Database Query Results : Honokiol, ,

HNK, Honokiol: Click to Expand ⟱

Features:

Honokiol is a Lignan isolated from bark, seed cones and leaves of trees of Magnolia species. Honokiol was traditionally used for anxiety and stroke treatment, as well as the alleviation of flu symptoms.
-considered to have antioxidant properties
-low oral bioavailability and difficulty in intravenous administration
-the development of various formulations of honokiol, including microemulsion, liposomes, nanoparticles and micelle copolymers have successfully solved the problem of low water solubility.

Pathways:
-Inhibit NF-κB activation
-Downregulate STAT3 signalin
-Inhibiting the PI3K/Akt pathway,
-Inhibition of mTOR
-Influences various MAPK cascades—including ERK, JNK, and p38
-Inhibition of EGFR
-Inhibiting Notch pathway (CSCs)
-GPx4 inhibit
-Can induce ER stress in cancer cells, which contributes to the activation of unfolded protein response (UPR) pathways
-Disrupt the mitochondrial membrane potential in cancer cells.
-Reported to increase ROS production in cancer cells
-Can exhibit antioxidant properties in normal cells. - has some inhibitor activity but Not classified as HDAC inhibitor as weaker and may work more indirectly.
- is well-known in the research community for its role in activating SIRT3

-Note half-life 40–60 minutes
BioAv
Pathways:
- induce ROS production in cancer cells, and typically lowers ROS in normal cells
- ROS↑ related: MMP↓(ΔΨm), ER Stress↑, GRP78↑, Ca+2↑, Cyt‑c↑, Caspases↑, DNA damage↑, cl-PARP↑, HSP↓ Prx
- Raises AntiOxidant defense in Normal Cells: ROS↓, NRF2↑, SOD↑, GSH↑, Catalase↑,
- lowers Inflammation : NF-kB↓, COX2↓, Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines : IL-1β↓, TNF-α↓, IL-6↓,
- inhibit Growth/Metastases : TumMeta↓, TumCG↓, EMT↓, MMPs↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, VEGF↓, ROCK1↓, RhoA↓, NF-κB↓, CXCR4↓, ERK↓
- reactivate genes thereby inhibiting cancer cell growth : HDAC↓, EZH2↓, P53↑, HSP↓,
- cause Cell cycle arrest : TumCCA↑, cyclin D1↓, cyclin E↓, CDK2↓, CDK4↓, CDK6↓,
- inhibits Migration/Invasion : TumCMig↓, TumCI↓, ERK↓, EMT↓,
- inhibits glycolysis and ATP depletion : HIF-1α↓, cMyc↓, GLUT1↓, LDH↓, LDHA↓, HK2↓, PDKs↓, ECAR↓, OXPHOS↓, GRP78↑, GlucoseCon↓
- inhibits angiogenesis↓ : VEGF↓, HIF-1α↓, Notch↓, EGFR↓,
- inhibits Cancer Stem Cells : CSC↓, CD133↓, β-catenin↓, sox2↓, nestin↓, OCT4↓,
- Others: PI3K↓, AKT↓, JAK↓, STAT↓, Wnt↓, β-catenin↓, AMPK, ERK↓, JNK, TrxR**, - Shown to modulate the nuclear translocation of SREBP-2 (related to cholesterol).
- Synergies: chemo-sensitization, chemoProtective, RadioSensitizer, RadioProtective, Others(review target notes), Neuroprotective, Cognitive, Renoprotection, Hepatoprotective, CardioProtective,

- Selectivity: Cancer Cells vs Normal Cells

Rank	Pathway / Axis	Cancer Cells	Normal Cells	Label	Primary Interpretation	Notes
1	Mitochondrial integrity / intrinsic apoptosis	↓ ΔΨm; ↑ cytochrome-c release; ↑ caspases	↔ largely preserved	Driver	Mitochondria-directed cytotoxicity	Honokiol directly accumulates in mitochondria and initiates intrinsic apoptosis in cancer cells
2	Reactive oxygen species (ROS)	↑ ROS (secondary, stress-amplifying)	↔ buffered	Secondary	Mitochondrial stress amplification	ROS elevation follows mitochondrial perturbation rather than acting as the initiating trigger
3	STAT3 signaling	↓ STAT3 activation	↔ minimal	Driver	Loss of survival and stemness signaling	STAT3 suppression contributes to apoptosis, CSC targeting, and reduced proliferation
4	PI3K → AKT → mTOR axis	↓ AKT / ↓ mTOR	↔ adaptive suppression	Secondary	Growth and anabolic inhibition	AKT/mTOR inhibition reinforces mitochondrial and apoptotic stress
5	NF-κB signaling	↓ NF-κB activation	↓ inflammatory NF-κB tone	Secondary	Suppression of survival transcription	NF-κB inhibition contributes to chemosensitization and anti-inflammatory effects
6	Cell cycle regulation	↑ G0/G1 or G2/M arrest	↔ spared	Phenotypic	Cytostatic growth control	Cell-cycle arrest reflects upstream signaling disruption
7	Autophagy	↑ autophagy (context-dependent)	↑ adaptive autophagy	Adaptive	Stress response vs death cooperation	Autophagy may precede apoptosis or act as a transient survival response

Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱

2895-

HNK,

Mitochondria-Targeted Honokiol Confers a Striking Inhibitory Effect on Lung Cancer via Inhibiting Complex I Activity

in-vitro,

Lung,

PC9

 0.26 μM

"highlight2" >eff↑, Mito-HNK is >100-fold more potent than HNK in inhibiting cell proliferation
"highlight2" >TumCP↓,
"highlight2" >mt-ROS↑, inhibiting mitochondrial complex ǀ, stimulating reactive oxygen species generation, oxidizing mitochondrial peroxiredoxin-3, and suppressing the phosphorylation of mitoSTAT3
"highlight2" >Prx3↑,
"highlight2" >mt-STAT3↓,
"highlight2" >*toxicity∅, Mito-HNK showed no toxicity and targets the metabolic vulnerabilities of primary and metastatic lung cancers.
"highlight2" >selectivity↑,
"highlight2" >ChemoSen↑, combination with standard chemotherapeutics.

960-

HNK,

Honokiol Inhibits HIF-1α-Mediated Glycolysis to Halt Breast Cancer Growth

vitro+vivo,

BC,

MCF-7

HNK (diluted in DMSO, 25 mg/kg/day

mice

vitro+vivo,

BC,

MDA-MB-231

0-40uM/24hr

"highlight2" >OCR↑, which resulted in an increase in OCR and a decrease in ECAR, glucose uptake, lactic acid production and ATP production.
"highlight2" >ECAR↓,
"highlight2" >GlucoseCon↓, decreased glucose uptake, lactate production and ATP production in cancer cells.
"highlight2" >lactateProd↓,
"highlight2" >ATP↓,
"highlight2" >Glycolysis↓,
"highlight2" >Hif1a↓,
"highlight2" >GLUT1↓,
"highlight2" >HK2↓,
"highlight2" >PDK1↓,
"highlight2" >Apoptosis↑,
"highlight2" >LDHA↓, upregulation of LDHA mediated by HIF-1α promoted the formation of lactic acid from pyruvate, which contributed to the acidification of the tumor microenvironment. Our experimental observation results showed that these changes were reversed by HNK

2881-

HNK,

Honokiol Suppressed Pancreatic Cancer Progression via miR-101/Mcl-1 Axis

in-vitro,

PC,

PANC1

 50 µM

"highlight2" >tumCV↓, Honokiol concentration-dependently suppressed pancreatic cancer cell viability.
"highlight2" >Casp3↑, honokiol increased the caspase-3 activity and cell apoptotic rates, induced cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase, and inhibited cell invasion in pancreatic cancer.
"highlight2" >Apoptosis↑,
"highlight2" >TumCCA↑,
"highlight2" >TumCI↓,
"highlight2" >Mcl-1↓, up-regulated miR-101 expression but down-regulated Mcl-1 expression in tumor tissues.
"highlight2" >EMT↓, Recent studies reported honokiol inhibits cancer metastasis by blocking EMT through modulation of Snail/Slug protein translation

2882-

HNK,

Honokiol Suppresses Perineural Invasion of Pancreatic Cancer by Inhibiting SMAD2/3 Signaling

in-vitro,

PC,

PANC1

"highlight2" >TumCI↓, HNK can inhibit the invasion and migration of pancreatic cancer cells.
"highlight2" >TumCMig↓,
"highlight2" >p‑SMAD2↓, partially mediated by inhibition of SMAD2/3 phosphorylation.
"highlight2" >p‑SMAD3↓,
"highlight2" >EMT↓, HNK Inhibits Pancreatic Cancer Malignant Behaviors and EMT
"highlight2" >N-cadherin↓, expression of N-cadherin and Vimentin was gradually downregulated, while HNK promoted the expression of E-cadherin in PANC-1
"highlight2" >Vim↓,
"highlight2" >E-cadherin↑,
"highlight2" >Snail↓, HNK can inhibit breast cancer cell metastasis by blocking EMT through downregulating Snail/Slug protein translation
"highlight2" >Slug↓,
"highlight2" >Rho↓, Honokiol inhibits the migration of renal cell carcinoma through activation of the RhoA/ROCK/MLC signaling pathway
"highlight2" >ROCK1↓,

2883-

HNK,

Honokiol targets mitochondria to halt cancer progression and metastasis

Review,

Var,

"highlight2" >ChemoSen↑, Combination of HNK with many traditional chemotherapeutic drugs as well as radiation sensitizes cancer cells to apoptotic death
"highlight2" >BBB↓, HNK is also capable of crossing the BBB
"highlight2" >Ca+2↑, HNK promotes human glioblastoma cancer cell apoptosis via regulation of Ca(2+) channels
"highlight2" >Cyt‑c↑, release of mitochondrial cytochrome c and activation of caspase-3
"highlight2" >Casp3↑,
"highlight2" >chemoPv↑, potent chemopreventive agent against lung SCC development in a carcinogen-induced lung SCC murine model
"highlight2" >OCR↓, HNK treatment results in a decreased oxygen consumption rate (OCR) in whole intact cells, rapidly, and persistently inhibiting mitochondrial respiration, which leads to the induction of apoptosis
"highlight2" >mitResp↓,
"highlight2" >Apoptosis↑,
"highlight2" >RadioS↑, Honokiol as a chemo- and radiosensitizer
"highlight2" >NF-kB↓, HNK as an anticancer drug is its potential to inhibit multiple important survival pathways, such as NF-B and Akt
"highlight2" >Akt↓,
"highlight2" >TNF-α↓, by inhibiting TNF-induced nerve growth factor IB expression in breast cancer cells
"highlight2" >PGE2↓, reduced prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion levels
"highlight2" >VEGF↓,
"highlight2" >NO↝, HNK inhibits cancer cell migration by targeting nitric oxide and cyclooxygenase-2 or Ras GTPase-activating-like protein (IQGAP1) [
"highlight2" >COX2↓,
"highlight2" >RAS↓,
"highlight2" >EMT↓, HNK can reverse the epithelial-mesenchymal-transition (EMT) process, which is a key step during embryogenesis, cancer invasion, and metastasis,
"highlight2" >Snail↓, HNK reduced the expression levels of Snail, N-cadherin and -catenin, which are mesenchymal markers, but increased E-cadherin,
"highlight2" >N-cadherin↓,
"highlight2" >β-catenin/ZEB1↓,
"highlight2" >E-cadherin↑,
"highlight2" >ER Stress↑, induction of ER stress
"highlight2" >p‑STAT3↓, HNK inhibited STAT3 phosphorylation
"highlight2" >EGFR↓, inhibiting EGFR phosphorylation and its downstream signaling pathways such as the mTOR signaling pathway
"highlight2" >mTOR↓,
"highlight2" >mt-ROS↑, We demonstrated that HNK treatment suppresses mitochondrial respiration and increases generation of ROS in the mitochondria, leading to the induction of apoptosis in lung cancer cells
"highlight2" >PI3K↓, inhibition of PI3K/Akt/ mTOR, EMT, and Wnt signaling pathways.
"highlight2" >Wnt↓,

2884-

HNK,

Honokiol inhibits EMT-mediated motility and migration of human non-small cell lung cancer cells in vitro by targeting c-FLIP

in-vitro,

Lung,

A549

in-vitro,

Lung,

H460

"highlight2" >EMT↓, HNK inhibits EMT-mediated motility and migration of human NSCLC cells in vitro by targeting c-FLIP,
"highlight2" >cFLIP↓,
"highlight2" >N-cadherin↓, increased c-FLIP, N-cadherin (a mesenchymal marker), snail (a transcriptional modulator) and p-Smad2/3 expression, and decreased IκB levels in the cells; these changes were abrogated by co-treatment with HNK (30 μmol/L)
"highlight2" >Snail↓,
"highlight2" >p‑SMAD2↓,
"highlight2" >p‑SMAD3↓,
"highlight2" >IKKα↑,
"highlight2" >TumCMig↓, HNK inhibits the migration of A549 and H460 cells induced by TNF-α+TGF-β1

2885-

HNK,

Honokiol: a novel natural agent for cancer prevention and therapy

"highlight2" >NF-kB↓, Honokiol targets multiple signaling pathways including nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), signal transducers and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and mammalian target of rapamycin (m-TOR)
"highlight2" >STAT3↓,
"highlight2" >EGFR↓,
"highlight2" >mTOR↓,
"highlight2" >BioAv↝, honokiol has revealed a desirable spectrum of bioavailability after intravenous administration in animal models, thus making it a suitable agent for clinical trials
"highlight2" >Inflam↓, inflammation, proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis.
"highlight2" >TumCP↓,
"highlight2" >angioG↓,
"highlight2" >TumCI↓,
"highlight2" >TumMeta↓,
"highlight2" >cSrc↓, STAT3 inhibition by honokiol has also been correlated with the repression of upstream protein tyrosine kinases c-Src, JAK1 and JAK2
"highlight2" >JAK1↓,
"highlight2" >JAK2↓,
"highlight2" >ERK↓, by inhibiting ERK and Akt pathways (31) or by upregulation of PTEN
"highlight2" >Akt↓,
"highlight2" >PTEN↑,
"highlight2" >ChemoSen↑, Chemopreventive/ chemotherapeutic effects of honokiol in various malignancies: preclinical studies
"highlight2" >chemoP↑,
"highlight2" >COX2↓, honokiol was found to inhibit UVB-induced expression of cyclooxygenase-2, prostaglandin E2, proliferating cell nuclear antigen and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 in the skin
"highlight2" >PGE2↓,
"highlight2" >TNF-α↓,
"highlight2" >IL1β↓,
"highlight2" >IL6↓,
"highlight2" >Casp3↑, release of caspases-3, -8 and -9as well as poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage and p53 activation upon honokiol treatment that led to DNA fragmentation
"highlight2" >Casp8↑,
"highlight2" >Casp9↑,
"highlight2" >cl‑PARP↑,
"highlight2" >DNAdam↑,
"highlight2" >Cyt‑c↑, translocation of cytochrome c to cytosol in human melanoma cell lines
"highlight2" >RadioS↑, liposomal honokiol for 24 h showed a higher radiation enhancement ratio (~ two-fold) as compared to the radiation alone,
"highlight2" >RAS↓, Honokiol also caused suppression of Ras activation
"highlight2" >BBB↑, honokiol could effectively cross BBB and BCSFB and inhibit brain tumor growth
"highlight2" >BioAv↓, Due to the concerns about poor aqueous solubility, liposomal formulations of honokiol have been developed and tested for their pharmacokinetics
"highlight2" >Half-Life↝, In another comparative study, plasma honokiol concentrations was maintained above 30 and 10 μg/mL for 24 and 48 hours, respectively, in liposomal honokiol-treated mice, whereas it fell quickly (less than 5 μg/mL) by 12 hours in free honokiol-treated
"highlight2" >Half-Life↝, free honokiol has poor GIT absorption, bio-transformed in liver to mono-glucuronide honokiol and sulphated mono-hydroxyhonokiol, ~ 50% is secreted in bile, ~ 60-65% plasma protein bound with elimination half life of (t1/2) of 49.05 – 56.24 minutes.
"highlight2" >toxicity↓, These studies suggest that honokiol either alone or as a part of magnolia bark extract does not induce toxicity in animal models and thus could be clinically safe

2886-

HNK,

Liposomal honokiol inhibits non-small cell lung cancer progression and enhances PD-1 blockade via suppressing M2 macrophages polarization

in-vitro,

Lung,

A549

in-vitro,

Lung,

H460

in-vivo,

NA,

 mouse Lewis lung cancer cell line (LL2

"highlight2" >eff↑, Lipo-HNK, with enhanced solubility and bioavailability, demonstrated potent cytotoxicity against NSCLC cell lines.
"highlight2" >BioAv↑,
"highlight2" >eff↑, Lipo-HNK exhibited synergistic anti-cancer effects when combined with anti-PD-1 therapy
"highlight2" >PI3K↓, inhibiting the PI3K/Akt
"highlight2" >Akt↓,

2887-

HNK,

Honokiol Restores Microglial Phagocytosis by Reversing Metabolic Reprogramming

in-vitro,

AD,

BV2

"highlight2" >*Glycolysis↑, switch from oxidative phosphorylation to anaerobic glycolysis and enhancing ATP production.
"highlight2" >*ATP↑,
"highlight2" >*ROS↓, honokiol reduced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production and elevated mitochondrial membrane potential.
"highlight2" >*MMP↑,
"highlight2" >*OXPHOS↑, Honokiol enhanced ATP production by promoting mitochondrial OXPHOS in BV2 cell
"highlight2" >*PPARα↑, Therefore, we argue that honokiol increases the expression of PPAR and PGC1, thus regulating a metabolic switch from glycolysis to OXPHOS
"highlight2" >*PGC-1α↑,

2888-

HNK,

Honokiol mediated inhibition of PI3K/mTOR pathway: A potential strategy to overcome immunoresistance in glioma, breast and prostate carcinoma without impacting T cell function

in-vitro,

Var,

PC3

in-vitro,

BC,

BT549

"highlight2" >PI3K↓, decrease PI3K/mTOR pathway mediated immunoresistance of glioma, breast and prostate cancer cell lines, without affecting critical pro-inflammatory T cell functions
"highlight2" >mTOR↓,
"highlight2" >Inflam↓, Honokiol has anti-inflammatory properties in T cells

2889-

HNK,

doxoR,

Honokiol, an activator of Sirtuin-3 (SIRT3) preserves mitochondria and protects the heart from doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy in mice

in-vivo,

Nor,

mice

"highlight2" >*SIRT3↑, We have recently identified honokiol (HKL) as an activator of SIRT3
"highlight2" >chemoP↑, HKL-mediated activation of SIRT3 also protects the heart from doxorubicin-induced cardiac damage without compromising the tumor killing potential of doxorubicin.
"highlight2" >*cardioP↑, mice that received doxorubicin plus HKL showed preserved cardiac function, compared to doxorubicin and vehicle treated mice
"highlight2" >mtDam↑, HKL-mediated activation of SIRT3 prevented Doxorubicin induced ROS production, mitochondrial damage and cell death in rat neonatal cardiomyocytes
"highlight2" >ROS↑,
"highlight2" >*ROS↓, We found that cells treated with HKL suppressed doxorubicin-induced ROS levels
"highlight2" >*MMP↑, HKL preserves mitochondrial membrane potential.

2890-

HNK,

SIRT3 activation promotes enteric neurons survival and differentiation

"highlight2" >*SIRT3↑, Honokiol, a naturally occurring compound, is an activator of Sirtuin-3 (SIRT3) that has antioxidant activity.
"highlight2" >*antiOx↑,
"highlight2" >*neuroP↑, Our data supports a neuroprotective effect of honokiol and its derivative

2891-

HNK,

Honokiol, an Active Compound of Magnolia Plant, Inhibits Growth, and Progression of Cancers of Different Organs

Review,

Var,

"highlight2" >AntiCan↑, honokiol possesses anti-carcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, anti-angiogenic as well as inhibitory effect on malignant transformation of papillomas to carcinomas in vitro and in vivo animal models without any appreciable toxicity.
"highlight2" >Inflam↓,
"highlight2" >antiOx↑,
"highlight2" >selectivity↑,
"highlight2" >*toxicity↓,
"highlight2" >cycD1/CCND1↓, honokiol resulted in inhibition of UVB-induced expression levels of cyclins (cyclins D1, D2, and E) and CDKs in skin tumors
"highlight2" >cycE/CCNE↓,
"highlight2" >CDK2↓,
"highlight2" >CDK4↓,
"highlight2" >TumMeta↓, Honokiol Inhibits Metastatic Potential of Melanoma Cells
"highlight2" >NADPH↓, Honokiol not only reduces the NADPH oxidase activity
"highlight2" >MMP2↓, honokiol treatment reduces the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9
"highlight2" >MMP9↓,
"highlight2" >p‑mTOR↓, honokiol caused significant downregulation of mTOR phosphorylation
"highlight2" >EGFR↓, honokiol decreases the expression levels of total EGFR
"highlight2" >EMT↓, honokiol effectively inhibits EMT in breast cancer cells
"highlight2" >SIRT1↑, onokiol increases the expressions of SIRT1 and SIRT3,
"highlight2" >SIRT3↑,
"highlight2" >EZH2↓, depletion of EZH2 by honokiol treatment inhibited cell proliferation
"highlight2" >Snail↓, significantly down regulates Snail, vimentin, N-cadherin expression, and upregulates cytokeratin-18 and E-cadherin expression
"highlight2" >Vim↓,
"highlight2" >N-cadherin↓,
"highlight2" >E-cadherin↑,
"highlight2" >COX2↓, honokiol as an inhibitor of COX-2 expression
"highlight2" >NF-kB↓, inhibited transcriptional activity of NF-jB,
"highlight2" >*ROS↓, Inhibition of UVR-induced inflammatory mediators as well as ROS by honokiol treatment contributes to the prevention of UVR-induced skin tumor development
"highlight2" >Ca+2↑, excessive influx of cytosolic calcium ion into the mitochondria triggers dysfunction of the mitochon- drial membrane permeabilization with mitochondrial ROS induction
"highlight2" >ROS↑,

2892-

HNK,

Honokiol Induces Apoptosis, G1 Arrest, and Autophagy in KRAS Mutant Lung Cancer Cells

in-vitro,

Lung,

A549

 30.42

in-vitro,

Lung,

H460

50.58

in-vitro,

Lung,

H385

59.38 ± 6.75 μM

in-vitro,

Nor,

BEAS-2B

"highlight2" >TumCCA↑, Honokiol was shown to induce G1 arrest and apoptosis to inhibit the growth of KRAS mutant lung cancer cells
"highlight2" >Apoptosis↑,
"highlight2" >SIRT3↑, we also discovered that Sirt3 was significantly up-regulated in honokiol treated KRAS mutant lung cancer cells,
"highlight2" >Hif1a↓, leading to destabilization of its target gene Hif-1α, (accompanied by a reduction of Hif-1a expression)
"highlight2" >selectivity↑, but it showed low toxicity to two normal lung cells (CCD19-Lu and BEAS-2B)
"highlight2" >p‑mTOR↓, honokiol suppressed mTOR phosphorylation, leading to inhibition of P70S6K kinase activity,
"highlight2" >p70S6↓,

2893-

HNK,

doxoR,

Honokiol protects against doxorubicin cardiotoxicity via improving mitochondrial function in mouse hearts

in-vivo,

Nor,

rat

"highlight2" >*mitResp↑, Oxygen consumption in freshly isolated mitochondria from mice treated with Honokiol showed enhanced mitochondrial respiration.
"highlight2" >*PPARγ↑, Honokiol modestly increased PPARγ transcriptional activities in cultured embryonic rat
"highlight2" >*cardioP↑, Honokiol alleviated Dox-cardiotoxicity with improved cardiac function and reduced cardiomyocyte apoptosis
"highlight2" >*SIRT3↑, recent study reported that Honokiol blocks and reverses cardiac hypertrophy in mice by activating mitochondrial SIRT3
"highlight2" >*ROS↓, Honokiol treatment depressed total ROS levels, which illustrated by the less pronounced decreased ratio of GSH/GSSG in mice
"highlight2" >*GSH↑,
"highlight2" >*SOD2↑, Both SOD2 and CD36 were upregulated in the heart of Honokiol treated mice

2894-

HNK,

Pharmacological features, health benefits and clinical implications of honokiol

Review,

Var,

Review,

AD,

"highlight2" >*BioAv↓, HNK showed poor aqueous solubility due to phenolic hydroxyl groups forming intramolecular hydrogen bonds and poor solubility in water (
"highlight2" >*neuroP↑, HNK has the accessibility to reach the neuronal tissue by crossing the BBB and showing neuroprotective effects
"highlight2" >*BBB↑,
"highlight2" >*ROS↓, fig 2
"highlight2" >*Keap1↑,
"highlight2" >*NRF2↑,
"highlight2" >*Casp3↓,
"highlight2" >*SIRT3↑,
"highlight2" >*Rho↓,
"highlight2" >*ERK↓,
"highlight2" >*NF-kB↓,
"highlight2" >angioG↓,
"highlight2" >RAS↓,
"highlight2" >PI3K↓,
"highlight2" >Akt↓,
"highlight2" >mTOR↓,
"highlight2" >*memory↑, oral administration of HNK (1 mg/kg) in senescence-accelerated mice prevents age-related memory and learning deficits
"highlight2" >*Aβ↓, in Alzheimer’s disease, HNK significantly reduces neurotoxicity of aggregated Ab
"highlight2" >*PPARγ↑, Furthermore, the expression of PPARc and PGC1a was increased by HNK, suggesting its beneficial impact on energy metabolism
"highlight2" >*PGC-1α↑,
"highlight2" >NF-kB↓, activation of NFjB was suppressed by HNK via suppression of nuclear translocation and phosphorylation of the p65 subunit and further instigated apoptosis by enhancing TNF-a
"highlight2" >Hif1a↓, HNK has anti-oxidative properties and can downregulate the HIF-1a protein, inhibiting hypoxia- related signaling pathways
"highlight2" >VEGF↓, renal cancer, via decreasing the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and heme-oxygenase-1 (HO-1)
"highlight2" >HO-1↓,
"highlight2" >FOXM1↓, HNK interaction with the FOXM1 oncogenic transcription factor inhibits cancer cells
"highlight2" >p27↑, HNK treatment upregulates the expression of CDK inhibitor p27 and p21, whereas it downregulates the expression of CDK2/4/6 and cyclin D1/2
"highlight2" >P21↑,
"highlight2" >CDK2↓,
"highlight2" >CDK4↓,
"highlight2" >CDK6↓,
"highlight2" >cycD1/CCND1↓,
"highlight2" >Twist↓, HNK averted the invasion of urinary bladder cancer cells by downregulating the steroid receptor coactivator, Twist1 and Matrix metalloproteinase-2
"highlight2" >MMP2↓,
"highlight2" >Rho↑, By activating the RhoA, ROCK and MLC signaling, HNK inhibits the migration of highly metastatic renal cell carcinoma
"highlight2" >ROCK1↑,
"highlight2" >TumCMig↓,
"highlight2" >cFLIP↓, HNK can be used to suppress c-FLIP, the apoptosis inhibitor.
"highlight2" >BMPs↑, HNK treatment increases the expression of BMP7 protein
"highlight2" >OCR↑, HNK might increase the oxygen consumption rate while decreasing the extracellular acidification rate in breast cancer cells.
"highlight2" >ECAR↓,
"highlight2" >*AntiAg↑, It also suppresses the platelet aggregation
"highlight2" >*cardioP↑, HNK is an attractive cardioprotective agent because of its strong antioxidative properties
"highlight2" >*antiOx↑,
"highlight2" >*ROS↓, HNK treatment reduced cellular ROS production and decreased mitochondrial damage in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes exposed to hypoxia/reoxygenation
"highlight2" >P-gp↓, The expres- sion of P-gp at mRNA and protein levels is reduced in HNK treatment on human MDR and MCF-7/ADR breast cancer cell lines

2880-

HNK,

Honokiol inhibits breast cancer cell metastasis by blocking EMT through modulation of Snail/Slug protein translation

in-vitro,

BC,

MCF-7

in-vitro,

BC,

MDA-MB-231

in-vitro,

BC,

4T1

in-vivo,

NA,

50 mg/kg every day, intraperitoneal (i.p.), 6 times per week for 30 days

mouse

"highlight2" >tumCV↓, HNK (10−70 μmol/L) dose-dependently inhibited the viability of human mammary epithelial tumor cell lines MCF7, MDA-MB-231, and mouse mammary tumor cell line 4T1
"highlight2" >E-cadherin↑, dose-dependently upregulated the epithelial marker E-cadherin and downregulated the mesenchymal markers such as Snail, Slug, and vimentin at the protein level in breast cancer cells
"highlight2" >Snail↓,
"highlight2" >Slug↓,
"highlight2" >Vim↓,
"highlight2" >TumMeta↓, HNK inhibits the in vivo metastasis of breast cancer cells
"highlight2" >p‑eIF2α↑, increased eIF2α phosphorylation revealed that HNK might reduce protein translation.

2896-

HNK,

Honokiol inhibits hypoxia-inducible factor-1 pathway

in-vivo,

Colon,

CT26

subcutaneous murine colon carcinoma, CT26

"highlight2" >Hif1a↓, Our data suggest that honokiol can exert its anticancer activity as a HIF-1α inhibitor by reducing HIF-1α protein level and suppressing the hypoxia-related signaling pathway.
"highlight2" >RadioS↑, The animal experiment indicates that honokiol improves the therapeutic efficacy of radiation

2897-

HNK,

Honokiol Inhibits Proliferation, Invasion and Induces Apoptosis Through Targeting Lyn Kinase in Human Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells

in-vitro,

Lung,

PC9

0, 20, 40, 60, and 80 μM

41uM@48h

in-vitro,

Lung,

A549

52uM@48h

"highlight2" >TumCP↓, Honokiol Inhibits Cell Proliferation in Both A549 Cells and PC-9 Cells
"highlight2" >Apoptosis↑, Honokiol Induces Apoptosis in PC-9 Cells
"highlight2" >EGFR↓, Honokiol Suppresses Lyn Kinase and EGFR Signaling Pathway in PC-9 Cells
"highlight2" >PI3K↓, led to a reduction of EGFR/PI3K/AKT and STAT3, and their phosphorylation status.
"highlight2" >Akt↓,
"highlight2" >STAT3↓,
"highlight2" >TumCI↓, honokiol inhibits PC-9 cell proliferation, invasion and induces apoptosis through targeting Lyn kinase and Lyn-mediated EGFR signaling pathway.
"highlight2" >TNF-α↑, Honokiol has efficacy to enhance the activation of TNF-α, in this way, honokiol inhibits activation of NF-κB and Akt. As a result, honokiol dramatically decreases expression level of NF-κB target genes, such as VEGF, MMP-9, and COX-2.
"highlight2" >NF-kB↓,
"highlight2" >VEGF↓,
"highlight2" >MMP9↓,
"highlight2" >COX2↓,

2898-

HNK,

Honokiol Suppression of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2)-Positive Gastric Cancer Cell Biological Activity and Its Mechanism

in-vitro,

GC,

AGS

in-vitro,

GC,

NCI-N87

in-vitro,

BC,

MGC803

in-vitro,

GC,

SGC-7901

"highlight2" >TumCP↓, Honokiol suppressed cell proliferation via increasing cell apoptosis, invasion, and migration with dose dependence.
"highlight2" >Apoptosis↑,
"highlight2" >TumCI↓,
"highlight2" >TumCMig↓,
"highlight2" >HER2/EBBR2↓, HER2 protein expression was significantly depressed in honokiol-treated groups
"highlight2" >TumCCA↑, results show that Hon kept the cell cycle in G1 phase, which might be the cause of the cell apoptosis rate increase.
"highlight2" >PI3K↓, PI3K, AKT, and MMP-9 protein and mRNA expression of Hon-treated groups were significantly suppressed
"highlight2" >Akt↓,
"highlight2" >MMP9↓,
"highlight2" >P21↑, increase P21 protein and gene expression

2899-

HNK,

SIRT3 activator honokiol ameliorates surgery/anesthesia-induced cognitive decline in mice through anti-oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory in hippocampus

in-vivo,

Nor,

Adult C57BL/6 mice

"highlight2" >*memory↑, Honokiol attenuated surgery-induced memory loss and neuronal apoptosis, decreased neuroinflammatory response, and ameliorated oxidative damage in hippocampus.
"highlight2" >*Inflam↓,
"highlight2" >*ROS↓,
"highlight2" >neuroP↑,
"highlight2" >SIRT3↑, HNK increased SIRT3 expression and thus decreased the acetylation of superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2).
"highlight2" >ac‑SOD2↓,

2900-

HNK,

The Role and Therapeutic Perspectives of Sirtuin 3 in Cancer Metabolism Reprogramming, Metastasis, and Chemoresistance

Review,

Var,

"highlight2" >SIRT3↑, Honokiol blocks the growth of lung cancer cells by activating SIRT3 to inhibit HIF-1α expression
"highlight2" >Hif1a↓,
"highlight2" >ChemoSen↑, and also be used as adjuvant chemotherapy to prevent doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in tumors transplanted mice
"highlight2" >chemoP↑,

2901-

HNK,

doxoR,

Honokiol protects against doxorubicin cardiotoxicity via improving mitochondrial function in mouse hearts

in-vivo,

Nor,

mice

"highlight2" >*mitResp↑, mice treated with Honokiol showed enhanced mitochondrial respiration
"highlight2" >*PPARγ↑, Honokiol modestly increased PPARγ transcriptional activities in cultured embryonic rat cardiomyocytes
"highlight2" >*Inflam↓, Honokiol repressed cardiac inflammatory responses and oxidative stress in mice subjected to Dox treatment.
"highlight2" >*ROS↓,
"highlight2" >*cardioP↑, We conclude that Honokiol protects the heart from Dox-cardiotoxicity
"highlight2" >*SOD2↑, Both SOD2 and CD36 were upregulated in the heart of Honokiol treated mice
"highlight2" >*LDH↓, Furthermore, Honokiol treatment reduced the Dox-induced elevation of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity (Fig. 6D) in mice subjected to acute Dox treatment.

2902-

HNK,

Rad,

Honokiol Mitigates Ionizing Radiation-Induced Injury by Maintaining the Redox Balance of the TrxR/Trx System

in-vitro,

Nor,

BEAS-2B

"highlight2" >*TrxR1↑, HKL pre-exposure significantly increased the expressions of TrxR1 and Trx proteins in general, in particular at doses ranging between 0.05 and 5 µM HKL
"highlight2" >*Trx↑,
"highlight2" >*radioP↑, Overall, the findings presented here demonstrate that HKL has the potential to be a novel radioprotector capable of cellular protection against radiation-induced injuries
"highlight2" >*ROS↓, Compared to the IR group, there was a significant decrease in the ROS levels of the HKL+IR treated group

4238-

HNK,

Neuropharmacological potential of honokiol and its derivatives from Chinese herb Magnolia species: understandings from therapeutic viewpoint

Review,

AD,

NA,

Park,

"highlight2" >*BDNF↑, honokiol treatment led to an improvement in plasma BDNF levels.
"highlight2" >*hepatoP↑, prevented liver damage by reducing transaminase levels (ALT and AST), liver OS, and TNF-α activity in mice challenged with LPS.
"highlight2" >*ALAT↓,
"highlight2" >*AST↓,
"highlight2" >*TNF-α↓,
"highlight2" >*SIRT3↑, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10 and 20 μM Enhanced SIRT3 expression, reduced Aβ levels
"highlight2" >*Aβ↓,
"highlight2" >*Apoptosis↓, Honokiol exhibited a dose-dependent reduction in hippocampal neural apoptosis, ROS generation, and decline in the membrane potential of mitochondria caused by AβO
"highlight2" >*ROS↓,
"highlight2" >*MMP↑,
"highlight2" >*Ca+2↓, Dose-dependent reduction of ROS, suppression of intracellular Ca elevation, and inhibition of caspase-3 activity
"highlight2" >*Casp3↓,
"highlight2" >*Ach↑, Increased extracellular acetylcholine release to 165.5 ± 5.78% of the basal level
"highlight2" >*PPARγ↑, Increased the expression of PPARγ and PGC1α
"highlight2" >*PGC-1α↑,
"highlight2" >*motorD↑, Improvement of motor dysfunction due to reversal of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neuronal loss
"highlight2" >*TNF-α↓, Attenuated the levels of ROS, TNF-α, and IL-1β in both the in vivo and in vitro
"highlight2" >*IL1β↓,

4239-

HNK,

Honokiol reverses depressive-like behavior and decrease in brain BDNF levels induced by chronic corticosterone injections in mice

in-vivo,

NA,

Adult Swiss albino mice

"highlight2" >*Mood↑, Treatment of the mice with honokiol significantly suppressed the depression-like behavior and increased brain BDNF levels (P < 0.01) in CORT-treated mice.
"highlight2" >*BDNF↑,

4240-

HNK,

Honokiol Exerts Antidepressant Effects in Rats Exposed to Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress by Regulating Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor Level and Hypothalamus–Pituitary–Adrenal Axis Activity

in-vivo,

NA,

Rat

"highlight2" >*BDNF↑, HNK increased the expression of GRα (mRNA and protein) and BDNF (mRNA and protein) in the hippocampus.

4241-

HNK,

Effects of Honokiol on Neurological Injury and Cognitive Function in Mice with Intracerebral Hemorrhage by Regulating BDNF-TrkB-CREB Signaling Pathway

in-vivo,

Stroke,

mice

"highlight2" >*Apoptosis↓, Honokiol may alleviate hippocampal neuronal apoptosis and damage, and improve cognitive dysfunction in ICH mice by activating the BDNF-TrkB-CREB signaling pathway.
"highlight2" >*cognitive↑,
"highlight2" >*BDNF↑,
"highlight2" >*TrkB↑,
"highlight2" >*CREB↑,

4522-

HNK,

MAG,

Honokiol Is More Potent than Magnolol in Reducing Head and Neck Cancer Cell Growth

in-vitro,

HNSCC,

FaDu

"highlight2" >AntiCan↑, Natural compounds, like Magnolia-derived lignans—honokiol (HON) and magnolol (MAG)—can reduce cancer cell growth but retain a good safety profile and thus may show benefit as adjuvant therapeutics.
"highlight2" >tumCV↓, We observed that HON and MAG were more potent in reducing cell viability in cisplatin persister FaDu cells, although this effect was not directly followed by increased rates of apoptosis.
"highlight2" >eff↑, we observed that HON exerted stronger cytotoxic effects than MAG in HNSCC cells, and the difference in their anti-cancer activity was especially pronounced in cells cultured in 3D.
"highlight2" >survivin↓, HON improved the effects of radiotherapy by targeting survivin, as shown in the in vitro and xenograft models of HNSCC
"highlight2" >RadioS↑,

4523-

HNK,

MAG,

BA,

Honokiol-Magnolol-Baicalin Possesses Synergistic Anticancer Potential and Enhances the Efficacy of Anti-PD-1 Immunotherapy in Colorectal Cancer by Triggering GSDME-Dependent Pyroptosis

in-vitro,

CRC,

HCT116

in-vitro,

CRC,

LoVo

in-vivo,

CRC,

HCT116

mice

"highlight2" >AntiCan↑, honokiol (H), magnolol (M), and baicalin (B) are found to exhibit a synergistic anticancer effect on CRC
"highlight2" >eff↑, Most importantly, HMB is shown to enhance the sensitivity of CRC cells to anti‐PD‐1 immunotherapy in vivo.
"highlight2" >TumCP↓, HMB Synergistically Inhibits Cell Proliferation and Triggers Cell Death in CRC Cells and Organoid Models
"highlight2" >TumCCA↓, HMB treatment induced G0/G1 phase arrest, accompanied by reduced expression of cyclin D1 and p‐RB expression in both HCT116 and LoVo cells.
"highlight2" >cycD1/CCND1↓,
"highlight2" >Pyro↑, HMB Synergistically Induces Pyroptosis and Apoptosis
"highlight2" >Apoptosis↑,
"highlight2" >cl‑GSDME↑, HMB Synergistically Induces Pyroptosis by Promoting the Cleavage of GSDME
"highlight2" >Bcl-2↓, HMB treatment reduced Bcl‐2 expression, promoted cytochrome c release from mitochondria, and activated caspase‐9
"highlight2" >Cyt‑c↑,
"highlight2" >Casp9↑,
"highlight2" >TumCG↓, results demonstrate that the HMB combination synergistically inhibited tumor growth and induced pyroptosis in vivo

4659-

HNK,

Honokiol Eliminates Human Oral Cancer Stem-Like Cells Accompanied with Suppression of Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling and Apoptosis Induction

in-vitro,

Oral,

"highlight2" >cl‑Casp3↑, Apoptosis of honokiol-treated SP cells was evidenced by increased annexin V staining and cleaved caspase-3 as well as decreased Survivin and Bcl-2.
"highlight2" >survivin↓,
"highlight2" >Bcl-2↓,
"highlight2" >CD44↓, Mechanistically, honokiol inhibited the CD44 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling of SP cells
"highlight2" >Wnt↓,
"highlight2" >β-catenin/ZEB1↑,
"highlight2" >EMT↓, EMT markers such as Slug and Snail were markedly suppressed by honokiol.
"highlight2" >Slug↓,
"highlight2" >Snail↓,
"highlight2" >CSCs↓, Our findings indicate honokiol may be able to eliminate oral cancer stem cells through apoptosis induction, suppression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and inhibition of EMT.
"highlight2" >Apoptosis↑, Honokiol-Induced Apoptosis of SAS SP Cells

4688-

HNK,

Honokiol Suppresses Renal Cancer Cells’ Metastasis via Dual-Blocking Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Cancer Stem Cell Properties through Modulating miR-141/ZEB2 Signaling

vitro+vivo,

RCC,

A498

"highlight2" >CSCs↓, honokiol suppressed renal cancer cells’ metastasis via dual-blocking epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stem cell (CSC) properties
"highlight2" >EMT↓,
"highlight2" >TumCG↓, In addition, honokiol inhibited tumor growth in vivo
"highlight2" >PI3K↓, Honokiol was able to attenuate PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling by down-regulation of Akt phosphorylation and upregulation of PTEN expression
"highlight2" >Akt↓,
"highlight2" >mTOR↓,
"highlight2" >p‑Akt↓,
"highlight2" >PTEN↑,
"highlight2" >Wnt↓, In oral cancer cells, honokiol eliminated stem-like cells and suppressed Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling
"highlight2" >β-catenin/ZEB1↓,

2082-

HNK,

Revealing the role of honokiol in human glioma cells by RNA-seq analysis

in-vitro,

GBM,

U87MG

36.27 μM

In U87-MG cells, the optimum concentration of honokiol was 20 µM, and the optimum time was 48 h

in-vitro,

GBM,

U251

59.53 μM

n U251-MG cells, the optimum concentration of honokiol was 40 µM, and the optimum time was 48 h

"highlight2" >AntiCan↑, In summary, studies have demonstrated that honokiol has multiple anticancer effects
"highlight2" >TumCP↑, honokiol suppresses cell proliferation, and promotes autophagy and apoptosis
"highlight2" >TumAuto↑,
"highlight2" >Apoptosis↑,
"highlight2" >*BioAv↑, honokiol could improve bioavailability in nerve tissue through passing the blood-brain barrie
"highlight2" >*neuroP↑, honokiol has neuroprotective effects.
"highlight2" >*NF-kB↑, honokiol could reduce cytokine production and stimulate glial nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) to eliminate the inflammatory response during cerebral ischemia-reperfusion activity
"highlight2" >MAPK↑, honokiol activated cells MAPK signaling pathway in human glioma cells
"highlight2" >GPx4↑, The results showed that the ferroptosis-associated protein GPX4 was suppressed in honokiol-treated cells compared to control cells.
"highlight2" >Tf↑, Ferroptosis-associated protein TF was upregulated in both honokiol-treated cell lines compared to the control
"highlight2" >BAX↑, BAX was increased, and the expression of Bcl-2 was suppressed in both honokiol-treated cells, indicating that honokiol induced apoptosis in the human glioma cell lines U87-MG and U251-MG.
"highlight2" >Bcl-2↓,
"highlight2" >antiOx↑, Researchers have found that the antioxidant capacity of honokiol is 1000 times greater than that of vitamin E
"highlight2" >Hif1a↓, reduce HIF-1α protein levels and suppress hypoxia-related signaling pathways
"highlight2" >Ferroptosis↑, Honokiol activated ferroptosis in human glioma cells

1004-

HNK,

RAPA,

Honokiol downregulates PD-L1 expression and enhances antitumor effects of mTOR inhibitors in renal cancer cells

in-vitro,

RCC,

"highlight2" >Apoptosis↑, HNK is more potent than RAPA, both HNK and RAPA inhibited the proliferation of renal cancer cells and promoted apoptosis
"highlight2" >TumCCA↑, G1 phase cell cycle arrest
"highlight2" >ROS↑, HNK and RAPA significantly increased ROS generation in these cells and it was much higher in the HNK and RAPA combinatorial treatment.
"highlight2" >PD-L1↓, HNK, but not RAPA, significantly decreased the expression of PD-L1
"highlight2" >IFN-γ↓, HNK can also downmodulate IFN-γ-induced PD-L1expression

1021-

HNK,

Honokiol suppress the PD-L1 expression to improve anti-tumor immunity in lung cancer

in-vivo,

Lung,

"highlight2" >PD-L1↓, in cells with high PD-L1 expression
"highlight2" >T-Cell↑, facilitates T cell killing of tumor cells
"highlight2" >CD4+↑,
"highlight2" >CD8+↑,
"highlight2" >TumCG↓, mice

1087-

HNK,

Honokiol Inhibits Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Migration by Targeting PGE2-Mediated Activation of β-Catenin Signaling

in-vitro,

Lung,

A549

in-vitro,

Lung,

H1299

in-vitro,

Lung,

H460

in-vitro,

Lung,

H226

"highlight2" >TumCMig↓,
"highlight2" >COX2↓,
"highlight2" >PGE2↓,
"highlight2" >NF-kB↓,
"highlight2" >p65↓,
"highlight2" >β-catenin/ZEB1↓,
"highlight2" >MMP2↓,
"highlight2" >MMP9↓,

1119-

HNK,

Honokiol inhibits epithelial—mesenchymal transition in breast cancer cells by targeting signal transducer and activator of transcription 3/Zeb1/E‐cadherin axis

vitro+vivo,

BC,

"highlight2" >EMT↓,
"highlight2" >MSCmark↓,
"highlight2" >EM↑,
"highlight2" >STAT3↓,
"highlight2" >Zeb1↓,
"highlight2" >E-cadherin↑,

1120-

HNK,

Honokiol suppresses renal cancer cells' metastasis via dual-blocking epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cancer stem cell properties through modulating miR-141/ZEB2 signaling

vitro+vivo,

RCC,

"highlight2" >EMT↓,
"highlight2" >CSCs↓, cancer stem cell (CSC) properties
"highlight2" >TumCG↓,
"highlight2" >miR-141↑,

1153-

HNK,

Honokiol Eliminates Glioma/Glioblastoma Stem Cell-Like Cells via JAK-STAT3 Signaling and Inhibits Tumor Progression by Targeting Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor

in-vitro,

GBM,

U251

in-vitro,

GBM,

U87MG

in-vivo,

NA,

mice + zebrafish

"highlight2" >tumCV↓,
"highlight2" >Apoptosis↑,
"highlight2" >TumCMig↓,
"highlight2" >TumCI↓,
"highlight2" >Bcl-2↓,
"highlight2" >EGFR↓,
"highlight2" >CD133↓,
"highlight2" >Nestin↓,
"highlight2" >Akt↓,
"highlight2" >ERK↓,
"highlight2" >Casp3↑,
"highlight2" >p‑STAT3↓,
"highlight2" >TumCG↓, in vivo

"highlight2" >cl‑PARP↑,

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 67

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:

Infection & Microbiome ⓘ

CD8+↑, 1,
Total Targets: 228

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:

Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

antiOx↑, 10, Catalase↑, 2, GPx↑, 1, GSH↑, 4, HO-1↑, 4, Keap1↑, 1, NRF2↑, 5, OXPHOS↓, 1, OXPHOS↑, 1, ROS↓, 19, ROS↑, 1, ROS⇅, 1, mt-ROS↓, 2, SIRT3↑, 6, SOD↓, 1, SOD↑, 1, SOD2↑, 3, Trx↑, 1, Trx1↑, 1, TrxR1↑, 2,

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ

ATP↑, 1, mitResp↑, 2, MMP↑, 5, PGC-1α↑, 5,

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

ALAT↓, 2, BMAL1↑, 1, CREB↑, 1, ECAR↓, 1, Glycolysis↓, 1, Glycolysis↑, 1, LDH↓, 1, NADPH↓, 1, NADPH↑, 1, PPARα↑, 1, PPARγ↑, 5,

Cell Death ⓘ

p‑Akt↑, 1, Apoptosis↓, 2, BAX↓, 1, Bcl-2↑, 1, Casp3↓, 3, Cyt‑c↑, 1,

Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ

Ach↑, 1,

Protein Folding & ER Stress ⓘ

CHOP↓, 1, GRP78/BiP↓, 1,

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

ERK↓, 1, ERK↑, 1, GSK‐3β↓, 1,

Migration ⓘ

AntiAg↑, 1, Ca+2↓, 2, CXCL12↑, 1, p‑Rac1↓, 1, Rho↓, 1, β-catenin/ZEB1↑, 1,

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

NO↓, 1, VEGF↓, 1,

Barriers & Transport ⓘ

BBB↑, 4, P-gp↓, 1,

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

COX2↓, 1, IKKα↑, 1, IL10↓, 1, IL1β↓, 3, IL6↓, 2, Inflam↓, 8, NF-kB↓, 3, NF-kB↑, 1, PAR-2↓, 1, PGE2↓, 1, TNF-α↓, 5,

Synaptic & Neurotransmission ⓘ

AChE↓, 1, BDNF↑, 4, p‑tau↓, 1, TrkB↑, 1,

Protein Aggregation ⓘ

Aβ↓, 3,

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

BioAv↓, 2, BioAv↑, 2, BioAv↝, 1, Dose⇅, 1, eff↑, 3,

Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ

ALAT↓, 2, ALP↓, 1, AST↓, 2, IL6↓, 2, LDH↓, 1,

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

AntiAge↑, 1, cardioP↑, 5, cognitive↑, 3, hepatoP↑, 2, memory↑, 3, Mood↑, 1, motorD↑, 3, neuroP↑, 8, OS↑, 1, Pain↓, 1, radioP↑, 1, RenoP↑, 1, toxicity↓, 4, toxicity↑, 1, toxicity↝, 1, toxicity∅, 1,

Infection & Microbiome ⓘ

Bacteria↓, 2,
Total Targets: 100

Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:%  prod#:94  Target#:%  State#:%  Dir#:%
  wNotes=on  sortOrder:rid,rpid

Database Query Results : Honokiol, ,

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:

Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

Metal & Cofactor Biology ⓘ

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

Cell Death ⓘ

Kinase & Signal Transduction ⓘ

Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ

Protein Folding & ER Stress ⓘ

Autophagy & Lysosomes ⓘ

DNA Damage & Repair ⓘ

Cell Cycle & Senescence ⓘ

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

Migration ⓘ

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

Barriers & Transport ⓘ

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

Hormonal & Nuclear Receptors ⓘ

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

Infection & Microbiome ⓘ

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:

Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

Cell Death ⓘ

Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ

Protein Folding & ER Stress ⓘ

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

Migration ⓘ

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

Barriers & Transport ⓘ

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

Synaptic & Neurotransmission ⓘ

Protein Aggregation ⓘ

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

Infection & Microbiome ⓘ

Home Page