| Features: |
| Luteolin a Flavonoid found in celery, parsley, broccoli, onion leaves, carrots, peppers, cabbages, apple skins, and chrysanthemum flowers. -MDR1 expression, MMP-9, IGF-1 and Epithelial to mesenchymal transition. *** ACTIVE WORK IN PROGRESS** -Note half-life 2–3 hours BioAv low, but could be improved with Res, or blend of castor oil, kolliphor and polyethylene glycol Pathways: - induce ROS production in cancer cell but a few reports of reduction. Always seems to reduce ROS in normal cells. - ROS↑ related: MMP↓(ΔΨm), ER Stress↑, UPR↑, GRP78↑, Ca+2↑, Cyt‑c↑, Caspases↑, DNA damage↑, cl-PARP↑, HSP↓ - Lowers AntiOxidant defense in Cancer Cells: NRF2↓, SOD↓, GSH↓ Catalase↓ HO1↓ GPx↓ - Raises AntiOxidant defense in Normal Cells: ROS↓, NRF2↑, SOD↑, GSH↑, Catalase↑, - lowers Inflammation : NF-kB↓, COX2↓, p38↓, Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines : IL-1β↓, TNF-α↓, IL-6↓, - inhibit Growth/Metastases : TumMeta↓, TumCG↓, EMT↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, TIMP2, IGF-1↓, VEGF↓, FAK↓, RhoA↓, NF-κB↓, CXCR4↓, ERK↓ - reactivate genes thereby inhibiting cancer cell growth : HDAC↓, DNMT1↓, DNMT3A↓, EZH2↓, P53↑, HSP↓, - cause Cell cycle arrest : TumCCA↑, cyclin D1↓, cyclin E↓, CDK2↓, CDK4↓, CDK6↓, - inhibits Migration/Invasion : TumCMig↓, FAK↓, ERK↓, EMT↓, TOP1↓, TET1↓, - inhibits glycolysis and ATP depletion : HIF-1α↓, PKM2↓, cMyc↓, LDHA↓, HK2↓, GRP78↑, - inhibits angiogenesis↓ : VEGF↓, HIF-1α↓, Notch↓, PDGF↓, EGFR↓, Integrins↓, - Others: PI3K↓, AKT↓, STAT↓, Wnt↓, β-catenin↓, AMPK, ERK↓, JNK, TrxR**, - Shown to modulate the nuclear translocation of SREBP-2 (related to cholesterol). - Synergies: chemo-sensitization, chemoProtective, RadioSensitizer, Others(review target notes), Neuroprotective, Renoprotection, Hepatoprotective, CardioProtective, - Selectivity: Cancer Cells vs Normal Cells |
| 2596- | Api, | LT, | Natural Nrf2 Inhibitors: A Review of Their Potential for Cancer Treatment |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 1539- | Api, | LT, | Dietary flavones counteract phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-induced SREBP-2 processing in hepatic cells |
| - | in-vitro, | Liver, | HepG2 |
| 2625- | Ba, | LT, | Baicalein and luteolin inhibit ischemia/reperfusion-induced ferroptosis in rat cardiomyocyte |
| - | in-vivo, | Stroke, | NA |
| 2918- | LT, | Luteolin inhibits melanoma growth in vitro and in vivo via regulating ECM and oncogenic pathways but not ROS |
| - | in-vitro, | Melanoma, | A375 | - | in-vivo, | Melanoma, | NA | - | in-vitro, | Melanoma, | SK-MEL-28 |
| 2908- | LT, | Luteolin attenuates neutrophilic oxidative stress and inflammatory arthritis by inhibiting Raf1 activity |
| - | in-vitro, | Arthritis, | NA |
| 2909- | LT, | Revisiting luteolin: An updated review on its anticancer potential |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 2910- | LT, | FA, | Folic acid-modified ROS-responsive nanoparticles encapsulating luteolin for targeted breast cancer treatment |
| - | in-vitro, | BC, | 4T1 | - | in-vivo, | NA, | NA |
| 2911- | LT, | Luteolin targets MKK4 to attenuate particulate matter-induced MMP-1 and inflammation in human keratinocytes |
| - | in-vitro, | Nor, | HaCaT |
| 2912- | LT, | Luteolin: a flavonoid with a multifaceted anticancer potential |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 2913- | LT, | Luteolin induces apoptosis by impairing mitochondrial function and targeting the intrinsic apoptosis pathway in gastric cancer cells |
| - | in-vitro, | GC, | HGC27 | - | in-vitro, | BC, | MCF-7 | - | in-vitro, | GC, | MKN45 |
| 2914- | LT, | Therapeutic Potential of Luteolin on Cancer |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 2915- | LT, | Luteolin promotes apoptotic cell death via upregulation of Nrf2 expression by DNA demethylase and the interaction of Nrf2 with p53 in human colon cancer cells |
| - | in-vitro, | Colon, | HT29 | - | in-vitro, | CRC, | SNU-407 | - | in-vitro, | Nor, | FHC |
| 2916- | LT, | Antioxidative and Anticancer Potential of Luteolin: A Comprehensive Approach Against Wide Range of Human Malignancies |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA | - | Review, | AD, | NA | - | Review, | Park, | NA |
| 2917- | LT, | Rad, | Luteolin acts as a radiosensitizer in non‑small cell lung cancer cells by enhancing apoptotic cell death through activation of a p38/ROS/caspase cascade |
| - | in-vitro, | Lung, | NA |
| 2905- | LT, | Luteolin blocks the ROS/PI3K/AKT pathway to inhibit mesothelial-mesenchymal transition and reduce abdominal adhesions |
| - | in-vivo, | NA, | HMrSV5 |
| 2919- | LT, | Luteolin as a potential therapeutic candidate for lung cancer: Emerging preclinical evidence |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 2920- | LT, | Formulation, characterization, in vitro and in vivo evaluations of self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system of luteolin |
| - | in-vitro, | Nor, | NA | - | in-vivo, | Nor, | NA |
| 2921- | LT, | Luteolin as a potential hepatoprotective drug: Molecular mechanisms and treatment strategies |
| - | Review, | Nor, | NA |
| 2922- | LT, | Combination of transcriptomic and proteomic approaches helps unravel the mechanisms of luteolin in inducing liver cancer cell death via targeting AKT1 and SRC |
| - | in-vitro, | Liver, | HUH7 |
| 2923- | LT, | Luteolin induces apoptosis through endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in Neuro-2a mouse neuroblastoma cells |
| - | in-vitro, | NA, | NA |
| 2924- | LT, | Luteolin selectively kills STAT3 highly activated gastric cancer cells through enhancing the binding of STAT3 to SHP-1 |
| - | in-vitro, | GC, | NA | - | in-vivo, | NA, | NA |
| 2925- | LT, | Luteolin Induces Carcinoma Cell Apoptosis through Binding Hsp90 to Suppress Constitutive Activation of STAT3 |
| - | in-vitro, | Cerv, | HeLa | - | in-vitro, | Nor, | HEK293 | - | in-vitro, | BC, | MCF-7 |
| 2926- | LT, | Luteolin ameliorates rat myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury through peroxiredoxin II activation: LUT's cardioprotection through PRX II |
| - | in-vitro, | Nor, | H9c2 |
| 2927- | LT, | Luteolin Causes 5′CpG Demethylation of the Promoters of TSGs and Modulates the Aberrant Histone Modifications, Restoring the Expression of TSGs in Human Cancer Cells |
| - | in-vitro, | Cerv, | HeLa |
| 2928- | LT, | Luteolin-mediated increase in miR-26a inhibits prostate cancer cell growth and induces cell cycle arrest targeting EZH2 |
| 2929- | LT, | Loss of BRCA1 in the cells of origin of ovarian cancer induces glycolysis: A window of opportunity for ovarian cancer chemoprevention |
| - | in-vitro, | Ovarian, | NA |
| 2930- | LT, | Luteolin confers renoprotection against ischemia–reperfusion injury via involving Nrf2 pathway and regulating miR320 |
| - | in-vitro, | Nor, | NA |
| 1275- | LT, | Mechanism of luteolin induces ferroptosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells |
| - | in-vitro, | Laryn, | NA |
| 979- | LT, | Luteolin Regulation of Estrogen Signaling and Cell Cycle Pathway Genes in MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cells |
| - | in-vitro, | BC, | MCF-7 |
| 982- | LT, | Inhibitory effect of luteolin on estrogen biosynthesis in human ovarian granulosa cells by suppression of aromatase (CYP19) |
| - | in-vitro, | Ovarian, | KGN |
| 986- | LT, | doxoR, | Luteolin as a glycolysis inhibitor offers superior efficacy and lesser toxicity of doxorubicin in breast cancer cells |
| - | in-vitro, | BC, | 4T1 | - | in-vitro, | BC, | MCF-7 |
| 1025- | LT, | Api, | Luteolin and its derivative apigenin suppress the inducible PD-L1 expression to improve anti-tumor immunity in KRAS-mutant lung cancer |
| - | in-vivo, | Lung, | NA |
| 1060- | LT, | BTZ, | Luteolin inhibits the TGF-β signaling pathway to overcome bortezomib resistance in multiple myeloma |
| - | vitro+vivo, | Melanoma, | NA |
| 1064- | LT, | Cisplatin, | Inhibition of cell survival, invasion, tumor growth and histone deacetylase activity by the dietary flavonoid luteolin in human epithelioid cancer cells |
| - | vitro+vivo, | Lung, | LNM35 | - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HT-29 | - | in-vitro, | Liver, | HepG2 | - | in-vitro, | BC, | MCF-7 | - | in-vitro, | BC, | MDA-MB-231 |
| 1084- | LT, | CHr, | Luteolin and chrysin differentially inhibit cyclooxygenase-2 expression and scavenge reactive oxygen species but similarly inhibit prostaglandin-E2 formation in RAW 264.7 cells |
| - | in-vitro, | Nor, | RAW264.7 |
| 1100- | LT, | Luteolin, a flavonoid, as an anticancer agent: A review |
| - | Review, | NA, | NA |
| 1125- | LT, | Luteolin suppresses epithelial-mesenchymal transition and migration of triple-negative breast cancer cells by inhibiting YAP/TAZ activity |
| - | in-vitro, | BC, | NA |
| 1171- | LT, | The inhibition of β-catenin activity by luteolin isolated from Paulownia flowers leads to growth arrest and apoptosis in cholangiocarcinoma |
| - | in-vitro, | CCA, | NA |
| 1200- | LT, | Inhibition of Fatty Acid Synthase by Luteolin Post-Transcriptionally Downregulates c-Met Expression Independent of Proteosomal/Lysosomal Degradation |
| - | in-vitro, | Pca, | DU145 |
| 2907- | LT, | Protective effect of luteolin against oxidative stress‑mediated cell injury via enhancing antioxidant systems |
| - | in-vitro, | Nor, | NA |
| 1317- | LT, | Luteolin Suppresses Teratoma Cell Growth and Induces Cell Apoptosis via Inhibiting Bcl-2 |
| - | vitro+vivo, | Ovarian, | PA1 |
| - | in-vitro, | Nor, | MCF10 | - | in-vitro, | BC, | MDA-MB-231 | - | in-vitro, | BC, | MDA-MB-468 | - | in-vitro, | PC, | Bxpc-3 |
| 2346- | LT, | Luteolin suppressed PKM2 and promoted autophagy for inducing the apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells |
| - | in-vitro, | HCC, | HepG2 |
| 2587- | LT, | Luteolin inhibits Nrf2 leading to negative regulation of the Nrf2/ARE pathway and sensitization of human lung carcinoma A549 cells to therapeutic drugs |
| - | in-vitro, | Lung, | A549 |
| 2588- | LT, | Chemo, | Luteolin sensitizes two oxaliplatin-resistant colorectal cancer cell lines to chemotherapeutic drugs via inhibition of the Nrf2 pathway |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HCT116 |
| 2589- | LT, | Chemo, | Luteolin Inhibits Breast Cancer Stemness and Enhances Chemosensitivity through the Nrf2-Mediated Pathway |
| - | in-vitro, | BC, | MDA-MB-231 |
| 2595- | LT, | Regulation of Nrf2/ARE Pathway by Dietary Flavonoids: A Friend or Foe for Cancer Management? |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 2903- | LT, | Luteolin induces apoptosis by ROS/ER stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in gliomablastoma |
| - | in-vitro, | GBM, | U251 | - | in-vitro, | GBM, | U87MG | - | in-vivo, | NA, | NA |
| 2904- | LT, | Luteolin from Purple Perilla mitigates ROS insult particularly in primary neurons |
| - | in-vitro, | Park, | SK-N-SH | - | in-vitro, | AD, | NA |
| 973- | LT, | Luteolin impairs hypoxia adaptation and progression in human breast and colon cancer cells |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HCT116 | - | in-vitro, | BC, | MDA-MB-231 |
| 2906- | LT, | Luteolin, a flavonoid with potentials for cancer prevention and therapy |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
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