Magnetic Fields Cancer Research Results

MF, Magnetic Fields: Click to Expand ⟱
Features: Therapy
Magnetic Fields can be Static, or pulsed. The most common therapy is a pulsed magnetic field in the uT or mT range.
The main pathways affected are:
Calcium Signaling: -influence the activity of voltage-gated calcium channels.
Oxidative Stress and Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Pathways
Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs) and Cellular Stress Responses
Cell Proliferation and Growth Signaling: MAPK/ERK pathway.
Gene Expression and Epigenetic Modifications: NF-κB
Angiogenesis Pathways: VEGF (improving VEGF for normal cells)
PEMF was found to have a 2-fold increase in drug uptake compared to traditional electrochemotherapy in rat melanoma models

Pathways:
- most reports have ROS production increasing in cancer cells , while decreasing in normal cells.
- ROS↑ related: MMP↓(ΔΨm), ER Stress↑, UPR↑, GRP78↑, Ca+2↑, Cyt‑c↑, Caspases↑, DNA damage↑, cl-PARP↑, HSP↓, Prx,
- Raises AntiOxidant defense in Normal Cells: ROS↓, NRF2↑, SOD↑, GSH↑, Catalase↑,
- lowers Inflammation : NF-kB↓, COX2↓, Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines : NLRP3↓, IL-1β↓, TNF-α↓, IL-6↓, IL-8↓
- inhibit Growth/Metastases : TumMeta↓, TumCG↓, VEGF↓(mostly regulated up in normal cells),
- cause Cell cycle arrest : TumCCA↑,
- inhibits Migration/Invasion : TumCMig↓, TumCI↓, TNF-α↓,
- inhibits glycolysis /Warburg Effect and ATP depletion : HIF-1α↓, PKM2↓, GLUT1↓, LDH↓, HK2↓, PFKs↓, PDKs↓, ECAR↓, OXPHOS↓, GRP78↑, Glucose↓, GlucoseCon↓
- inhibits angiogenesis↓ : VEGF↓, HIF-1α↓, Notch↓, FGF↓, PDGF↓, EGFR↓, Integrins↓,
- Others: PI3K↓, AKT↓, STAT↓, Wnt↓, β-catenin↓, ERK↓, JNK, - SREBP (related to cholesterol).
- Synergies: chemo-sensitization, chemoProtective, cytoProtective, RadioSensitizer, RadioProtective, Others(review target notes), Neuroprotective, Hepatoprotective, CardioProtective,

- Selectivity: Cancer Cells vs Normal Cells

Non-Static Magnetic Fields (AC / Pulsed / Oscillating MF)
Rank Pathway / Axis Cancer Cells Normal Cells TSF Primary Effect Notes / Interpretation
1 Reactive oxygen species (ROS) ↑ ROS (P→R); often sustained (G) ↑ ROS (P); ↔/↓ net ROS (R→G) P, R, G Upstream redox perturbation MF perturbs electron/radical dynamics: normal cells often adapt (ROS setpoint ↓), cancer cells less so
2 NRF2 antioxidant response ↔ / insufficient NRF2 induction (R→G) ↑ NRF2 activation (R→G) R, G Adaptive redox defense Explains mixed ROS direction in normal cells (initial ↑ then adaptive ↓)
3 Glutathione (GSH) homeostasis ↓ GSH (R→G) ↔ or transient ↓ (R) with recovery (G) R, G Redox buffering capacity GSH depletion reflects sustained oxidative load; recovery indicates successful adaptation
4 Superoxide dismutase (SOD) / antioxidant enzymes ↔ or inadequate enzyme upshift (G) ↑ SOD/GPx/CAT capacity (G) G Longer-term antioxidant remodeling Often the “endpoint” readout that correlates with ROS-normalization in normal tissue
5 Mitochondrial ETC / respiration ↓ ETC efficiency; ↑ electron leak (P→R) ↔ mild, reversible ETC perturbation (P→R) P, R Bioenergetic destabilization ETC perturbation is a mechanistic bridge between MF exposure and ROS/ΔΨm changes
6 Mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm / MMP) ↓ ΔΨm (R); may progress (G) ↔ preserved or reversible dip (R) R, G Mitochondrial dysfunction thresholding ΔΨm loss typically follows ROS/ETC disruption rather than preceding it
7 Ca²⁺ signaling (VGCC / ER–mitochondria Ca²⁺ flux) ↑ dysregulated Ca²⁺ influx/transfer (P→R); overload may persist (G) ↑ transient Ca²⁺ signaling (P); homeostasis restored (R→G) P, R, G Stress signal amplification Ca²⁺ dysregulation links ROS/ETC perturbation to ER stress and mitochondrial dysfunction (amplifies ΔΨm loss and UPR commitment)
8 Mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) ↑ MPTP opening propensity (R); sustained opening possible (G) ↔ transient or closed (R→G) P, R, G Commitment point for mitochondrial failure MPTP opening integrates ROS, Ca²⁺ overload, and ΔΨm loss; acts as a threshold event converting reversible stress into irreversible mitochondrial dysfunction
9 ER stress / UPR ↑ ER stress (R); CHOP-commitment possible (G) ↑ adaptive UPR (R); resolves (G) R, G Proteostasis stress Often downstream of ROS + Ca²⁺ handling perturbations
10 DNA damage (oxidative) ↑ damage markers (R→G) ↔ or repaired (G) R, G Checkpoint pressure Generally secondary to ROS; interpret as stress consequence not “direct genotoxicity”
11 LDH / glycolytic flux ↓ glycolytic performance (R→G) ↔ flexible substrate switching (R→G) R, G Metabolic vulnerability Redox imbalance can destabilize high-rate glycolysis in cancer-biased contexts
12 Thioredoxin system (Trx / TrxR) ↓ functional reserve / overload (R→G) ↔ preserved capacity (G) R, G Parallel antioxidant system stress Useful when GSH-only does not explain redox phenotype 
Time-Scale Flag: TSF = P / R / G
  P: 0–30 min (physical / electron / radical effects)
  R: 30 min–3 hr (redox signaling & stress response)
  G: >3 hr (gene-regulatory adaptation)
MPTP: opening represents a mitochondrial commitment event integrating ROS and Ca²⁺ stress; sustained opening indicates irreversible bioenergetic failure.
Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
4425- MF,  doxoR,    Brief Magnetic Field Exposure Stimulates Doxorubicin Uptake into Breast Cancer Cells in Association with TRPC1 Expression: A Precision Oncology Methodology to Enhance Chemotherapeutic Outcome
- in-vitro, BC, 4T1 - in-vitro, BC, MCF-7
ChemoSen↑, TRPC1↑, Dose↓, selectivity↑,
4015- MF,    Evaluation of the PTEN and circRNA-CDR1as Gene Expression Changes in Gastric Cancer and Normal Cell Lines Following the Exposure to Weak and Moderate 50 Hz Electromagnetic Fields
- in-vitro, GC, AGS - in-vitro, Nor, HU02
*PTEN↑, PTEN↓, Dose↝,
4355- MF,    Ambient and supplemental magnetic fields promote myogenesis via a TRPC1-mitochondrial axis: evidence of a magnetic mitohormetic mechanism
- in-vitro, Nor, C2C12
*mt-OCR↑, *mt-ROS↑, *ECAR↑, *Dose↝, *Ca+2↑, *ATP↑, *other↑, *eff↓, *eff↝,
4354- MF,  doxoR,    Modulated TRPC1 Expression Predicts Sensitivity of Breast Cancer to Doxorubicin and Magnetic Field Therapy: Segue Towards a Precision Medicine Approach
- in-vivo, BC, MDA-MB-231 - in-vivo, BC, MCF-7
selectivity↑, Apoptosis↑, TumCI↓, tumCV↓, TumVol↓, eff↓, eff↑, ROS↑, Ca+2↑, TumCMig↓,
4353- MF,  Chemo,    Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Enhances Doxorubicin-induced Reduction in the Viability of MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells
- in-vitro, BC, MCF-7
TumCCA↑, Apoptosis↑, eff↑, TumCCA↑, Casp↝, p‑CDK2↓, cycE/CCNE↓, Fas↑, BAX↑, survivin↓, Mcl-1↓, cl‑PARP↑, cl‑Casp7↑, cl‑Casp8↑, cl‑Casp9↑,
4352- MF,    Differences in lethality between cancer cells and human lymphocytes caused by LF-electromagnetic fields
- in-vitro, lymphoma, K562 - NA, NA, U937 - NA, NA, HL-60
Apoptosis↑, eff↑,
4351- MF,    Inhibition of proliferation of human lymphoma cells U937 by a 50 Hz electromagnetic field
- in-vitro, lymphoma, NA
Apoptosis↑,
4349- MF,    Long-term effect of full-body pulsed electromagnetic field and exercise protocol in the treatment of men with osteopenia or osteoporosis: A randomized placebo-controlled trial
- Trial, ostP, NA
*BMD↑, *Pain↓, *QoL↑, *toxicity↓, *Dose↝, *Inflam↓,
4348- MF,    Pulsed electromagnetic field attenuates bone fragility in estrogen-deficient osteoporosis in rats
- in-vivo, ostP, NA
*BMD↑,
4150- MF,    Enhanced effect of combining bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) and pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) to promote recovery after spinal cord injury in mice
- in-vitro, NA, NA
*BDNF↑, *VEGF↑,
4149- MF,    Pulsed Electro-Magnetic Field (PEMF) Effect on Bone Healing in Animal Models: A Review of Its Efficacy Related to Different Type of Damage
- Review, NA, NA
*other↑, *BDNF↑, *BMPs↑, *BMD↑,
4148- MF,    Increase in Blood Levels of Growth Factors Involved in the Neuroplasticity Process by Using an Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Field in Post-stroke Patients
- Human, Stroke, NA
*neuroP↑, *BDNF↑, *Dose↝,
4147- MF,    PEMFs Restore Mitochondrial and CREB/BDNF Signaling in Oxidatively Stressed PC12 Cells Targeting Neurodegeneration
- in-vitro, AD, PC12
*ROS↓, *Catalase↑, *MMP↑, *Casp3↓, *p‑ERK↓, *cAMP↑, *p‑CREB↑, *BDNF↑, *neuroP↑,
3483- MF,    Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields Protect Against Brain Ischemia by Modulating the Astrocytic Cholinergic Anti-inflammatory Pathway
- NA, Stroke, NA
*Inflam↓, *STAT3↓, *p‑STAT3↓,
3566- MF,    Positive and Negative Effects of Administering a Magnetic Field to Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
- Study, Arthritis, NA
*Inflam↓, *QoL↑, *Pain↓, *motorD↑, *toxicity↓, *Cartilage↑, *Inflam↓,
3536- MF,    Targeting Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/Pericytes (MSCs) With Pulsed Electromagnetic Field (PEMF) Has the Potential to Treat Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Review, Arthritis, NA - Review, Stroke, NA
*Inflam↓, *Diff↑, *toxicity∅, *other↑, *SOX9↑, *COL2A1↑, *NO↓, *PGE2↓, *NF-kB↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL1β↓, *IL6↓, *IL10↑, *angioG↑, *MSCs↑, *VEGF↑, *TGF-β↑, *angioG↝, *VEGF↓, Ca+2↝,
3501- MF,    Unveiling the Power of Magnetic-Driven Regenerative Medicine: Bone Regeneration and Functional Reconstruction
- Review, NA, NA
*VEGF↑, *BMPs↓, *SMAD4↑, *SMAD5↑, *Ca+2↑,
3474- MF,    Pulsed electromagnetic fields potentiate the paracrine function of mesenchymal stem cells for cartilage regeneration
- in-vitro, Nor, NA
*Inflam↓, *Apoptosis↓, *other↑, *PGE2↓, *COX2↓, *IL6↓, *IL8↓, *cAMP↑, *IL10↑,
3498- MF,    Effect of Static Magnetic Field on Oxidant/Antioxidant Parameters in Cancerous and Noncancerous Human Gastric Tissues
- in-vitro, GC, NA
*SOD↑, *MDA↓, SOD↓, GPx↓, MDA↑, Catalase↑,
3487- MF,  Rad,    High-specificity protection against radiation-induced bone loss by a pulsed electromagnetic field
- Review, Var, NA
radioP↑, *Ca+2↑, RAS↑, MAPK↓,
3486- MF,    Pulsed electromagnetic field potentiates etoposide-induced MCF-7 cell death
- in-vitro, NA, NA
ChemoSen↑, tumCV↓, cl‑PARP↑, Casp7↑, Casp9↑, survivin↓, BAX↑, DNAdam↑, ROS↑, eff↓,
3485- MF,    Cytoprotective effects of low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic field against oxidative stress in glioblastoma cells
- in-vitro, GBM, U87MG
*antiOx↑, *ROS↓, *cytoP↑,
3484- MF,    Extremely low frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields cause antioxidative defense mechanisms in human osteoblasts via induction of •O2 − and H2O2
- in-vitro, Nor, NA
*GPx↑, *SOD2↑, *Catalase↑, *GSR↑, *ROS↓,
3500- MF,    Moderate Static Magnet Fields Suppress Ovarian Cancer Metastasis via ROS-Mediated Oxidative Stress
- in-vitro, Ovarian, SKOV3
ROS↑, CSCs↓, CD44↓, SOX2↓, cMyc↓, TumMeta↓, TumCI↓, TumCMig↓, CD133↓, Nanog↓,
3482- MF,    Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields Increase Angiogenesis and Improve Cardiac Function After Myocardial Ischemia in Mice
- in-vitro, NA, NA
*cardioP↑, *VEGF↑, *VEGFR2↑, *Hif1a↑, *FGF↑, *ITGB1↑, *angioG↑,
3481- MF,    No effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields on expression of cell adhesion molecules (integrin, CD44) and matrix metalloproteinase-2/9 in osteosarcoma cell lines
- in-vitro, OS, MG63 - in-vitro, OS, SaOS2
ITGA1∅, ITGB1∅, ITGA5∅, ITGB3∅, ITGB4∅, MMP2∅, MMP9∅, eff↑,
3480- MF,    Cellular and Molecular Effects of Magnetic Fields
- Review, NA, NA
ROS↑, *Ca+2↑, *Inflam↓, *Akt↓, *mTOR↓, selectivity↑, *memory↑, *MMPs↑, *VEGF↑, *FGF↑, *PDGF↑, *TNF-α↑, *HGF/c-Met↑, *IL1↑,
3479- MF,    Evaluation of Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Effects: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Highlights of Two Decades of Research In Vitro Studies
- Review, NA, NA
*eff↓, eff↝, *Hif1a↑, *VEGF↑, *TIMP1↑, *E2Fs↑, *MMP2↑, *MMP9↑, Apoptosis↑,
3478- MF,    One Month of Brief Weekly Magnetic Field Therapy Enhances the Anticancer Potential of Female Human Sera: Randomized Double-Blind Pilot Study
- Trial, BC, NA - in-vitro, BC, MCF-7 - in-vitro, Nor, C2C12
TumCP↓, TumCMig↓, TumCI↓, *toxicity∅, TGF-β↓, Twist↓, Slug↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, Vim↓, p‑SMAD2↓, p‑SMAD3↓, angioG↓, VEGF↓, selectivity↑, LIF↑,
3477- MF,    Electromagnetic fields regulate calcium-mediated cell fate of stem cells: osteogenesis, chondrogenesis and apoptosis
- Review, NA, NA
*Ca+2↑, *VEGF↑, *angioG↑, Ca+2↑, ROS↑, Necroptosis↑, TumCCA↑, Apoptosis↑, *ATP↑, *FAK↑, *Wnt↑, *β-catenin/ZEB1↑, *ROS↑, p38↑, MAPK↑, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, CSCs↓, TumCP↓, ROS↑, RadioS↑, Ca+2↑, eff↓, NO↑,
3476- MF,    Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields Stimulate HIF-1α-Independent VEGF Release in 1321N1 Human Astrocytes Protecting Neuron-like SH-SY5Y Cells from Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation
- in-vitro, Stroke, 1321N1 - in-vitro, Park, NA
*VEGF↑, *eff↑, *neuroP↑, *other↑, *eff↑, *Inflam↓, *Hif1a∅,
3475- MF,    A Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Protects against Glutamate-Induced Excitotoxicity by Modulating the Endocannabinoid System in HT22 Cells
- in-vitro, Nor, HT22 - Review, AD, NA
*Apoptosis↓, *LDH↓, *neuroP↑, *toxicity∅, *IL1β↓, *Inflam↓, *IL10↑, *TNF-α↓,
3568- MF,    The Efficacy of Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields on Pain, Stiffness, and Physical Function in Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
- Review, Arthritis, NA
*eff↑, *Pain↓, *motorD↑,
3942- MF,    Chronic-Exposure Low-Frequency Magnetic Fields (Magnetotherapy and Magnetic Stimulation) Influence Serum Serotonin Concentrations in Patients with Low Back Pain-Clinical Observation Study
- Human, AD, NA
*5HT↑,
3746- MF,    Low-Frequency Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Is Able to Modulate miRNAs in an Experimental Cell Model of Alzheimer's Disease
- in-vitro, AD, NA
*cognitive↑, *memory↑, *BACE↓,
3744- MF,    Cognitive improvement via a modulated rhythmic pulsed magnetic field in D-galactose-induced accelerated aging mice
- in-vivo, AD, NA
*cognitive↑, *memory↑,
3742- MF,    The role of magnetic fields in neurodegenerative diseases
- Review, AD, NA - Review, Park, NA
cognitive↑,
3741- MF,    Promising application of Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields (PEMFs) in musculoskeletal disorders
- Review, NA, NA
*eff↑, *BMD↑, *Inflam↓, *PGE2↓, *IL6↓, *IL8↓, *NF-kB↓, *mTOR↝,
3740- MF,    Gamma rhythm low field magnetic stimulation alleviates neuropathologic changes and rescues memory and cognitive impairments in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease
- in-vivo, AD, NA
*cognitive↑, *Dose↝, *Aβ↓, *PSD95↑,
3739- MF,    Early intervention using long-term rhythmic pulsed magnetic stimulation alleviates cognitive decline in a 5xFAD mouse model of Alzheimer's disease
- in-vivo, AD, NA
*memory↑, *cognitive↑, *Aβ↓, *FGF↑,
3737- MF,    The Effect of Time-Dependence of 10 Hz Electromagnetic Field on Spatial Learning and Memory in Rats
- in-vivo, AD, NA
*memory↑, *BDNF↑, *BBB↑,
3735- MF,    Examining the effects of extremely low-frequency magnetic fields on cognitive functions and functional brain markers in aged mice
- in-vivo, AD, NA
*APP∅, *Aβ∅, *Inflam∅, *memory∅,
3734- MF,    Extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields promote cognitive function and hippocampal neurogenesis of rats with cerebral ischemia
- in-vivo, AD, NA
*cognitive↑, *NOTCH1↑,
3728- MF,    Long-term exposure to ELF-MF ameliorates cognitive deficits and attenuates tau hyperphosphorylation in 3xTg AD mice
- in-vivo, AD, NA
*cognitive↑, *neuroP↑, *Apoptosis↓, *ROS↓, *p‑tau↓, *GSK‐3β↓, *CDK5↓,
3727- MF,    RKIP-Mediated NF-κB Signaling is involved in ELF-MF-mediated improvement in AD rat
- in-vivo, AD, NA
*cognitive↑, *RKIP↑, *p‑IKKα↓,
3569- MF,    Current Evidence Using Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields in Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review
- Review, Arthritis, NA
*Pain↓, *QoL↑, *motorD↑,
3724- MF,  RF,    Electromagnetic Field in Alzheimer's Disease: A Literature Review of Recent Preclinical and Clinical Studies
- Review, AD, NA
*memory↑, *neuroP↑,
3725- MF,    Short-term effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields exposure on Alzheimer's disease in rats
- in-vivo, AD, NA
*Weight∅, *memory∅, *cognitive∅, *Aβ∅,
3726- MF,    Spatial memory recovery in Alzheimer's rat model by electromagnetic field exposure
- in-vivo, AD, NA
*memory↑, *cognitive↑,
3497- MFrot,  MF,    The Effect of a Rotating Magnetic Field on the Regenerative Potential of Platelets
- Human, Nor, NA
*PDGFR-BB↑, *TGF-β↑, *IGF-1↑, *FGF↑, *angioG↑, *Inflam↓, *ROS↓,

Showing Research Papers: 151 to 200 of 262
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* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 262

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

Catalase↑, 1,   GPx↓, 1,   MDA↑, 1,   ROS↑, 6,   SOD↓, 1,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

cMyc↓, 1,  

Cell Death ⓘ

Apoptosis↑, 6,   BAX↑, 2,   Casp↝, 1,   Casp7↑, 1,   cl‑Casp7↑, 1,   cl‑Casp8↑, 1,   Casp9↑, 1,   cl‑Casp9↑, 1,   Fas↑, 1,   MAPK↓, 1,   MAPK↑, 1,   Mcl-1↓, 1,   Necroptosis↑, 1,   p38↑, 1,   survivin↓, 2,  

Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ

tumCV↓, 2,  

DNA Damage & Repair ⓘ

DNAdam↑, 1,   cl‑PARP↑, 2,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence ⓘ

p‑CDK2↓, 1,   cycE/CCNE↓, 1,   TumCCA↑, 3,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

CD133↓, 1,   CD44↓, 1,   CSCs↓, 2,   Nanog↓, 1,   PTEN↓, 1,   RAS↑, 1,   SOX2↓, 1,  

Migration ⓘ

Ca+2↑, 3,   Ca+2↝, 1,   ITGA1∅, 1,   ITGA5∅, 1,   ITGB1∅, 1,   ITGB3∅, 1,   ITGB4∅, 1,   MMP2∅, 1,   MMP9∅, 1,   Slug↓, 1,   p‑SMAD2↓, 1,   p‑SMAD3↓, 1,   TGF-β↓, 1,   TRPC1↑, 1,   TumCI↓, 3,   TumCMig↓, 3,   TumCP↓, 2,   TumMeta↓, 1,   Twist↓, 1,   Vim↓, 1,   β-catenin/ZEB1↓, 2,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

angioG↓, 1,   NO↑, 1,   VEGF↓, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

LIF↑, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

ChemoSen↑, 2,   Dose↓, 1,   Dose↝, 1,   eff↓, 3,   eff↑, 4,   eff↝, 1,   RadioS↑, 1,   selectivity↑, 4,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

cognitive↑, 1,   radioP↑, 1,   TumVol↓, 1,  
Total Targets: 70

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

antiOx↑, 1,   Catalase↑, 2,   GPx↑, 1,   GSR↑, 1,   MDA↓, 1,   ROS↓, 5,   ROS↑, 1,   mt-ROS↑, 1,   SOD↑, 1,   SOD2↑, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ

ATP↑, 2,   MMP↑, 1,   mt-OCR↑, 1,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

cAMP↑, 2,   p‑CREB↑, 1,   ECAR↑, 1,   LDH↓, 1,  

Cell Death ⓘ

Akt↓, 1,   Apoptosis↓, 3,   Casp3↓, 1,   HGF/c-Met↑, 1,   RKIP↑, 1,  

Kinase & Signal Transduction ⓘ

SOX9↑, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ

other↑, 5,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence ⓘ

E2Fs↑, 1,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

Diff↑, 1,   p‑ERK↓, 1,   FGF↑, 4,   GSK‐3β↓, 1,   IGF-1↑, 1,   MSCs↑, 1,   mTOR↓, 1,   mTOR↝, 1,   NOTCH1↑, 1,   PTEN↑, 1,   STAT3↓, 1,   p‑STAT3↓, 1,   Wnt↑, 1,  

Migration ⓘ

APP∅, 1,   Ca+2↑, 5,   Cartilage↑, 1,   CDK5↓, 1,   COL2A1↑, 1,   FAK↑, 1,   ITGB1↑, 1,   MMP2↑, 1,   MMP9↑, 1,   MMPs↑, 1,   PDGF↑, 1,   SMAD4↑, 1,   SMAD5↑, 1,   TGF-β↑, 2,   TIMP1↑, 1,   β-catenin/ZEB1↑, 1,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

angioG↑, 4,   angioG↝, 1,   Hif1a↑, 2,   Hif1a∅, 1,   NO↓, 1,   PDGFR-BB↑, 1,   VEGF↓, 1,   VEGF↑, 8,   VEGFR2↑, 1,  

Barriers & Transport ⓘ

BBB↑, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

COX2↓, 1,   p‑IKKα↓, 1,   IL1↑, 1,   IL10↑, 3,   IL1β↓, 2,   IL6↓, 3,   IL8↓, 2,   Inflam↓, 11,   Inflam∅, 1,   NF-kB↓, 2,   PGE2↓, 3,   TNF-α↓, 2,   TNF-α↑, 1,  

Synaptic & Neurotransmission ⓘ

5HT↑, 1,   BDNF↑, 5,   PSD95↑, 1,   p‑tau↓, 1,  

Protein Aggregation ⓘ

Aβ↓, 2,   Aβ∅, 2,   BACE↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

Dose↝, 4,   eff↓, 2,   eff↑, 4,   eff↝, 1,  

Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ

BMD↑, 4,   BMPs↓, 1,   BMPs↑, 1,   IL6↓, 3,   LDH↓, 1,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

cardioP↑, 1,   cognitive↑, 8,   cognitive∅, 1,   cytoP↑, 1,   memory↑, 7,   memory∅, 2,   motorD↑, 3,   neuroP↑, 6,   Pain↓, 4,   QoL↑, 3,   toxicity↓, 2,   toxicity∅, 3,   Weight∅, 1,  
Total Targets: 106

Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:%  prod#:172  Target#:%  State#:%  Dir#:%
  wNotes=0  sortOrder:rid,rpid

 

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