condition found
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Luteolin a Flavonoid found in celery, parsley, broccoli, onion leaves, carrots, peppers, cabbages, apple skins, and chrysanthemum flowers. -MDR1 expression, MMP-9, IGF-1 and Epithelial to mesenchymal transition. *** ACTIVE WORK IN PROGRESS** -Note half-life 2–3 hours BioAv low, but could be improved with Res, or blend of castor oil, kolliphor and polyethylene glycol Pathways: - induce ROS production in cancer cell but a few reports of reduction. Always seems to reduce ROS in normal cells. - ROS↑ related: MMP↓(ΔΨm), ER Stress↑, UPR↑, GRP78↑, Ca+2↑, Cyt‑c↑, Caspases↑, DNA damage↑, cl-PARP↑, HSP↓ - Lowers AntiOxidant defense in Cancer Cells: NRF2↓, SOD↓, GSH↓ Catalase↓ HO1↓ GPx↓ - Raises AntiOxidant defense in Normal Cells: ROS↓, NRF2↑, SOD↑, GSH↑, Catalase↑">Catalase↑, - lowers Inflammation : NF-kB↓, COX2↓, p38↓, Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines : IL-1β↓, TNF-α↓, IL-6↓, - inhibit Growth/Metastases : TumMeta↓, TumCG↓, EMT↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, TIMP2, IGF-1↓, VEGF↓, FAK↓, RhoA↓, NF-κB↓, CXCR4↓, ERK↓ - reactivate genes thereby inhibiting cancer cell growth : HDAC↓, DNMT1↓, DNMT3A↓, EZH2↓, P53↑, HSP↓, - cause Cell cycle arrest : TumCCA↑, cyclin D1↓, cyclin E↓, CDK2↓, CDK4↓, CDK6↓, - inhibits Migration/Invasion : TumCMig↓, FAK↓, ERK↓, EMT↓, TOP1↓, TET1↓, - inhibits glycolysis and ATP depletion : HIF-1α↓, PKM2↓, cMyc↓, LDHA↓, HK2↓, GRP78↑, - inhibits angiogenesis↓ : VEGF↓, HIF-1α↓, Notch↓, PDGF↓, EGFR↓, Integrins↓, - Others: PI3K↓, AKT↓, STAT↓, Wnt↓, β-catenin↓, AMPK, ERK↓, JNK, TrxR**, - Shown to modulate the nuclear translocation of SREBP-2 (related to cholesterol). - Synergies: chemo-sensitization, chemoProtective, RadioSensitizer, Others(review target notes), Neuroprotective, Renoprotection, Hepatoprotective, CardioProtective, - Selectivity: Cancer Cells vs Normal Cells |
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Caspases are a cysteine protease that speed up a chemical reaction via pointing their target substrates following an aspartic acid residue.1 They are grouped into apoptotic (caspase-2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10) and inflammatory (caspase-1, 4, 5, 11 and 12) mediated caspases. Caspase-1 may have both tumorigenic or antitumorigenic effects on cancer development and progression, but it depends on the type of inflammasome, methodology, and cancer. Catalase is an enzyme found in nearly all living cells exposed to oxygen. Its primary role is to protect cells from oxidative damage by catalyzing the conversion of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), a potentially damaging byproduct of metabolism, into water (H₂O) and oxygen (O₂). This detoxification process is crucial because excess H₂O₂ can lead to the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that damage proteins, lipids, and DNA. Catalase and Cancer Oxidative Stress and Cancer: Cancer cells often experience increased levels of oxidative stress due to rapid proliferation and metabolic changes. This stress can lead to DNA damage, promoting tumorigenesis. Catalase helps mitigate oxidative stress, and its expression can influence the survival and proliferation of cancer cells. Expression Levels in Different Cancers: Overexpression: In some cancers, such as breast cancer and certain types of leukemia, catalase may be overexpressed. This overexpression can help cancer cells survive in oxidative environments, potentially leading to more aggressive tumor behavior. Downregulation: Conversely, in other cancers, such as colorectal cancer, reduced catalase expression has been observed. This downregulation can lead to increased oxidative stress, contributing to tumor progression and metastasis. Prognostic Implications: Survival Rates: Studies have shown that high levels of catalase expression can be associated with poor prognosis in certain cancers, as it may enable cancer cells to resist apoptosis (programmed cell death) induced by oxidative stress. Some types of cancer cells have been reported to exhibit lower catalase activity, possibly increasing their vulnerability to oxidative damage under certain conditions. This vulnerability has even been exploited in some therapeutic strategies (for example, approaches that generate excess H₂O₂ or other ROS specifically targeting cancer cells have been researched). |
2915- | LT,  |   | Luteolin promotes apoptotic cell death via upregulation of Nrf2 expression by DNA demethylase and the interaction of Nrf2 with p53 in human colon cancer cells |
- | in-vitro, | Colon, | HT29 | - | in-vitro, | CRC, | SNU-407 | - | in-vitro, | Nor, | FHC |
2916- | LT,  |   | Antioxidative and Anticancer Potential of Luteolin: A Comprehensive Approach Against Wide Range of Human Malignancies |
- | Review, | Var, | NA | - | Review, | AD, | NA | - | Review, | Park, | NA |
2919- | LT,  |   | Luteolin as a potential therapeutic candidate for lung cancer: Emerging preclinical evidence |
- | Review, | Var, | NA |
986- | LT,  | doxoR,  |   | Luteolin as a glycolysis inhibitor offers superior efficacy and lesser toxicity of doxorubicin in breast cancer cells |
- | in-vitro, | BC, | 4T1 | - | in-vitro, | BC, | MCF-7 |
2907- | LT,  |   | Protective effect of luteolin against oxidative stress‑mediated cell injury via enhancing antioxidant systems |
- | in-vitro, | Nor, | NA |
2904- | LT,  |   | Luteolin from Purple Perilla mitigates ROS insult particularly in primary neurons |
- | in-vitro, | Park, | SK-N-SH | - | in-vitro, | AD, | NA |
2906- | LT,  |   | Luteolin, a flavonoid with potentials for cancer prevention and therapy |
- | Review, | Var, | NA |
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