Database Query Results : Luteolin, , TumCMig

LT, Luteolin: Click to Expand ⟱
Features:
Luteolin a Flavonoid found in celery, parsley, broccoli, onion leaves, carrots, peppers, cabbages, apple skins, and chrysanthemum flowers.
-MDR1 expression, MMP-9, IGF-1 and Epithelial to mesenchymal transition.

-Note half-life 2–3 hours
BioAv low, but could be improved with Res, or blend of castor oil, kolliphor and polyethylene glycol
Pathways:
- induce ROS production in cancer cell but a few reports of reduction. Always seems to reduce ROS in normal cells.
- ROS↑ related: MMP↓(ΔΨm), ER Stress↑, UPR↑, GRP78↑, Ca+2↑, Cyt‑c↑, Caspases↑, DNA damage↑, cl-PARP↑, HSP↓
- Lowers AntiOxidant defense in Cancer Cells: NRF2↓, SOD↓, GSH↓ Catalase↓ HO1↓ GPx↓
- Raises AntiOxidant defense in Normal Cells: ROS↓, NRF2↑, SOD↑, GSH↑, Catalase↑,
- lowers Inflammation : NF-kB↓, COX2↓, p38↓, Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines : IL-1β↓, TNF-α↓, IL-6↓,
- inhibit Growth/Metastases : TumMeta↓, TumCG↓, EMT↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, TIMP2, IGF-1↓, VEGF↓, FAK↓, RhoA↓, NF-κB↓, CXCR4↓, ERK↓
- reactivate genes thereby inhibiting cancer cell growth : HDAC↓, DNMT1↓, DNMT3A↓, EZH2↓, P53↑, HSP↓,
- cause Cell cycle arrest : TumCCA↑, cyclin D1↓, cyclin E↓, CDK2↓, CDK4↓, CDK6↓,
- inhibits Migration/Invasion : TumCMig↓, FAK↓, ERK↓, EMT↓, TOP1↓, TET1↓,
- inhibits glycolysis and ATP depletion : HIF-1α↓, PKM2↓, cMyc↓, LDHA↓, HK2↓, GRP78↑,
- inhibits angiogenesis↓ : VEGF↓, HIF-1α↓, Notch↓, PDGF↓, EGFR↓, Integrins↓,
- Others: PI3K↓, AKT↓, STAT↓, Wnt↓, β-catenin↓, AMPK, ERK↓, JNK, TrxR**, - Shown to modulate the nuclear translocation of SREBP-2 (related to cholesterol).
- Synergies: chemo-sensitization, chemoProtective, RadioSensitizer, Others(review target notes), Neuroprotective, Renoprotection, Hepatoprotective, CardioProtective,

- Selectivity: Cancer Cells vs Normal Cells

Luteolin — Cancer vs Normal Cell Effects
Rank Pathway / Axis Cancer Cells Normal Cells Label Primary Interpretation Notes
1 PI3K → AKT → mTOR axis ↓ AKT / ↓ mTOR signaling ↔ adaptive suppression Driver Loss of survival and growth signaling Luteolin consistently suppresses PI3K/AKT signaling, explaining growth inhibition and apoptosis sensitization
2 NF-κB signaling ↓ NF-κB activation ↓ inflammatory NF-κB tone Driver Suppression of inflammatory survival transcription NF-κB inhibition is a core, repeatedly observed luteolin effect
3 Reactive oxygen species (ROS) ↑ ROS (context- & dose-dependent) ↓ ROS / buffered Conditional Driver Biphasic redox modulation Luteolin can act as a pro-oxidant in cancer cells while remaining antioxidant in normal cells
4 Mitochondrial integrity / intrinsic apoptosis ↓ ΔΨm; ↑ caspase activation ↔ preserved Secondary Execution of intrinsic apoptosis Mitochondrial apoptosis follows signaling and redox stress
5 STAT3 signaling ↓ STAT3 activation ↔ minimal Secondary Loss of proliferative and stemness signaling STAT3 suppression contributes to reduced invasion and CSC traits
6 Cell cycle regulation ↑ G1 or G2/M arrest ↔ spared Phenotypic Cytostatic growth control Cell-cycle arrest reflects upstream pathway inhibition
7 Migration / invasion (EMT, MMP axis) ↓ migration & invasion ↔ Phenotypic Anti-metastatic phenotype Reduced EMT and protease activity limit invasiveness


TumCMig, Tumor cell migration: Click to Expand ⟱
Source:
Type:
Tumor cell migration is a critical process in cancer progression and metastasis, which is the spread of cancer cells from the primary tumor to distant sites in the body.
Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
2927- LT,    Luteolin Causes 5′CpG Demethylation of the Promoters of TSGs and Modulates the Aberrant Histone Modifications, Restoring the Expression of TSGs in Human Cancer Cells
- in-vitro, Cerv, HeLa
TumCMig↓, luteolin inhibited migration and colony formation in HeLa cells.
DNMTs↓, Luteolin decreased DNMT activity in HeLa cells in a concentration-dependent manner.
HDAC↓, Luteolin Decreases HDAC Activity in HeLa Cells
HATs↓, Luteolin Reduces the HAT Activity in a Dose-Dependent Manner
ac‑H3↓, H3 acetylation marks were diminished after treatment with the 20 µM of luteolin
ac‑H4↓, the acetylation marks at H4 were also modulated,
MMP2↓, Luteolin resulted in downregulation of expression of various proteins related to migration and inflammation in HeLa cells, and fold changes (FC) after treatment with 10 and 20 µM for 48 h are given, respectively, for MMP2 (FC 0.33, 0.26), MMP3 (FC 0.
MMP9↓,
HO-1↓, Genes related to cell proliferation, growth, and apoptosis such as BCL-X (FC 0.55, 0.45), HO-1/HMOX1 (FC 0.40, 0.25), Kallikrein6 (FC 0.55, 0.48), Kallikrein 3/PSA (FC 0.58, 0.48) were reduced.
E-cadherin↑, E-cadherin (FC 1.8, 2.9) were upregulated
EZH2↓, Luteolin has depicted increased expression of MiR-26a, which is a regulator of EZH2, and at the same time, it has inhibited EZH2
HER2/EBBR2↓, luteolin treatment decreased the inflammatory and migratory proteins such as MMp-2, MMP-3, HO-1/HMOX1, Her1, HER2, Her4, mesothelin, cathepsin B, MUC1, nectin 4, FOXC2, IL-18 BPa, CCL3/MIP-1α, CXCL8/IL-8, IL-2
IL18↓,
IL8↓,
IL2↓,

4687- LT,  QC,    Dietary Flavonoids Luteolin and Quercetin Suppressed Cancer Stem Cell Properties and Metastatic Potential of Isolated Prostate Cancer Cells
- in-vitro, Pca, DU145
CSCs↓, Since luteolin and quercetin were able to target CSC cells and prevent cancer cell invasiveness, may serve as potential anti-angiogenesis and anti-metastasis agents.
EMT↓, Furthermore, reversed epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to reduce MMP secretion by Lu and Qu exert inhibition of migration and invasion abilities in A431 cells
MMPs↓,
TumCMig↓,
TumCI↓,

1125- LT,    Luteolin suppresses epithelial-mesenchymal transition and migration of triple-negative breast cancer cells by inhibiting YAP/TAZ activity
- in-vitro, BC, NA
YAP/TEAD↓,
TAZ↓,
MSCmark↓,
EM↑,
TumCMig↓,

1171- LT,    The inhibition of β-catenin activity by luteolin isolated from Paulownia flowers leads to growth arrest and apoptosis in cholangiocarcinoma
- in-vitro, CCA, NA
Wnt↓,
TumCCA↑, G2/M phase
Apoptosis↑,
TumCMig↓,
β-catenin/ZEB1↓, inhibitor of β-catenin
cMyc↓,
cycD1/CCND1↓,


* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 4

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

HO-1↓, 1,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

cMyc↓, 1,  

Cell Death ⓘ

Apoptosis↑, 1,   YAP/TEAD↓, 1,  

Kinase & Signal Transduction ⓘ

HER2/EBBR2↓, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ

EZH2↓, 1,   ac‑H3↓, 1,   ac‑H4↓, 1,   HATs↓, 1,  

DNA Damage & Repair ⓘ

DNMTs↓, 1,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence ⓘ

cycD1/CCND1↓, 1,   TumCCA↑, 1,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

CSCs↓, 1,   EMT↓, 1,   HDAC↓, 1,   MSCmark↓, 1,   TAZ↓, 1,   Wnt↓, 1,  

Migration ⓘ

E-cadherin↑, 1,   EM↑, 1,   MMP2↓, 1,   MMP9↓, 1,   MMPs↓, 1,   TumCI↓, 1,   TumCMig↓, 4,   β-catenin/ZEB1↓, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

IL18↓, 1,   IL2↓, 1,   IL8↓, 1,  

Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ

EZH2↓, 1,   HER2/EBBR2↓, 1,  
Total Targets: 31

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


Total Targets: 0

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: TumCMig, Tumor cell migration
4 Luteolin
1 Quercetin
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:%  prod#:118  Target#:326  State#:%  Dir#:%
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