓, 1,   Zn2+↑, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ

AIF↑, 2,   ATP↓, 1,   MMP↓, 7,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

ACSS2↓, 2,   AMPK↑, 1,   p‑AMPK↑, 1,   ATG7↑, 2,   ENO1↓, 1,   GlucoseCon∅, 1,   Glycolysis↓, 1,   H2S↑, 1,   lactateProd∅, 1,   LDL↓, 1,   PI3K/Akt↓, 1,   PI3k/Akt/mTOR↝, 1,   SIRT1↑, 1,  

Cell Death ⓘ

Akt↓, 1,   p‑Akt↓, 3,   Apoptosis↓, 1,   Apoptosis↑, 11,   BAX↑, 12,   Bax:Bcl2↑, 1,   Bcl-2↓, 12,   Bcl-2↑, 1,   Casp↑, 3,   Casp12↑, 2,   Casp3↑, 13,   cl‑Casp3↑, 1,   Casp8↑, 7,   Casp9↑, 9,   Cyt‑c↑, 8,   DR5↑, 1,   Fas↑, 6,   Ferroptosis↑, 1,   JNK↓, 1,   JNK↑, 3,   MAPK↓, 1,   MAPK↑, 7,   necrosis↑, 1,   p38↑, 8,   p‑p38↓, 1,   Telomerase↓, 2,  

Kinase & Signal Transduction ⓘ

TSC2↑, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ

other↓, 1,   other↑, 2,   other↝, 2,   tumCV↓, 6,  

Protein Folding & ER Stress ⓘ

ER Stress↑, 4,   HSP70/HSPA5↓, 1,   UPR↑, 1,  

Autophagy & Lysosomes ⓘ

ATG5↑, 1,   Beclin-1↑, 1,   LC3‑Ⅱ/LC3‑Ⅰ↑, 1,   p62↓, 1,   TumAuto↑, 4,  

DNA Damage & Repair ⓘ

CHK1↓, 1,   CHK1↑, 1,   DNA-PK↑, 1,   DNAdam↑, 4,   DNMT1↓, 1,   DNMTs↓, 1,   MGMT↓, 1,   P53↓, 1,   P53↑, 6,   p‑P53↑, 1,   PARP↑, 2,   cl‑PARP↑, 1,   γH2AX↑, 1,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence ⓘ

CDK1↓, 1,   CDK2↓, 1,   CDK4↓, 2,   CycB/CCNB1↓, 2,   CycB/CCNB1↑, 1,   cycD1/CCND1↓, 2,   cycE/CCNE↓, 2,   P21↑, 4,   TumCCA↑, 8,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

CSCs↓, 1,   ERK↓, 1,   ERK↑, 1,   p‑ERK↑, 1,   HDAC↓, 1,   mTOR↓, 2,   PI3K↓, 2,   STAT3↓, 1,   TPM4↓, 1,   TumCG?, 1,   TumCG↓, 6,   Wnt↓, 2,   Zn2+↑, 1,  

Migration ⓘ

AntiAg↑, 2,   AntiAg∅, 1,   Ca+2↑, 3,   E-cadherin↑, 1,   p‑FAK↓, 1,   MALAT1↓, 2,   MMP2↓, 1,   MMP9↓, 1,   N-cadherin↓, 1,   TGF-β↓, 2,   THBS1↑, 1,   TIMP1↑, 1,   TIMP2↑, 1,   TumCMig↓, 2,   TumCP↓, 4,   TumMeta↓, 1,   VCAM-1↓, 1,   β-catenin/ZEB1↓, 3,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

angioG↓, 2,   EGFR↓, 1,   HIF-1↓, 2,   Hif1a↓, 1,   VEGF↓, 1,   VEGFR2↓, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

COX2↓, 1,   IL1β↓, 1,   IL8↓, 2,   Inflam↓, 2,   NF-kB↓, 3,   NF-kB↑, 1,   NF-kB⇅, 1,   NK cell↑, 1,   PD-L1↓, 1,  

Hormonal & Nuclear Receptors ⓘ

CDK6↓, 1,   CDK6↑, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

BioAv↓, 1,   BioAv↑, 1,   BioAv↝, 3,   ChemoSen↓, 1,   ChemoSen↑, 4,   Dose↝, 3,   eff↓, 3,   eff↑, 1,   RadioS↑, 2,   selectivity↑, 3,  

Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ

BP↓, 1,   EGFR↓, 1,   PD-L1↓, 1,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

AntiCan↑, 6,   AntiTum↑, 1,   cardioP↑, 1,   chemoP↑, 4,   chemoPv↑, 1,   ChemoSideEff↓, 2,   cognitive↑, 2,   hepatoP↑, 1,   memory↑, 1,   neuroP↑, 1,   Risk↓, 5,   TumVol↓, 2,   TumW↓, 1,  

Infection & Microbiome ⓘ

Bacteria↓, 1,  
Total Targets: 172

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

antiOx↑, 9,   Catalase↑, 1,   GSH↑, 4,   GSTs↑, 1,   HO-1↑, 1,   Keap1↓, 1,   lipid-P↓, 3,   MDA↓, 2,   MPO↓, 2,   NRF2↑, 4,   ROS↓, 7,   ROS∅, 1,   SOD↑, 4,   TBARS↓, 2,   Thiols↓, 1,   TrxR↓, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ

ATP∅, 1,   Insulin↑, 1,   MMP↓, 1,   mtDam↓, 1,   mtDam↑, 1,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

ALAT↓, 1,   H2S↑, 2,   LDH↓, 3,   LDL↓, 1,  

Cell Death ⓘ

AhR↑, 1,   Akt↓, 1,   Apoptosis↓, 1,   Cyt‑c↓, 1,   iNOS↓, 2,   JNK↓, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ

p‑cJun↓, 1,   other↑, 1,  

Protein Folding & ER Stress ⓘ

ER Stress↓, 1,   HSP70/HSPA5↑, 1,  

DNA Damage & Repair ⓘ

DNAdam↓, 1,   DNArepair↑, 1,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

EMT↓, 1,   p‑ERK↓, 1,   Jun↑, 1,   PI3K↓, 1,  

Migration ⓘ

AntiAg↑, 4,   AP-1↓, 1,   Ca+2↝, 1,   COL1↓, 1,   E-cadherin↑, 1,   NFAM1↑, 1,   NFAT↑, 2,   PKCδ↑, 1,   TGF-β1↓, 1,   Vim↓, 1,   α-SMA↓, 1,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

p‑eNOS↑, 1,   Hif1a↑, 1,   NO↓, 1,   REL↑, 1,  

Barriers & Transport ⓘ

BBB↑, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

COX2↓, 1,   CXCc↑, 1,   ICAM-1↓, 1,   IL1β↓, 1,   IL2↑, 1,   IL6↓, 2,   IL6↑, 1,   Inflam↓, 4,   LIF↑, 1,   NF-kB↓, 3,   OSM↑, 1,   PGE2↓, 1,   TLR4↓, 2,   TNF-α↓, 2,  

Cellular Microenvironment ⓘ

NOX↓, 1,  

Protein Aggregation ⓘ

NLRP3↓, 1,  

Hormonal & Nuclear Receptors ⓘ

ARNT↑, 1,   RAAS↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

BioAv↓, 1,   BioAv↑, 1,   BioAv↝, 3,   ChemoSen↑, 1,   Dose↝, 1,   Dose∅, 1,   eff↓, 1,   eff↑, 5,   Half-Life↝, 2,   Half-Life∅, 1,  

Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ

ALAT↓, 1,   AST↓, 1,   BP↓, 3,   creat↓, 1,   GutMicro↑, 3,   IL6↓, 2,   IL6↑, 1,   LDH↓, 3,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

AntiCan↑, 1,   AntiDiabetic↑, 1,   AntiTum↑, 1,   cardioP↑, 8,   chemoP↑, 1,   cognitive↑, 3,   hepatoP↑, 3,   memory↑, 2,   neuroP↑, 8,   radioP↑, 1,   RenoP↑, 2,   toxicity↓, 3,   toxicity∅, 2,   Weight↓, 1,  

Infection & Microbiome ⓘ

Bacteria?, 1,   Bacteria↓, 1,  
Total Targets: 109

Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:%  prod#:27  Target#:%  State#:%  Dir#:%
  wNotes=0  sortOrder:rid,rpid

 

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