Quercetin / iNOS Cancer Research Results

QC, Quercetin: Click to Expand ⟱
Features:
Plant pigment (flavonoid) found in red wine, onions, green tea, apples and berries.
Quercetin is thought to contribute to anticancer effects through several mechanisms:
-Antioxidant Activity:
-Induction of Apoptosis:modify Bax:Bcl-2 ratio
-Anti-inflammatory Effects:
-Cell Cycle Arrest:
-Inhibition of Angiogenesis and Metastasis: (VEGF)

Cellular Pathways:
-PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway: central to cell proliferation, survival, and metabolism.
-MAPK/ERK Pathway: influencing cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis.
-NF-κB Pathway: downregulate NF-κB
-JAK/STAT Pathway: interfere with the activation of STAT3
-Apoptotic Pathways: intrinsic (mitochondrial) and extrinsic (death receptor-mediated) pathways

Quercetin has been used at doses around 500–1000 mg per day
Quercetin’s bioavailability from foods or standard supplements can be low.

-Note half-life 11 to 28 hours.
BioAv low 1-10%, poor water-solubility, consuming with fat may improve bioavialability. also piperine or VitC.
Pathways:
- induce ROS production in cancer cells (higher dose). Typicallys Lowers ROS in normal cells(unless it is high dose?)or depends on Redox status?. "quercetin paradox"
- ROS↑ related: MMP↓(ΔΨm), ER Stress↑, UPR↑, GRP78↑, Ca+2↑, Cyt‑c↑, Caspases↑, DNA damage↑, cl-PARP↑, HSP↓, Prx,
- Confusing info about Lowering AntiOxidant defense in Cancer Cells: NRF2↓(some contrary), TrxR↓**, SOD↓(contrary), GSH↓ Catalase↓(contrary), HO1↓(some contrary), GPx↓(some contrary)
- Raises AntiOxidant defense in Normal Cells: ROS↓, NRF2↑, SOD↑, GSH↑, Catalase↑,
- lowers Inflammation : NF-kB↓, COX2↓, p38↓, Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines : NLRP3↓, IL-1β↓, TNF-α↓, IL-6↓, IL-8↓
- inhibit Growth/Metastases : TumMeta↓, TumCG↓, EMT↓, MMPs↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, TIMP2, IGF-1↓, uPA↓, VEGF↓, ROCK1↓, FAK↓, NF-κB↓, CXCR4↓, SDF1↓, TGF-β↓, α-SMA↓, ERK↓
- reactivate genes thereby inhibiting cancer cell growth : HDAC↓, DNMTs↓, EZH2↓, P53↑, HSP↓, Sp proteins↓, TET↑
- cause Cell cycle arrest : TumCCA↑, cyclin D1↓, cyclin E↓, CDK2↓, CDK4↓, CDK6↓,
- inhibits Migration/Invasion : TumCMig↓, TumCI↓, TNF-α↓, FAK↓, ERK↓, EMT↓, TOP1↓, TET1,
- inhibits glycolysis and ATP depletion : HIF-1α↓, PKM2↓, cMyc↓, GLUT1↓, LDH↓, LDHA↓, HK2↓, PFKs↓, PDKs↓, ECAR↓, OXPHOS↓, GRP78↑, GlucoseCon↓
- inhibits angiogenesis↓ : VEGF↓, HIF-1α↓, Notch↓, FGF↓, PDGF↓, EGFR↓,
- some indication of inhibiting Cancer Stem Cells : CSC↓, CK2↓, Hh↓, CD24↓, β-catenin↓, Notch2↓,
- Others: PI3K↓, AKT↓, JAK↓, STAT↓, Wnt↓, β-catenin↓, AMPK, α↓, ERK↓, JNK, - SREBP (related to cholesterol).
- Synergies: chemo-sensitization, chemoProtective, RadioSensitizer, RadioProtective, Others(review target notes), Neuroprotective, Cognitive, Renoprotection, Hepatoprotective, CardioProtective,

- Selectivity: Cancer Cells vs Normal Cells

Rank Pathway / Axis Cancer Cells Normal Cells Label Primary Interpretation Notes
1 Reactive oxygen species (ROS) ↑ ROS (dose-, metal-, context-dependent) ↓ ROS Conditional Driver Biphasic redox modulation Quercetin exhibits pro-oxidant behavior in cancer cells while protecting normal cells
2 Mitochondrial integrity / intrinsic apoptosis ↓ ΔΨm; ↑ caspase activation ↔ preserved Driver Execution of intrinsic apoptosis Mitochondrial dysfunction is a central apoptosis route in cancer cells
3 PI3K → AKT → mTOR axis ↓ AKT / ↓ mTOR ↔ adaptive suppression Driver Growth and survival inhibition AKT/mTOR suppression is a consistently reported upstream effect in cancer models
4 NF-κB signaling ↓ NF-κB activation ↓ inflammatory NF-κB tone Secondary Reduced survival and inflammatory transcription NF-κB inhibition contributes to chemosensitization and apoptosis susceptibility
5 MAPK signaling (JNK / p38) ↑ JNK / ↑ p38 ↔ minimal Secondary Stress-mediated apoptosis signaling MAPK activation supports apoptosis downstream of redox stress
6 Cell cycle regulation ↑ G1/S or G2/M arrest ↔ largely spared Phenotypic Cytostatic growth control Cell-cycle arrest reflects disruption of growth signaling
7 HIF-1α hypoxia signaling ↓ HIF-1α ↔ minimal Secondary Reduced hypoxia tolerance Quercetin interferes with hypoxia-driven transcriptional programs
8 NRF2 antioxidant response ↑ NRF2 (adaptive, context-dependent) ↑ NRF2 (protective) Adaptive Stress compensation NRF2 induction reflects redox buffering rather than primary cytotoxicity


iNOS, Inducible nitric oxide synthase: Click to Expand ⟱
Source: HalifaxProj(block)
Type:
An enzyme that produces nitric oxide (NO) in response to inflammatory stimuli.
iNOS can promote tumor growth by enhancing blood flow and nutrient supply to tumors through vasodilation. It may also help cancer cells evade apoptosis (programmed cell death).
Immune Activation: In some contexts, NO produced by iNOS can enhance the immune response against tumors, promoting the activation of immune cells that can target and destroy cancer cells.
Inhibition of Tumor Growth: High levels of NO can induce cytotoxic effects on tumor cells, leading to reduced proliferation and increased apoptosis.
Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
3338- QC,    Quercetin: Its Antioxidant Mechanism, Antibacterial Properties and Potential Application in Prevention and Control of Toxipathy
- Review, Var, NA - Review, Stroke, NA
*antiOx↑, *GSH↑, *ROS↓, *Dose↑, *NADPH↓, *AMP↓, *NF-kB↓, *p38↑, *MAPK↑, *SOD↑, *MDA↓, *iNOS↓, *Catalase↑, *PI3K↑, *Akt↑, *lipid-P↓, *memory↑, *radioP↑, *neuroP↑, *MDA↓,
3336- QC,    Neuroprotective Effects of Quercetin in Alzheimer’s Disease
- Review, AD, NA
*neuroP↑, *lipid-P↓, *antiOx↑, *Aβ↓, *Inflam↓, *BBB↝, *NF-kB↓, *iNOS↓, *memory↑, *cognitive↑, *AChE↓, *MMP↑, *ROS↓, *ATP↑, *AMPK↑, *NADPH↓, *p‑tau↓,
2338- QC,    Quercetin: A Flavonoid with Potential for Treating Acute Lung Injury
- Review, Nor, NA
*SIRT1↑, *NLRP3↓, *Inflam↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL1β↓, *IL6↓, *PKM2↓, *HO-1↑, *ROS↓, *NO↓, *MDA↓, *antiOx↑, *COX2↓, *HMGB1↓, *iNOS↓, *NF-kB↓,
923- QC,    Quercetin as an innovative therapeutic tool for cancer chemoprevention: Molecular mechanisms and implications in human health
- Review, Var, NA
ROS↑, GSH↓, Ca+2↝, MMP↓, Casp3↑, Casp8↑, Casp9↑, other↓, *ROS↓, *NRF2↑, HO-1↑, TumCCA↑, Inflam↓, STAT3↓, DR5↑, P450↓, MMPs↓, IFN-γ↓, IL6↓, COX2↓, IL8↓, iNOS↓, TNF-α↓, cl‑PARP↑, Apoptosis↑, P53↑, Sp1/3/4↓, survivin↓, TRAILR↑, Casp10↑, DFF45↑, TNFR 1↑, Fas↑, NF-kB↓, IKKα↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, Bcl-2↓, BAX↑, PI3K↓, Akt↓, E-cadherin↓, Vim↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, cMyc↓, EMT↓, MMP2↓, NOTCH1↓, MMP7↓, angioG↓, TSP-1↑, CSCs↓, XIAP↓, Snail↓, Slug↓, LEF1↓, P-gp↓, EGFR↓, GSK‐3β↓, mTOR↓, RAGE↓, HSP27↓, VEGF↓, TGF-β↓, COL1↓, COL3A1↓,
39- QC,    A Comprehensive Analysis and Anti-Cancer Activities of Quercetin in ROS-Mediated Cancer and Cancer Stem Cells
- Analysis, NA, NA
ROS↑, GSH↓, IL6↓, COX2↓, IL8↓, iNOS↓, TNF-α↓, MAPK↑, ERK↑, SOD↑, ATP↓, Casp↑, PI3K/Akt↓, mTOR↓, NOTCH1↓, Bcl-2↓, BAX↑, IFN-γ↓, TumCP↓, TumCCA↑, Akt↓, P70S6K↓, *Keap1↓, *GPx↑, *Catalase↑, *HO-1↑, *NRF2↑, NRF2↑, eff↑, HIF-1↓,
3602- QC,    The flavonoid quercetin ameliorates Alzheimer's disease pathology and protects cognitive and emotional function in aged triple transgenic Alzheimer's disease model mice
- in-vivo, AD, NA
*BACE↓, *cognitive↑, *ROS↓, *lipid-P↓, *iNOS↓, *COX2↓, *BBB↑, *neuroP↑, *other↓, *memory↑,
3372- QC,  FIS,  KaempF,    Anticancer Potential of Selected Flavonols: Fisetin, Kaempferol, and Quercetin on Head and Neck Cancers
- Review, HNSCC, NA
ROCK1↑, TumCCA↓, HSPs↓, RAS↓, ROS↑, Ca+2↑, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑, Endon↑, MMP9↓, MMP2↓, MMP7↓, MMP-10↓, VEGF↓, NF-kB↓, p65↓, iNOS↓, COX2↓, uPA↓, PI3K↓, FAK↓, MEK↓, ERK↓, JNK↓, p38↓, cJun↓, FOXO3↑,
3368- QC,    The potential anti-cancer effects of quercetin on blood, prostate and lung cancers: An update
- Review, Var, NA
*Inflam↓, *antiOx↑, *AntiCan↑, Casp3↓, p‑Akt↓, p‑mTOR↓, p‑ERK↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, Hif1a↓, AntiAg↓, VEGFR2↓, EMT↓, EGFR↓, MMP2↓, MMP↓, TumMeta↓, MMPs↓, Akt↓, Snail↓, N-cadherin↓, Vim↓, E-cadherin↑, STAT3↓, TGF-β↓, ROS↓, P53↑, BAX↑, PKCδ↓, PI3K↓, COX2↓, cFLIP↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, cMyc↓, IL6↓, IL10↓, Cyt‑c↑, TumCCA↑, DNMTs↓, HDAC↓, ac‑H3↑, ac‑H4↑, Diablo↑, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, PARP1↑, eff↑, PTEN↑, VEGF↓, NO↓, iNOS↓, ChemoSen↑, eff↑, eff↑, eff↑, uPA↓, CXCR4↓, CXCL12↓, CLDN2↓, CDK6↓, MMP9↓, TSP-1↑, Ki-67↓, PCNA↓, ROS↑, ER Stress↑,
3361- QC,    Quercetin ameliorates testosterone secretion disorder by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress through the miR-1306-5p/HSD17B7 axis in diabetic rats
- in-vivo, Nor, NA - in-vitro, NA, NA
*BG↓, *ROS↓, *SOD↑, *MDA↓, *ER Stress↓, *iNOS↓, *CHOP↓, *GRP78/BiP↓, *antiOx↓, *Inflam↓, *JAK2↑, *STAT3?,

Showing Research Papers: 1 to 9 of 9

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 9

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

GSH↓, 2,   HO-1↑, 1,   NRF2↑, 1,   ROS↓, 1,   ROS↑, 4,   SOD↑, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ

ATP↓, 1,   MEK↓, 1,   MMP↓, 3,   XIAP↓, 1,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

cMyc↓, 2,   PI3K/Akt↓, 1,  

Cell Death ⓘ

Akt↓, 3,   p‑Akt↓, 1,   Apoptosis↑, 1,   BAX↑, 3,   Bcl-2↓, 2,   Casp↑, 1,   Casp10↑, 1,   Casp3↓, 1,   Casp3↑, 2,   Casp8↑, 1,   Casp9↑, 2,   cFLIP↓, 1,   Cyt‑c↑, 2,   Diablo↑, 1,   DR5↑, 1,   Endon↑, 1,   Fas↑, 1,   iNOS↓, 4,   JNK↓, 1,   MAPK↑, 1,   p38↓, 1,   survivin↓, 1,   TNFR 1↑, 1,   TRAILR↑, 1,  

Kinase & Signal Transduction ⓘ

Sp1/3/4↓, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ

cJun↓, 1,   ac‑H3↑, 1,   ac‑H4↑, 1,   other↓, 1,  

Protein Folding & ER Stress ⓘ

ER Stress↑, 1,   HSP27↓, 1,   HSPs↓, 1,  

DNA Damage & Repair ⓘ

DFF45↑, 1,   DNMTs↓, 1,   P53↑, 2,   cl‑PARP↑, 1,   PARP1↑, 1,   PCNA↓, 1,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence ⓘ

cycD1/CCND1↓, 2,   TumCCA↓, 1,   TumCCA↑, 3,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

CSCs↓, 1,   EMT↓, 2,   ERK↓, 1,   ERK↑, 1,   p‑ERK↓, 1,   FOXO3↑, 1,   GSK‐3β↓, 1,   HDAC↓, 1,   mTOR↓, 2,   p‑mTOR↓, 1,   NOTCH1↓, 2,   P70S6K↓, 1,   PI3K↓, 3,   PTEN↑, 1,   RAS↓, 1,   STAT3↓, 2,  

Migration ⓘ

AntiAg↓, 1,   Ca+2↑, 1,   Ca+2↝, 1,   CLDN2↓, 1,   COL1↓, 1,   COL3A1↓, 1,   CXCL12↓, 1,   E-cadherin↓, 1,   E-cadherin↑, 1,   FAK↓, 1,   Ki-67↓, 1,   LEF1↓, 1,   MMP-10↓, 1,   MMP2↓, 3,   MMP7↓, 2,   MMP9↓, 2,   MMPs↓, 2,   N-cadherin↓, 1,   PKCδ↓, 1,   RAGE↓, 1,   ROCK1↑, 1,   Slug↓, 1,   Snail↓, 2,   TGF-β↓, 2,   TSP-1↑, 2,   TumCP↓, 1,   TumMeta↓, 1,   uPA↓, 2,   Vim↓, 2,   β-catenin/ZEB1↓, 2,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

angioG↓, 1,   EGFR↓, 2,   HIF-1↓, 1,   Hif1a↓, 1,   NO↓, 1,   VEGF↓, 3,   VEGFR2↓, 1,  

Barriers & Transport ⓘ

P-gp↓, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

COX2↓, 4,   CXCR4↓, 1,   IFN-γ↓, 2,   IKKα↓, 1,   IL10↓, 1,   IL6↓, 3,   IL8↓, 2,   Inflam↓, 1,   NF-kB↓, 2,   p65↓, 1,   TNF-α↓, 2,  

Hormonal & Nuclear Receptors ⓘ

CDK6↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

ChemoSen↑, 1,   eff↑, 5,   P450↓, 1,  

Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ

EGFR↓, 2,   IL6↓, 3,   Ki-67↓, 1,   RAGE↓, 1,  
Total Targets: 126

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

antiOx↓, 1,   antiOx↑, 4,   Catalase↑, 2,   GPx↑, 1,   GSH↑, 1,   HO-1↑, 2,   Keap1↓, 1,   lipid-P↓, 3,   MDA↓, 4,   NRF2↑, 2,   ROS↓, 6,   SOD↑, 2,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ

ATP↑, 1,   MMP↑, 1,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

AMP↓, 1,   AMPK↑, 1,   NADPH↓, 2,   PKM2↓, 1,   SIRT1↑, 1,  

Cell Death ⓘ

Akt↑, 1,   iNOS↓, 5,   MAPK↑, 1,   p38↑, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ

other↓, 1,  

Protein Folding & ER Stress ⓘ

CHOP↓, 1,   ER Stress↓, 1,   GRP78/BiP↓, 1,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

PI3K↑, 1,   STAT3?, 1,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

NO↓, 1,  

Barriers & Transport ⓘ

BBB↑, 1,   BBB↝, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

COX2↓, 2,   HMGB1↓, 1,   IL1β↓, 1,   IL6↓, 1,   Inflam↓, 4,   JAK2↑, 1,   NF-kB↓, 3,   TNF-α↓, 1,  

Synaptic & Neurotransmission ⓘ

AChE↓, 1,   p‑tau↓, 1,  

Protein Aggregation ⓘ

Aβ↓, 1,   BACE↓, 1,   NLRP3↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

Dose↑, 1,  

Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ

BG↓, 1,   IL6↓, 1,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

AntiCan↑, 1,   cognitive↑, 2,   memory↑, 3,   neuroP↑, 3,   radioP↑, 1,  
Total Targets: 53

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: iNOS, Inducible nitric oxide synthase
9 Quercetin
1 Fisetin
1 Kaempferol
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:%  prod#:140  Target#:159  State#:%  Dir#:%
  wNotes=0  sortOrder:rid,rpid

 

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