| Features: Anti-oxidant, anti-tumor | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Thymoquinone is a bioactive compound found in the seeds of Nigella sativa, commonly known as black seed or black cumin. Pathways: -Cell cycle arrest, apoptosis induction, ROS generation in cancer cells -inhibit the activation of NF-κB, Suppress the PI3K/Akt signaling cascade -Inhibit angiogenic factors such as VEGF, MMPs -Inhibit HDACs, UHRF1, and DNMTs -Note half-life 3-6hrs. BioAv low oral bioavailability due to its lipophilic nature. Note refridgeration of Black seed oil improves the stability of TQ. DIY: ~1 part lecithin : 2–3 parts black seed oil : 4–5 parts warm water. (chat ai) Pathways: - usually induce ROS production in Cancer cells, and lowers ROS in normal cells - ROS↑ related: MMP↓(ΔΨm), ER Stress↑, GRP78↑, Cyt‑c↑, Caspases↑, DNA damage↑, cl-PARP↑, HSP↓, Prx, - May Low AntiOxidant defense in Cancer Cells: NRF2↓(usually contrary), GSH↓ HO1↓(contrary), GPx↓ - Raises AntiOxidant defense in Normal Cells: ROS↓, NRF2↑, SOD↑, GSH↑, Catalase↑, - lowers Inflammation : NF-kB↓, COX2↓, p38↓, Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines : NLRP3↓, IL-1β↓, TNF-α↓, IL-6↓, IL-8↓ - inhibit Growth/Metastases : TumMeta↓, TumCG↓, EMT↓, MMPs↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, VEGF↓, FAK↓, NF-κB↓, CXCR4↓, TGF-β↓, ERK↓ - reactivate genes thereby inhibiting cancer cell growth : HDAC↓, DNMTs↓, EZH2↓, P53↑, HSP↓, Sp proteins↓, TET↑ - cause Cell cycle arrest : TumCCA↑, cyclin D1↓, cyclin E↓, CDK2↓, CDK4↓, CDK6↓, - inhibits Migration/Invasion : TumCMig↓, TumCI↓, TNF-α↓, FAK↓, ERK↓, EMT↓, - inhibits glycolysis /Warburg Effect and ATP depletion : HIF-1α↓, PKM2↓, cMyc↓, GLUT1↓, LDH↓, LDHA↓, HK2↓, PDKs↓, GRP78↑, GlucoseCon↓ - inhibits angiogenesis↓ : VEGF↓, HIF-1α↓, Notch↓, EGFR↓, Integrins↓, - Others: PI3K↓, AKT↓, JAK↓, STAT↓, Wnt↓, β-catenin↓, AMPK, α↓, ERK↓, JNK, - Synergies: chemo-sensitization, chemoProtective, RadioSensitizer, RadioProtective, Others(review target notes), Neuroprotective, Cognitive, Renoprotection, Hepatoprotective, CardioProtective, - Selectivity: Cancer Cells vs Normal Cells
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| A cytokine that regulates humoral and adaptive immunity, and is involved in allergies and regulates inflammation. IL-4 produced by cancer cells promotes resistance to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). The close correlation between interleukin-4 (IL-4) and tumor progression has been observed in plenty of studies. IL-4 is expressed in various cancers, including breast cancer, lung cancer, colorectal cancer, and hematological malignancies. Its expression can vary depending on the tumor type and the immune context. Elevated levels of IL-4 are often associated with the presence of tumor-infiltrating immune cells, particularly Th2 cells and other immune cells that produce IL-4. IL-4 is often considered a pro-tumorigenic cytokine. It can promote tumor growth and survival by enhancing the proliferation and survival of cancer cells. IL-4 can activate signaling pathways such as the STAT6 pathway, which is associated with cell proliferation and survival. In some cancers, IL-4 can also promote angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, which is critical for tumor growth and metastasis. |
| 7936- | TQ, | Effect of Nigella sativa supplementation on lung function and inflammatory mediators in partly controlled asthma: a randomized controlled trial |
| - | Trial, | Asthma, | NA |
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers. Such Conditions may include : -low or high Dose -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations -different cell line effects -synergies with other products -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells
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