condition found tbRes List
Lyco, Lycopene: Click to Expand ⟱
Features:
Lycopene is a naturally occurring carotenoid found predominantly in tomatoes and other red fruits and vegetables.

Antioxidant Properties:
-Lycopene is a powerful antioxidant. It helps neutralize free radicals, which can reduce oxidative stress—a factor implicated in cancer development. Possible concern about interfering with chemotherapy and radiation therapy. However this review disagrees.
Inflammation Reduction:
-Some studies suggest that lycopene may help lower levels of inflammation, another process linked to cancer progression

At supraphysiological or extremely high concentrations, lycopene may have the potential to switch from an antioxidant to a prooxidant role
-The prooxidant effect of lycopene has been observed under conditions of high oxygen tension. In vitro studies have suggested that in environments with elevated oxygen levels, lycopene might promote rather than neutralize the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS).
-The presence of metal ions (such as iron or copper) in the environment can catalyze reactions where antioxidants, including lycopene, contribute to oxidative processes. These metals can interact with lycopene, potentially leading to the formation of radicals.

The mevalonate pathway produces cholesterol and a variety of isoprenoids, which are important for maintaining cell membrane integrity, protein prenylation, and other essential cellular functions.
-One of the primary enzymes in this pathway is HMG-CoA reductase (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase), which is the target of statin drugs used for lowering cholesterol. Some studies suggest that lycopene might downregulate the activity of HMG-CoA reductase or other enzymes in the mevalonate pathway. By doing so, lycopene could potentially reduce the synthesis of cholesterol and isoprenoids that are necessary for rapid cell proliferation—an especially relevant aspect in cancer cells.

Lycopene typically used in a 100mg/day range for cancer (inhibition of the the Melavonate Pathway)
-also has antiplatelet aggregation capability.

-Note half-life 16–20 days.
BioAv Heat processing, especially when combined with a small amount of fat, significantly enhances lycopene’s bioaccessibility and absorption. (20% under optimal conditions)
Pathways:
- ROS usually goes down, but may go up or down depending on dose and environment
- Raises AntiOxidant defense in Normal Cells: ROS↓, NRF2↑, SOD↑, GSH↑, Catalase↑,
- lowers Inflammation : NF-kB↓, COX2↓, p38↓, Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines : NLRP3↓, IL-1β↓, TNF-α↓, IL-6↓, IL-8↓
- inhibit Growth/Metastases : EMT↓, MMPs↓, MMP9↓, IGF-1↓, uPA↓, VEGF↓, ROCK1↓, FAK↓, RhoA↓, NF-κB↓, ERK↓
- reactivate genes thereby inhibiting cancer cell growth : EZH2↓, P53↑, Sp proteins↓,
- cause Cell cycle arrest : TumCCA↑, cyclin D1↓, cyclin E↓, CDK2↓, CDK4↓,
- inhibits Migration/Invasion : TumCMig↓, TumCI↓, TNF-α↓, FAK↓, ERK↓, EMT↓,
- inhibits angiogenesis↓ : VEGF↓, HIF-1α↓, Integrins↓,
- Others: PI3K↓, AKT↓, JAK↓, STAT↓, Wnt↓, β-catenin↓, AMPK, ERK↓, JNK, - SREBP (related to cholesterol).
- Synergies: chemo-sensitization, chemoProtective, RadioSensitizer, RadioProtective, Others(review target notes), Neuroprotective, Cognitive, Renoprotection, Hepatoprotective, CardioProtective,

- Selectivity: Cancer Cells vs Normal Cells


RenoP, K,Renoprotection: Click to Expand ⟱
Source:
Type:
Protects kidneys
-Same as nephroprotective
Opposite is : Nephrotoxicity is toxicity in the kidneys
Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
3281- Lyco,  Chemo,    Lycopene Supplementation for Patients Under Cancer Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
- Review, Var, NA
eff↑, Our study shows that lycopene supplementation does not modify the main hallmarks of cancer, but it increases circulating lycopene concentration in patients under cancer therapy, which could have a positive impact on potential clinical and molecular o
cardioP↑, A systematic review and meta-analysis reported that tomato and lycopene supplementation have positive effects on cardiovascular risk factors
eff?, lycopene supplementation may have benefits in the oncology population during cancer treatment.
PSA↓, Lycopene supplementation improved PSA levels in patients with an intermediate risk of cancer
RenoP↑, Surprisingly, lycopene has been shown to improve renal makers of nephrotoxicity after cisplatin treatment

3531- Lyco,    Lycopene attenuates the inflammation and apoptosis in aristolochic acid nephropathy by targeting the Nrf2 antioxidant system
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*NRF2↑, After LYC intervened in the body, it activated Nrf2 nuclear translocation and its downstream HO-1 and NQO1 antioxidant signaling pathways
*HO-1↑, Lycopene activates Nrf2-HO-1 antioxidant pathway to inhibit oxidative stress injury induced by AAI exposure in NRK52E cells
*NQO1↑,
*ROS↓, LYC inhibited ROS production by renal tubular epithelial cells, and alleviated mitochondrial damage.
*mtDam↓,
*Bcl-2↑, LYC was able to up-regulate the expression of Bcl-2, down-regulate Bax expression and inhibit the activation of cleaved forms of Caspase-9 and Caspase-3, which finally attenuated the apoptosis
*BAX↓,
*Casp9↓,
*Casp3↓,
*Apoptosis↓,
*RenoP↑, Interestingly, there was a significant improvement in damaged renal tissue in mice with AAN after lycopene intervention
*lipid-P↓, lycopene significantly decreased the expression of AAI-induced lipid peroxidation product (MDA), and increased the expression of antioxidant enzyme systems (T-AOC, SOD, and GSH-PX)
*SOD↑,
*GPx↑,
*Inflam↓, Lycopene improves inflammatory responses in the kidneys of AAN mice
*TNF-α↓, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, was increased and the expression of IL-12 was decreased in the kidneys of model mice compared with the control group. However, LYC intervention reversed the expression of these genes in a dose-dependent manner
*IL6↓,
*IL10↓,

3264- Lyco,    Pharmacological potentials of lycopene against aging and aging‐related disorders: A review
- Review, Var, NA - Review, AD, NA - Review, Stroke, NA
*antiOx↑, Anti‐oxidative mechanism of lycopene
*ROS↓, Lycopene inhibits ROS generation and subsequent oxidative stress by inducing antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GSH, GSH‐Px, and GST) and limiting MDA level and lipid peroxidation (LPO).
*SOD↑,
*Catalase↑,
*GSH↑,
*GSTs↑,
*MDA↓,
*lipid-P↓,
*NRF2↑, Lycopene also prevents ROS release by upregulating Nrf2‐mediated HO‐1 levels and inhibiting iNOS‐activated NO generation
*HO-1↑,
*iNOS↓,
*NO↓,
*TAC↑, upregulating total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and direct inhibition of 8‐OHdG, NOX4.
*NOX4↓,
*Inflam↓, Anti‐inflammatory mechanism of lycopene.
*IL1↓, IL‐1, IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐1β, and TNF‐α release.
*IL6↓,
*IL8↓,
*IL1β↓,
*TNF-α↓,
*TLR2↓, prevents inflammation by inhibiting toll‐like receptors TLR2 and TLR4 and endothelial adhesion molecules VCAM1 and ICAM‐1.
*TLR4↓,
*VCAM-1↓,
*ICAM-1↓,
*STAT3↓, inhibiting STAT3, NF‐κB, ERK pathway, and IL‐6 and TNF‐α release.
*NF-kB↓,
*ERK↓,
*BP↓, Another clinical study demonstrated that consumption of raw tomato (200 g/day) could prevent type 2 diabetes‐associated cardiovascular diseases by lowering systolic and diastolic blood pressure, upregulating ApoA1, and downregulating ApoB levels
ROS↓, lycopene suppresses the metastasis of the SK‐HEP‐1 cell line by NOX‐4 mRNA expression inhibition and the reactive ROS intracellular activity inhibition
PGE2↓, Lycopene is also used to treat colorectal cancer cells in humans, and the introduction of lycopene decreases the prostaglandin E2 and nitric oxide levels
cardioP↑, Lycopene‐rich foods can be highly beneficial in preventing cardiovascular diseases as lycopene is a potential source of antioxidants
*neuroP↑, beneficial role of lycopene on aging‐related neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, has been confirmed in both experimental and clinical trials
*creat↓, Several pre‐clinical studies reported that lycopene treatment significantly reduced serum urea and serum creatinine, as well as reversed various toxic chemical‐induced nephrotoxicity and oxidative damage by exhibiting excellent antioxidative properti
*RenoP↑,

1713- Lyco,    Lycopene: A Potent Antioxidant with Multiple Health Benefits
- Review, Nor, NA
*antiOx↑, As one of the most potent antioxidants, its capacity to neutralise singlet oxygen is double that of ?-carotene, ten times greater than that of ?-tocopherol, and one hundred and twenty-five times more effective than glutathione
*ROS⇅, lycopene acts as an antioxidant in systems that produce singlet oxygen but behaves as a pro-oxidant in systems that create peroxide
*Dose↝, In low doses, it acts as an antioxidant, but at high doses, it acts as a pro-oxidant
*eff↑, In situation where there is an imbalance between antioxidant defences and ROS production, such as during inflammation or exposure to environmental toxins [91], lycopene may switch from its antioxidant role to a pro-oxidant role
*LDL↓, Wistar rats given a high-fat diet and 50mg/kg body weight of lycopene daily for 3mths had significant reductions in plasma total cholesterol, triglycerides, and lLDL levels but increased HDL cholesterol
*RenoP↑, shown to protect the kidney against chemically induced damage
*Inflam↓, evidence is plentiful demonstrating the anti-inflammatory effects of lycopene both in vitro and in vivo
neuroP↑, mice with Alzheimer's disease induced by ? amyloid, lycopene reduced oxidative stress, decreased neuronal loss, improved synaptic plasticity, and inhibited neuroinflammation
Rho↓, lycopene treatment was demonstrated to have the potential to mitigate vascular arteriosclerosis in allograft transplantation by inhibiting Rho-associated kinases


* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 4

Results for Effect on Cancer/Diseased Cells:
cardioP↑,2,   eff?,1,   eff↑,1,   neuroP↑,1,   PGE2↓,1,   PSA↓,1,   RenoP↑,1,   Rho↓,1,   ROS↓,1,  
Total Targets: 9

Results for Effect on Normal Cells:
antiOx↑,2,   Apoptosis↓,1,   BAX↓,1,   Bcl-2↑,1,   BP↓,1,   Casp3↓,1,   Casp9↓,1,   Catalase↑,1,   creat↓,1,   Dose↝,1,   eff↑,1,   ERK↓,1,   GPx↑,1,   GSH↑,1,   GSTs↑,1,   HO-1↑,2,   ICAM-1↓,1,   IL1↓,1,   IL10↓,1,   IL1β↓,1,   IL6↓,2,   IL8↓,1,   Inflam↓,3,   iNOS↓,1,   LDL↓,1,   lipid-P↓,2,   MDA↓,1,   mtDam↓,1,   neuroP↑,1,   NF-kB↓,1,   NO↓,1,   NOX4↓,1,   NQO1↑,1,   NRF2↑,2,   RenoP↑,3,   ROS↓,2,   ROS⇅,1,   SOD↑,2,   STAT3↓,1,   TAC↑,1,   TLR2↓,1,   TLR4↓,1,   TNF-α↓,2,   VCAM-1↓,1,  
Total Targets: 44

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: RenoP, K,Renoprotection
4 Lycopene
1 Chemotherapy
Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:%  prod#:119  Target#:1175  State#:%  Dir#:%
  wNotes=on  sortOrder:rid,rpid

 

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