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| Lycopene is a naturally occurring carotenoid found predominantly in tomatoes and other red fruits and vegetables. Antioxidant Properties: -Lycopene is a powerful antioxidant. It helps neutralize free radicals, which can reduce oxidative stress—a factor implicated in cancer development. Possible concern about interfering with chemotherapy and radiation therapy. However this review disagrees. Inflammation Reduction: -Some studies suggest that lycopene may help lower levels of inflammation, another process linked to cancer progression At supraphysiological or extremely high concentrations, lycopene may have the potential to switch from an antioxidant to a prooxidant role -The prooxidant effect of lycopene has been observed under conditions of high oxygen tension. In vitro studies have suggested that in environments with elevated oxygen levels, lycopene might promote rather than neutralize the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). -The presence of metal ions (such as iron or copper) in the environment can catalyze reactions where antioxidants, including lycopene, contribute to oxidative processes. These metals can interact with lycopene, potentially leading to the formation of radicals. The mevalonate pathway produces cholesterol and a variety of isoprenoids, which are important for maintaining cell membrane integrity, protein prenylation, and other essential cellular functions. -One of the primary enzymes in this pathway is HMG-CoA reductase (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase), which is the target of statin drugs used for lowering cholesterol. Some studies suggest that lycopene might downregulate the activity of HMG-CoA reductase or other enzymes in the mevalonate pathway. By doing so, lycopene could potentially reduce the synthesis of cholesterol and isoprenoids that are necessary for rapid cell proliferation—an especially relevant aspect in cancer cells. Lycopene typically used in a 100mg/day range for cancer (inhibition of the the Melavonate Pathway) -also has antiplatelet aggregation capability. -Note half-life 16–20 days. BioAv Heat processing, especially when combined with a small amount of fat, significantly enhances lycopene’s bioaccessibility and absorption. (20% under optimal conditions) Pathways: - ROS usually goes down, but may go up or down depending on dose and environment. Lycopene may also be modified to be a "oxdiative product" which may change the behaviour. - Raises antiOx↑">AntiOxidant defense in Normal Cells: ROS↓, NRF2↑, SOD↑, GSH↑, Catalase↑, - lowers Inflammation : NF-kB↓, COX2↓, p38↓, Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines : NLRP3↓, IL-1β↓, TNF-α↓, IL-6↓, IL-8↓ - inhibit Growth/Metastases : EMT↓, MMPs↓, MMP9↓, IGF-1↓, uPA↓, VEGF↓, ROCK1↓, FAK↓, RhoA↓, NF-κB↓, ERK↓ - reactivate genes thereby inhibiting cancer cell growth : EZH2↓, P53↑, Sp proteins↓, - cause Cell cycle arrest : TumCCA↑, cyclin D1↓, cyclin E↓, CDK2↓, CDK4↓, - inhibits Migration/Invasion : TumCMig↓, TumCI↓, TNF-α↓, FAK↓, ERK↓, EMT↓, - inhibits angiogenesis↓ : VEGF↓, HIF-1α↓, Integrins↓, - Others: PI3K↓, AKT↓, JAK↓, STAT↓, Wnt↓, β-catenin↓, AMPK, ERK↓, JNK, - SREBP (related to cholesterol). - Synergies: chemo-sensitization, chemoProtective, RadioSensitizer, RadioProtective, Others(review target notes), Neuroprotective, Cognitive, Renoprotection, Hepatoprotective, CardioProtective, - Selectivity: Cancer Cells vs Normal Cells
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| Various antioxidants such as Nrf2, SODs, catalase, GPxs, PRDXs, and GSTs are altered in different cancers and have been linked to prognosis. Their overexpression can correlate with aggressive tumor behavior and resistance to treatment in many contexts. |
| 4881- | CUR, | SFN, | RES, | EGCG, | Lyco | An update of Nrf2 activators and inhibitors in cancer prevention/promotion |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 4780- | Lyco, | Potential inhibitory effect of lycopene on prostate cancer |
| - | Review, | Pca, | NA |
| 4777- | Lyco, | Lycopene Inhibits Activation of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and Expression of Cyclooxygenase-2 in Gastric Cancer Cells |
| - | in-vitro, | GC, | AGS |
| 4230- | Lyco, | Supplementation of lycopene attenuates oxidative stress induced neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment via Nrf2/NF-κB transcriptional pathway |
| - | in-vivo, | AD, | NA |
| 4229- | Lyco, | Implicating the role of lycopene in restoration of mitochondrial enzymes and BDNF levels in β-amyloid induced Alzheimer׳s disease |
| - | in-vivo, | AD, | NA |
| 4783- | Lyco, | Lycopene suppresses gastric cancer cell growth without affecting normal gastric epithelial cells |
| - | in-vitro, | GC, | AGS | - | in-vitro, | GC, | SGC-7901 | - | in-vitro, | Nor, | GES-1 |
| 3828- | Lyco, | Lycopene alleviates oxidative stress via the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2pathway in a cell model of Alzheimer's disease |
| - | in-vitro, | AD, | M146L |
| 3533- | Lyco, | Chemo, | Lycopene and chemotherapy toxicity |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 3532- | Lyco, | Lycopene alleviates oxidative stress via the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2pathway in a cell model of Alzheimer’s disease |
| - | in-vitro, | AD, | NA |
| 3530- | Lyco, | Lycopene Scavenges Cellular ROS, Modulates Autophagy and Improves Survival through 7SK snRNA Interaction in Smooth Muscle Cells |
| - | in-vitro, | Stroke, | NA |
| 3528- | Lyco, | The Importance of Antioxidant Activity for the Health-Promoting Effect of Lycopene |
| - | Review, | Nor, | NA | - | Review, | AD, | NA | - | Review, | Park, | NA |
| 4793- | Lyco, | Lycopene treatment inhibits activation of Jak1/Stat3 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling and attenuates hyperproliferation in gastric epithelial cells |
| - | in-vitro, | GC, | AGS |
| 4801- | Lyco, | Lycopene in the Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases |
| - | Review, | CardioV, | NA |
| 4800- | Lyco, | Recent insights on pharmacological potential of lycopene and its nanoformulations: an emerging paradigm towards improvement of human health |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 4799- | Lyco, | Anticancer Properties of Lycopene |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 4796- | Lyco, | The Anti-proliferation Effects of Lycopene on Breast Cancer Cells |
| - | in-vitro, | BC, | MCF-7 | - | in-vitro, | Nor, | MCF10 |
| 4792- | Lyco, | A Comprehensive Review on the Molecular Mechanism of Lycopene in Cancer Therapy |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 4791- | Lyco, | Investigating into anti-cancer potential of lycopene: Molecular targets |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 4790- | Lyco, | Role of Lycopene in the Control of ROS-Mediated Cell Growth: Implications in Cancer Prevention |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 4789- | Lyco, | Inhibitory Effect of Lycopene on Amyloid-β-Induced Apoptosis in Neuronal Cells |
| - | in-vitro, | AD, | SH-SY5Y |
| 4784- | Lyco, | Protective effects of lycopene in cancer, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases: An update on epidemiological and mechanistic perspectives |
| - | Review, | Diabetic, | NA | - | Review, | CardioV, | NA |
| 1714- | Lyco, | Lycopene reduces ovarian tumor growth and intraperitoneal metastatic load |
| - | in-vitro, | Ovarian, | OV-MZ-6 | - | in-vivo, | NA, | NA |
| 3261- | Lyco, | Lycopene and Vascular Health |
| - | Review, | Stroke, | NA |
| 1717- | Lyco, | Potential Role of Carotenoids as Antioxidants in Human Health and Disease |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 1716- | Lyco, | Anti-inflammatory Activity of β-Carotene, Lycopene and Tri-n-butylborane, a Scavenger of Reactive Oxygen Species |
| - | in-vitro, | AML, | RAW264.7 |
| 1715- | Lyco, | Pro-oxidant Actions of Carotenoids in Triggering Apoptosis of Cancer Cells: A Review of Emerging Evidence |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 1713- | Lyco, | Lycopene: A Potent Antioxidant with Multiple Health Benefits |
| - | Review, | Nor, | NA |
| 1711- | Lyco, | Nutritional Importance of Carotenoids and Their Effect on Liver Health: A Review |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 1710- | Lyco, | Lycopene: A Natural Arsenal in the War against Oxidative Stress and Cardiovascular Diseases |
| - | Review, | CardioV, | NA |
| 1709- | Lyco, | Lycopene prevents carcinogen-induced cutaneous tumor by enhancing activation of the Nrf2 pathway through p62-triggered autophagic Keap1 degradation |
| - | in-vitro, | Nor, | JB6 |
| 3280- | Lyco, | Lycopene as A Carotenoid Provides Radioprotectant and Antioxidant Effects by Quenching Radiation-Induced Free Radical Singlet Oxygen: An Overview |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 3277- | Lyco, | Recent trends and advances in the epidemiology, synergism, and delivery system of lycopene as an anti-cancer agent |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 3529- | Lyco, | The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of lycopene in mice lungs exposed to cigarette smoke |
| - | in-vivo, | Nor, | NA |
| 3273- | Lyco, | Lycopene |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 3268- | Lyco, | Lycopene as a Natural Antioxidant Used to Prevent Human Health Disorders |
| - | Review, | AD, | NA |
| 3264- | Lyco, | Pharmacological potentials of lycopene against aging and aging‐related disorders: A review |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA | - | Review, | AD, | NA | - | Review, | Stroke, | NA |
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers. Such Conditions may include : -low or high Dose -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations -different cell line effects -synergies with other products -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells
Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:% IllCat:% CanType:% Cells:% prod#:119 Target#:1103 State#:% Dir#:2
wNotes=0 sortOrder:rid,rpid