condition found tbRes List
QC, Quercetin: Click to Expand ⟱
Features:
Plant pigment (flavonoid) found in red wine, onions, green tea, apples and berries.
Quercetin is thought to contribute to anticancer effects through several mechanisms:
-Antioxidant Activity:
-Induction of Apoptosis:modify Bax:Bcl-2 ratio
-Anti-inflammatory Effects:
-Cell Cycle Arrest:
-Inhibition of Angiogenesis and Metastasis: (VEGF)

Cellular Pathways:
-PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway: central to cell proliferation, survival, and metabolism.
-MAPK/ERK Pathway: influencing cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis.
-NF-κB Pathway: downregulate NF-κB
-JAK/STAT Pathway: interfere with the activation of STAT3
-Apoptotic Pathways: intrinsic (mitochondrial) and extrinsic (death receptor-mediated) pathways

Quercetin has been used at doses around 500–1000 mg per day
Quercetin’s bioavailability from foods or standard supplements can be low.

-Note half-life 11 to 28 hours.
BioAv low 1-10%, poor water-solubility, consuming with fat may improve bioavialability. also piperine or VitC.
Pathways:
- induce ROS production in cancer cells (higher dose). Typicallys Lowers ROS in normal cells(unless it is high dose?)or depends on Redox status?. "quercetin paradox"
- ROS↑ related: MMP↓(ΔΨm), ER Stress↑, UPR↑, GRP78↑, Ca+2↑, Cyt‑c↑, Caspases↑, DNA damage↑, cl-PARP↑, HSP↓, Prx,
- Confusing info about Lowering AntiOxidant defense in Cancer Cells: NRF2↓(some contrary), TrxR↓**, SOD↓(contrary), GSH↓ Catalase↓(contrary), HO1↓(some contrary), GPx↓(some contrary)
- Raises AntiOxidant defense in Normal Cells: ROS↓, NRF2↑, SOD↑, GSH↑, Catalase↑,
- lowers Inflammation : NF-kB↓, COX2↓, p38↓, Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines : NLRP3↓, IL-1β↓, TNF-α↓, IL-6↓, IL-8↓
- inhibit Growth/Metastases : TumMeta↓, TumCG↓, EMT↓, MMPs↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, TIMP2, IGF-1↓, uPA↓, VEGF↓, ROCK1↓, FAK↓, NF-κB↓, CXCR4↓, SDF1↓, TGF-β↓, α-SMA↓, ERK↓
- reactivate genes thereby inhibiting cancer cell growth : HDAC↓, DNMTs↓, EZH2↓, P53↑, HSP↓, Sp proteins↓, TET↑
- cause Cell cycle arrest : TumCCA↑, cyclin D1↓, cyclin E↓, CDK2↓, CDK4↓, CDK6↓,
- inhibits Migration/Invasion : TumCMig↓, TumCI↓, TNF-α↓, FAK↓, ERK↓, EMT↓, TOP1↓, TET1,
- inhibits glycolysis and ATP depletion : HIF-1α↓, PKM2↓, cMyc↓, GLUT1↓, LDH↓, LDHA↓, HK2↓, PFKs↓, PDKs↓, ECAR↓, OXPHOS↓, GRP78↑, GlucoseCon↓
- inhibits angiogenesis↓ : VEGF↓, HIF-1α↓, Notch↓, FGF↓, PDGF↓, EGFR↓,
- some indication of inhibiting Cancer Stem Cells : CSC↓, CK2↓, Hh↓, CD24↓, β-catenin↓, Notch2↓,
- Others: PI3K↓, AKT↓, JAK↓, STAT↓, Wnt↓, β-catenin↓, AMPK, α↓, ERK↓, JNK, - SREBP (related to cholesterol).
- Synergies: chemo-sensitization, chemoProtective, RadioSensitizer, RadioProtective, Others(review target notes), Neuroprotective, Cognitive, Renoprotection, Hepatoprotective, CardioProtective,

- Selectivity: Cancer Cells vs Normal Cells


PI3K, Phosphatidylinositide-3-Kinases: Click to Expand ⟱
Source: HalifaxProj(inhibit) CGL-CS
Type:
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PtdIns3K or PI3K) is a family of enzymes that play a crucial role in cell signaling pathways, particularly in the regulation of cell growth, survival, and metabolism. The PI3K pathway is one of the most frequently altered pathways in human cancer. Inhibition of the PI3K pathway has been explored as a therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. Several PI3K inhibitors have been developed and are currently being tested in clinical trials. These inhibitors can target specific components of the pathway, such as PI3K, AKT, or mTOR.

Class I phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)
Class III PtdIns3K
In contrast to the class III PtdIns3K as a positive regulator of autophagy, class I PI3K-AKT signaling has an opposing effect on the initiation of autophagy.

PI3K inhibitors include:
-Idelalisib , Copanlisib, Alpelisib
-LY294002?
-Wortmannin: potent PI3K inhibitor, has some associated toxicity.
-Quercetin:
-Curcumin
-Resveratrol
-Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG)
Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
916- QC,    Quercetin and cancer: new insights into its therapeutic effects on ovarian cancer cells
- Review, Ovarian, NA
COX2↓,
CRP↓,
ER Stress↑, Quercetin can result in stimulate the ER stress pathway that lead to the cause of cell death and apoptosis
Apoptosis↑,
GRP78/BiP↑,
CHOP↑,
p‑STAT3↓, quercetin suppresses STAT3 and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways
PI3K↓,
Akt↓,
mTOR↓,
cMyc↓, leading to downregulate the prosurvival cellular proteins expression, including cMyc, cyclin D1, and c-FLIP
cycD1↓,
cFLIP↓,
IL6↓, decreased the IL-6 and IL-10 release
IL10↓,

923- QC,    Quercetin as an innovative therapeutic tool for cancer chemoprevention: Molecular mechanisms and implications in human health
- Review, Var, NA
ROS↑, decided by the availability of intracellular reduced glutathione (GSH),
GSH↓, extended exposure with high concentration of quercetin causes a substantial decline in GSH levels
Ca+2↝,
MMP↓,
Casp3↑, activation of caspase-3, -8, and -9
Casp8↑,
Casp9↑,
other↓, when p53 is inhibited, cancer cells become vulnerable to quercetin-induced apoptosis
*ROS↓, Quercetin (QC), a plant-derived bioflavonoid, is known for its ROS scavenging properties and was recently discovered to have various antitumor properties in a variety of solid tumors.
*NRF2↑, Moreover, the therapeutic efficacy of QC has also been defined in rat models through the activation of Nrf-2/HO-1 against high glucose-induced damage
HO-1↑,
TumCCA↑, QC increases cell cycle arrest via regulating p21WAF1, cyclin B, and p27KIP1
Inflam↓, QC-mediated anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties play a key role in cancer prevention by modulating the TLR-2 (toll-like receptor-2) and JAK-2/STAT-3 pathways and significantly inhibit STAT-3 tyrosine phosphorylation within inflammatory ce
STAT3↓,
DR5↑, several studies showed that QC upregulated the death receptor (DR)
P450↓, it hinders the activity of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes in hepatocytes
MMPs↓, QC has also been shown to suppress metastatic protein expression such as MMPs (matrix metalloproteases)
IFN-γ↓, QC is its ability to inhibit inflammatory mediators including IFN-γ, IL-6, COX-2, IL-8, iNOS, TNF-α,
IL6↓,
COX2↓,
IL8↓,
iNOS↓,
TNF-α↓,
cl‑PARP↑, Induced caspase-8, caspase-9, and caspase-3 activation, PARP cleavage, mitochondrial membrane depolarization,
Apoptosis↑, increased apoptosis and p53 expression
P53↑,
Sp1/3/4↓, HT-29 colon cancer cells: decreased the expression of Sp1, Sp3, Sp4 mrna, and survivin,
survivin↓,
TRAILR↑, H460 Increased the expression of TRAILR, caspase-10, DFF45, TNFR 1, FAS, and decreased the expression of NF-κb, ikkα
Casp10↑,
DFF45↑,
TNFR 1↑,
Fas↑,
NF-kB↓,
IKKα↓,
cycD1↓, SKOV3 Reduction in cyclin D1 level
Bcl-2↓, MCF-7, HCC1937, SK-Br3, 4T1, MDA-MB-231 Decreased Bcl-2 expression, increasedBax expression, inhibition of PI3K-Akt pathway
BAX↑,
PI3K↓,
Akt↓,
E-cadherin↓, MDA-MB-231 Induced the expression of E-cadherin and downregulated vimentin levels, modulation of β-catenin target genes such as cyclin D1 and c-Myc
Vim↓,
β-catenin/ZEB1↓,
cMyc↓,
EMT↓, MCF-7 Suppressed the epithelial–mesenchymal transition process, upregulated E-cadherin expression, downregulated vimentin and MMP-2 expression, decreased Notch1 expression
MMP2↓,
NOTCH1↓,
MMP7↓, PANC-1, PATU-8988 Decreased the secretion of MMP and MMP7, blocked the STAT3 signaling pathway
angioG↓, PC-3, HUVECs Reduced angiogenesis, increased TSP-1 protein and mrna expression
TSP-1↑,
CSCs↓, PC-3 and LNCaP cells Activated capase-3/7 and inhibit the expression of Bcl-2, surviving and XIAP in CSCs.
XIAP↓,
Snail↓, inhibiting the expression of vimentin, slug, snail and nuclear β-catenin, and the activity of LEF-1/TCF responsive reporter
Slug↓,
LEF1↓,
P-gp↓, MCF-7 and MCF-7/dox cell lines Downregulation of P-gp expression
EGFR↓, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells Suppressed EGFR signaling and inhibited PI3K/Akt/mTOR/GSK-3β
GSK‐3β↓,
mTOR↓,
RAGE↓, IA Paca-2, BxPC3, AsPC-1, HPAC and PANC1 Silencing RAGE expression
HSP27↓, Breast cancer In vivo NOD/SCID mice Inhibited the overexpression of Hsp27
VEGF↓, QC significantly reversed an elevation in profibrotic markers (VEGF, IL-6, TGF, COL-1, and COL-3)
TGF-β↓,
COL1↓,
COL3A1↓,

3368- QC,    The potential anti-cancer effects of quercetin on blood, prostate and lung cancers: An update
- Review, Var, NA
*Inflam↓, quercetin is known for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer properties.
*antiOx↑,
*AntiCan↑,
Casp3↓, Quercetin increases apoptosis and autophagy in cancer by activating caspase-3, inhibiting the phosphorylation of Akt, mTOR, and ERK, lessening β-catenin, and stabilizing the stabilization of HIF-1α.
p‑Akt↓,
p‑mTOR↓,
p‑ERK↓,
β-catenin/ZEB1↓,
Hif1a↓,
AntiAg↓, Quercetin have revealed an anti-tumor effect by reducing development of blood vessels. I
VEGFR2↓, decrease tumor growth through targeting VEGFR-2-mediated angiogenesis pathway and suppressing the downstream regulatory component AKT in prostate and breast malignancies.
EMT↓, effects of quercetin on inhibition of EMT, angiogenesis, and invasiveness through the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)/VEGFR-2-mediated pathway in breast cancer
EGFR↓,
MMP2↓, MMP2 and MMP9 are two remarkable compounds in metastatic breast cancer (28–30). quercetin on breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231) and showed that after treatment with this flavonoid, the expression of these two proteinases decreased
MMP↓,
TumMeta↓, head and neck (HNSCC), the inhibitory effect of quercetin on the migration of tumor cells has been shown by regulating the expression of MMPs
MMPs↓,
Akt↓, quercetin by inhibiting the Akt activation pathway dependent on Snail, diminishing the expression of N-cadherin, vimentin, and ADAM9 and raising the expression of E-cadherin and proteins
Snail↓,
N-cadherin↓,
Vim↓,
E-cadherin↑,
STAT3↓, inhibiting STAT3 signaling
TGF-β↓, reducing the expression of TGF-β caused by vimentin and N-cadherin, Twist, Snail, and Slug and increasing the expression of E-cadherin in PC-3 cells.
ROS↓, quercetin exerted an anti-proliferative role on HCC cells by lessening intracellular ROS independently of p53 expression
P53↑, increasing the expression of p53 and BAX in hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell lines through the reduction of PKC, PI3K, and cyclooxygenase (COX-2)
BAX↑,
PKCδ↓,
PI3K↓,
COX2↓,
cFLIP↓, quercetin by inhibiting PI3K/AKT/mTOR and STAT3 pathways, decreasing the expression of cellular proteins such as c-FLIP, cyclin D1, and c-Myc, as well as reducing the production of IL-6 and IL-10 cytokines, leads to the death of PEL cells
cycD1↓,
cMyc↓,
IL6↓,
IL10↓,
Cyt‑c↑, In addition, quercetin induced c-cytochrome-dependent apoptosis and caspase-3 almost exclusively in the HSB2 cell line
TumCCA↑, Exposure of K562 cells to quercetin also significantly raised the cells in the G2/M phase, which reached a maximum peak in 24 hours
DNMTs↓, pathway through DNA demethylation activity, histone deacetylase (HDAC) repression, and H3ac and H4ac enrichment
HDAC↓,
ac‑H3↑,
ac‑H4↑,
Diablo↑, SMAC/DIABLO exhibited activation
Casp3↑, enhanced levels of activated caspase 3, cleaved caspase 9, and PARP1
Casp9↑,
PARP1↑,
eff↑, green tea and quercetin as monotherapy caused the reduction of levels of anti-apoptotic proteins, CDK6, CDK2, CYCLIN D/E/A, BCL-2, BCL-XL, and MCL-1 and an increase in expression of BAX.
PTEN↑, Quercetin upregulates the level of PTEN as a tumor suppressor, which inhibits AKT signaling
VEGF↓, Quercetin had anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenesis effects, decreasing VGEF-A, NO, iNOS, and COX-2 levels
NO↓,
iNOS↓,
ChemoSen↑, quercetin and chemotherapy can potentiate their effect on the malignant cell
eff↑, combination with hyperthermia, Shen et al. Quercetin is a method used in cancer treatment by heating, and it was found to reduce Doxorubicin hydrochloride resistance in leukemia cell line K562
eff↑, treatment with ellagic acid, luteolin, and curcumin alone showed excellent anticancer effects.
eff↑, co-treatment with quercetin and curcumin led to a reduction of mitochondrial membrane integrity, promotion of cytochrome C release, and apoptosis induction in CML cells
uPA↓, A-549 cells were shown to have reduced mRNA expressions of urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA), Upar, protein expression of CXCR-4, CXCL-12, SDF-1 when quercetin was applied at 20 and 40 mM/ml by real-time PCR.
CXCR4↓,
CXCL12↓,
CLDN2↓, A-549 cells, indicated that quercetin could reduce mRNA and protein expression of Claudin-2 in A-549 cell lines without involving Akt and ERK1/2,
CDK6↓, CDK6, which supports the growth and viability of various cancer cells, was hampered by the dose-dependent manner of quercetin (IC50 dose of QR for A-549 cells is 52.35 ± 2.44 μM).
MMP9↓, quercetin up-regulated the rates of G1 phase cell cycle and cellular apoptotic in both examined cell lines compared with the control group, while it declined the expressions of the PI3K, AKT, MMP-2, and MMP-9 proteins
TSP-1↑, quercetin increased TSP-1 mRNA and protein expression to inhibit angiogenesis,
Ki-67↓, significant reductions in Ki67 and PCNA proliferation markers and cell survival markers in response to quercetin and/or resveratrol.
PCNA↓,
ROS↑, Also, quercetin effectively causes intracellular ROS production and ER stress
ER Stress↑,

3369- QC,    Pharmacological basis and new insights of quercetin action in respect to its anti-cancer effects
- Review, Pca, NA
FAK↓, Quercetin can inhibit HGF-induced melanoma cell migration by inhibiting the activation of c-Met and its downstream Gabl, FAK and PAK [84]
TumCCA↑, stimulation of cell cycle arrest at the G1 stage
p‑pRB↓, mediated through regulation of p21 CDK inhibitor and suppression of pRb phosphorylation resulting in E2F1 sequestering.
CDK2↑, low dose of quercetin has brought minor DNA injury and Chk2 induction
CycB↓, quercetin has a role in the reduction of cyclin B1 and CDK1 levels,
CDK1↓,
EMT↓, quercetin suppresses epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cell proliferation through modulation of Sonic Hedgehog signaling pathway
PI3K↓, quercetin on other pathways such as PI3K, MAPK and WNT pathways have also been validated in cervical cancer
MAPK↓,
Wnt↓,
ROS↑, colorectal cancer, quercetin has been shown to suppress carcinogenesis through various mechanisms including affecting cell proliferation, production of reactive oxygen species and expression of miR-21
miR-21↑,
Akt↓, Figure 1 anti-cancer mechanisms
NF-kB↓,
FasL↑,
Bak↑,
BAX↑,
Bcl-2↓,
Casp3↓,
Casp9↑,
P53↑,
p38↑,
MAPK↑,
Cyt‑c↑,
PARP↓,
CHOP↑,
ROS↓,
LDH↑,
GRP78/BiP↑,
ERK↑,
MDA↓,
SOD↑,
GSH↑,
NRF2↑,
VEGF↓,
PDGF↓,
EGF↓,
FGF↓,
TNF-α↓,
TGF-β↓,
VEGFR2↓,
EGFR↓,
FGFR1↓,
mTOR↓,
cMyc↓,
MMPs↓,
LC3B-II↑,
Beclin-1↑,
IL1β↓,
CRP↓,
IL10↓,
COX2↓,
IL6↓,
TLR4↓,
Shh↓,
HER2/EBBR2↓,
NOTCH↓,
DR5↑, quercetin has enhanced DR5 expression in prostate cancer cells
HSP70/HSPA5↓, Quercetin has also suppressed the upsurge of hsp70 expression in prostate cancer cells following heat treatment and enhanced the quantity of subG1 cells
CSCs↓, Quercetin could also suppress cancer stem cell attributes and metastatic aptitude of isolated prostate cancer cells through modulating JNK signaling pathway
angioG↓, Quercetin inhibits angiogenesis-mediated of human prostate cancer cells through negatively modulating angiogenic factors (TGF-β, VEGF, PDGF, EGF, bFGF, Ang-1, Ang-2, MMP-2, and MMP-9)
MMP2↓,
MMP9↓,
IGFBP3↑, Quercetin via increasing the level of IGFBP-3 could induce apoptosis in PC-3 cells
uPA↓, Quercetin through decreasing uPA and uPAR expression and suppressing cell survival protein and Ras/Raf signaling molecules could decrease prostate cancer progression
uPAR↓,
RAS↓,
Raf↓,
TSP-1↑, Quercetin through TSP-1 enhancement could effectively inhibit angiogenesis

3372- QC,  FIS,  KaempF,    Anticancer Potential of Selected Flavonols: Fisetin, Kaempferol, and Quercetin on Head and Neck Cancers
- Review, HNSCC, NA
ROCK1↑, quercetin affects the level of RhoA and NF-κB proteins in SAS cells, and stimulates the expression of RhoA, ROCK1, and NF-κB in SAS cells [53].
TumCCA↓, inhibition of the cell cycle;
HSPs↓, inhibition of heat shock proteins;
RAS↓, inhibition of Ras protein expression.
ROS↑, fisetin induces production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), increases Ca2+ release, and decreases the mitochondrial membrane potential (Ψm) in head and neck neoplastic cells.
Ca+2↑,
MMP↓,
Cyt‑c↑, quercetin increases the expression level of cytochrome c, apoptosis inducing factor and endonuclease G
Endon↑,
MMP9↓, quercetin inhibits MMP-9 and MMP-2 expression and reduces levels of the following proteins: MMP-2, -7, -9 [49,53] and -10
MMP2↓,
MMP7↓,
MMP-10↓,
VEGF↓, as well as VEGF, NF-κB p65, iNOS, COX-2, and uPA, PI3K, IKB-α, IKB-α/β, p-IKKα/β, FAK, SOS1, GRB2, MEKK3 and MEKK7, ERK1/2, p-ERK1/2, JNK1/2, p38, p-p38, c-JUN, and pc-JUN
NF-kB↓,
p65↓,
iNOS↓,
COX2↓,
uPA↓,
PI3K↓,
FAK↓,
MEK↓,
ERK↓,
JNK↓,
p38↓,
cJun↓,
FOXO3↑, Quercetin causes an increase in the level of FOXO1 protein both in a dose- and time-dependent way; however, it does not affect changes in expression of FOXO3a

3378- QC,    CK2 and PI3K are direct molecular targets of quercetin in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia
- in-vitro, AML, NA
CK2↓, We demonstrated that the activity of protein kinase CK2, which positively triggers PI3K/Akt pathway by inactivating PTEN phosphatase, is inhibited by quercetin
PI3K↓, The combined inhibition of CK2 and PI3K kinase activities by quercetin restored ABT-737 sensitivity and increased lethality in human leukemia cells.
TumCD↑,
Akt↓, Quercetin inhibits the PI3K-Akt-Mcl-1 pathway
Mcl-1↓,
PTEN↑, Inhibition of CK2 can rescue PTEN activity increasing apoptosis in CLL

3341- QC,    Antioxidant Activities of Quercetin and Its Complexes for Medicinal Application
- Review, Var, NA - Review, Stroke, NA
*antiOx↑, we highlight the recent advances in the antioxidant activities, chemical research, and medicinal application of quercetin.
*BioAv↑, Moreover, owing to its high solubility and bioavailability,
*GSH↑, Animal and cell studies found that quercetin induces GSH synthesis
*AChE↓, In this way, it has a stronger inhibitory effect against key enzymes acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), which are associated with oxidative properties
*BChE↓,
*H2O2↓, Quercetin has been shown to alleviate the decline of manganese-induced antioxidant enzyme activity, the increase of AChE activity, hydrogen peroxide generation, and lipid peroxidation levels in rats, thereby preventing manganese poisoning
*lipid-P↓,
*SOD↑, quercetin significantly enhanced the expression levels of endogenous antioxidant enzymes such as Cu/Zn SOD, Mn SOD, catalase (CAT), and GSH peroxidase in the hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons of animals suffering from ischemic injury.
*SOD2↑,
*Catalase↑,
*GPx↑,
*neuroP↑, Thus, quercetin may be a potential neuroprotective agent for transient ischemia
*HO-1↑, quercetin can promote fracture healing in smokers by removing free radicals and upregulating the expression of heme-oxygenase- (HO-) 1 and superoxide-dismutase- (SOD-) 1, which protects primary human osteoblasts exposed to cigarette smoke
*cardioP↑, Quercetin has also been shown to prevent heart damage by clearing oxygen-free radicals caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endotoxemia.
*MDA↓, quercetin treatment increased the levels of SOD and CAT and reduced the level of MDA after LPS induction, suggesting that quercetin enhanced the antioxidant defense system
*NF-kB↓, quercetin promotes disease recovery by downregulating the expression of NIK and NF-κB including IKK and RelB, and upregulating the expression of TRAF3.
*IKKα↓,
*ROS↓, quercetin controls the development of atherosclerosis induced by a high-fructose diet by inhibiting ROS and enhancing PI3K/AKT.
*PI3K↑,
*Akt↑,
*hepatoP↑, Quercetin exerts antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects against acute liver injury in mice induced by tertiary butyl hydrogen peroxide. T
P53↑, Quercetin prevents cancer development by upregulating p53, which is the most common inactivated tumor suppressor. It also increases the expression of BAX, a downstream target of p53 and a key pro-apoptotic gene in HepG2 cells
BAX↑,
IGF-1R↓, Studies have found that insulin-like growth factor receptor 1 (IGFIR), AKT, androgen receptor (AR), and cell proliferation and anti-apoptotic proteins are increased in cancer, but quercetin supplementation normalizes their expression
Akt↓,
AR↓,
TumCP↓,
GSH↑, Moreover, quercetin significantly increases antioxidant enzyme levels, including GSH, SOD, and CAT, and inhibits lipid peroxides, thereby preventing skin cancer induced by 7,12-dimethyl Benz
SOD↑,
Catalase↑,
lipid-P↓,
*TNF-α↓, Heart: increases TNF-α, and prevents Ca2+ overload-induced myocardial cell injury
*Ca+2↓,

3338- QC,    Quercetin: Its Antioxidant Mechanism, Antibacterial Properties and Potential Application in Prevention and Control of Toxipathy
- Review, Var, NA - Review, Stroke, NA
*antiOx↑, The antioxidant mechanism of quercetin in vivo is mainly reflected in its effects on glutathione (GSH), signal transduction pathways, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and enzyme activities.
*GSH↑,
*ROS↓,
*Dose↑, antioxidant properties of quercetin show a concentration dependence in the low dose range but too much of the antioxidant brings about the opposite result
*NADPH↓, quercetin counteracts atherosclerosis by reversing the increased expression of NADPH oxidase i
*AMP↓, decreases in activation of AMP-activated protein kinase, thereby inhibiting NF-κB signaling
*NF-kB↓,
*p38↑, quercetin improves the antioxidant capacity of cells by activating the intracellular p38 MAPK pathway, increasing intracellular GSH levels and providing a source of hydrogen donors in the scavenging of free radical reactions.
*MAPK↑,
*SOD↑, quercetin achieves protection against acute spinal cord injury by up-regulating the activity of SOD, down-regulating the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), and inhibiting the p38MAPK/iNOS signaling pathway
*MDA↓,
*iNOS↓,
*Catalase↑, quercetin reduces imiquimod (IMQ)-induced MDA levels in skin tissues and enhances catalase, SOD, and GSH activities, which together improve the antioxidant properties of the body
*PI3K↑, It also controls the development of atherosclerosis induced by high fructose diet by enhancing PI3K/AKT and inhibiting ROS
*Akt↑,
*lipid-P↓, Quercetin enhances antioxidant activity and inhibits lipid cultivation, and it is effective in the treatment of oxidative liver damag
*memory↑, reversed hypoxia-induced memory impairment
*radioP↑, Quercetin protects cells from radiation and genotoxicity-induced damage by increasing endogenous antioxidant and scavenging free radical levels
*neuroP↑, This suggests that quercetin may be a potential neuroprotective agent against ischemia, which protects CA1 vertebral neurons from I/R injury in the hippocampal region of animals
*MDA↓, quercetin significantly reduced MDA levels and increased SOD and catalase levels.

3354- QC,    Quercetin: Its Main Pharmacological Activity and Potential Application in Clinical Medicine
- Review, Var, NA
*ROS↓, quercetin is the most effective free radical scavenger in the flavonoid family
*IronCh↓, Chelating metal ions: related studies have confirmed that quercetin can induce Cu2+ and Fe2+ to play an antioxidant role through catechol in its structure.
*lipid-P↓, quercetin could inhibit Fe2+-induced lipid peroxidation by binding Fe2+ a
*GSH↑, regulation of glutathione levels to enhance antioxidant capacity.
*NRF2↑, quercetin upregulates the expression of Nrf2 and nuclear transfer by activating the intracellular p38 MAPK pathway, increasing the level of intracellular GSH
TumCCA↑, human leukaemia U937 cells, quercetin induces cell cycle arrest at G2 (late DNA synthesis phase)
ER Stress↑, quercetin can induce ER stress and promote the release of p53, thereby inhibiting the activities of CDK2, cyclin A, and cyclin B, thereby causing MCF-7 breast cancer cells to stagnate in the S phase.
P53↑,
CDK2↓,
cycA1↓,
CycB↓,
cycE↓, downregulation of cyclins E and D, PNCA, and Cdk-2 protein expression and increased expressions of p21 and p27
cycD1↓,
PCNA↓,
P21↑,
p27↑,
PI3K↓, quercetin inhibited the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and STAT3 pathways in PEL, which downregulated the expression of survival cell proteins such as c-FLIP, cyclin D1, and cMyc.
Akt↓,
mTOR↓,
STAT3↓, in excess of 20 μM by inhibiting STAT3 signalling
cFLIP↓,
cMyc↓,
survivin↓, Lung cancer [27] ↓ Survivin ↑DR5
DR5↓,
*Inflam↓, Quercetin has been confirmed to be a long-acting anti-inflammatory substance in flavonoids
*IL6↓, inhibit IL-8 is stronger and can inhibit IL-6 and increase cytosolic calcium levels
*IL8↓,
COX2↓, inhibit the enzymes that produce inflammation (cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipoxygenase (LOX))
5LO↓,
*cardioP↑, The protective mechanism of quercetin on the cardiovascular system
*FASN↓, 25 μM, within 30 minutes could inhibit the synthesis of fatty acids.
*AntiAg↑, quercetin helps reduce lipid peroxidation, platelet aggregation, and capillary permeability
*MDA↓, quercetin can decrease the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA)

61- QC,    Midkine downregulation increases the efficacy of quercetin on prostate cancer stem cell survival and migration through PI3K/AKT and MAPK/ERK pathway
- in-vitro, Pca, PC3 - in-vitro, Pca, LNCaP - in-vitro, Pca, ARPE-19
p‑PI3K↓, combined therapy inhibited the phosphorylation of PI3K, AKT and ERK1/2, and reduced the protein expression of p38, ABCG2 and NF-κB.
p‑Akt↓,
p‑ERK↓,
NF-kB↓,
p38↓,
ABCG2↓,

63- QC,    Quercetin facilitates cell death and chemosensitivity through RAGE/PI3K/AKT/mTOR axis in human pancreatic cancer cells
- in-vitro, Pca, NA
RAGE↓, Silencing RAGE expression by suppressing the PI3K/AKT/mTOR axis
PI3K↓,
mTOR↓,
Akt↓,
Apoptosis↑,
TumAuto↑,

66- QC,    Emerging impact of quercetin in the treatment of prostate cancer
- in-vitro, Pca, NA
CycB↓,
CDK1↓,
EMT↓,
PI3K↓,
MAPK↓,
Wnt/(β-catenin)↓, wnt
PSA↓,
VEGF↓,
PARP↑,
Casp3↑,
Casp9↑,
DR5↑,
ROS⇅,
Shh↓,
P53↑,
P21↑,
EGFR↓,

98- QC,    Quercetin postconditioning attenuates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats through the PI3K/Akt pathway
- in-vivo, Stroke, NA
*Bcl-2↑,
*BAX↓,
*Bax:Bcl2↓, Que postconditioning significantly decreased Bax expression and increased Bcl-2 expression
*cardioP↑, cardioprotection by activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and modulating the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins.
*Akt↑,
*PI3K↑,
*LDH↓, Que postconditioning reduced the levels of CK (1642.9±194.3 vs 2679.5±194.3 U/L, P<0.05) and LDH (1273.6±176.5 vs 2618±197.7 U/L, P<0.05) compared to the I/R group

86- QC,    Quercetin regulates insulin like growth factor signaling and induces intrinsic and extrinsic pathway mediated apoptosis in androgen independent prostate cancer cells (PC-3)
- in-vitro, Pca, PC3
BAD↑,
IGFBP3↑,
Cyt‑c↑, Quercetin significantly increases the proapoptotic mRNA levels of Bad, IGFBP-3 and protein levels of Bad, cytochrome C, cleaved caspase-9, caspase-10, cleaved PARP and caspase-3 activity in PC-3 cells
cl‑Casp9↑, cleaved
Casp10↑,
cl‑PARP↑, cleaved
Casp3↑,
IGF-1R↓,
PI3K↓,
p‑Akt↓,
cycD1↓, protein
IGF-1↓, mRNA levels of IGF-1,IGR-2, IGF-1R
IGF-2↓,
IGF-1R↓,


* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 14

Results for Effect on Cancer/Diseased Cells:
5LO↓,1,   ABCG2↓,1,   Akt↓,8,   p‑Akt↓,3,   angioG↓,2,   AntiAg↓,1,   Apoptosis↑,3,   AR↓,1,   BAD↑,1,   Bak↑,1,   BAX↑,4,   Bcl-2↓,2,   Beclin-1↑,1,   Ca+2↑,1,   Ca+2↝,1,   Casp10↑,2,   Casp3↓,2,   Casp3↑,4,   Casp8↑,1,   Casp9↑,4,   cl‑Casp9↑,1,   Catalase↑,1,   CDK1↓,2,   CDK2↓,1,   CDK2↑,1,   CDK6↓,1,   cFLIP↓,3,   ChemoSen↑,1,   CHOP↑,2,   cJun↓,1,   CK2↓,1,   CLDN2↓,1,   cMyc↓,5,   COL1↓,1,   COL3A1↓,1,   COX2↓,6,   CRP↓,2,   CSCs↓,2,   CXCL12↓,1,   CXCR4↓,1,   cycA1↓,1,   CycB↓,3,   cycD1↓,5,   cycE↓,1,   Cyt‑c↑,4,   DFF45↑,1,   Diablo↑,1,   DNMTs↓,1,   DR5↓,1,   DR5↑,3,   E-cadherin↓,1,   E-cadherin↑,1,   eff↑,4,   EGF↓,1,   EGFR↓,4,   EMT↓,4,   Endon↑,1,   ER Stress↑,3,   ERK↓,1,   ERK↑,1,   p‑ERK↓,2,   FAK↓,2,   Fas↑,1,   FasL↑,1,   FGF↓,1,   FGFR1↓,1,   FOXO3↑,1,   GRP78/BiP↑,2,   GSH↓,1,   GSH↑,2,   GSK‐3β↓,1,   ac‑H3↑,1,   ac‑H4↑,1,   HDAC↓,1,   HER2/EBBR2↓,1,   Hif1a↓,1,   HO-1↑,1,   HSP27↓,1,   HSP70/HSPA5↓,1,   HSPs↓,1,   IFN-γ↓,1,   IGF-1↓,1,   IGF-1R↓,3,   IGF-2↓,1,   IGFBP3↑,2,   IKKα↓,1,   IL10↓,3,   IL1β↓,1,   IL6↓,4,   IL8↓,1,   Inflam↓,1,   iNOS↓,3,   JNK↓,1,   Ki-67↓,1,   LC3B-II↑,1,   LDH↑,1,   LEF1↓,1,   lipid-P↓,1,   MAPK↓,2,   MAPK↑,1,   Mcl-1↓,1,   MDA↓,1,   MEK↓,1,   miR-21↑,1,   MMP↓,3,   MMP-10↓,1,   MMP2↓,4,   MMP7↓,2,   MMP9↓,3,   MMPs↓,3,   mTOR↓,5,   p‑mTOR↓,1,   N-cadherin↓,1,   NF-kB↓,4,   NO↓,1,   NOTCH↓,1,   NOTCH1↓,1,   NRF2↑,1,   other↓,1,   P-gp↓,1,   P21↑,2,   p27↑,1,   p38↓,2,   p38↑,1,   P450↓,1,   P53↑,6,   p65↓,1,   PARP↓,1,   PARP↑,1,   cl‑PARP↑,2,   PARP1↑,1,   PCNA↓,2,   PDGF↓,1,   PI3K↓,10,   p‑PI3K↓,1,   PKCδ↓,1,   p‑pRB↓,1,   PSA↓,1,   PTEN↑,2,   Raf↓,1,   RAGE↓,2,   RAS↓,2,   ROCK1↑,1,   ROS↓,2,   ROS↑,4,   ROS⇅,1,   Shh↓,2,   Slug↓,1,   Snail↓,2,   SOD↑,2,   Sp1/3/4↓,1,   STAT3↓,3,   p‑STAT3↓,1,   survivin↓,2,   TGF-β↓,3,   TLR4↓,1,   TNF-α↓,2,   TNFR 1↑,1,   TRAILR↑,1,   TSP-1↑,3,   TumAuto↑,1,   TumCCA↓,1,   TumCCA↑,4,   TumCD↑,1,   TumCP↓,1,   TumMeta↓,1,   uPA↓,3,   uPAR↓,1,   VEGF↓,5,   VEGFR2↓,2,   Vim↓,2,   Wnt↓,1,   Wnt/(β-catenin)↓,1,   XIAP↓,1,   β-catenin/ZEB1↓,2,  
Total Targets: 175

Results for Effect on Normal Cells:
AChE↓,1,   Akt↑,3,   AMP↓,1,   AntiAg↑,1,   AntiCan↑,1,   antiOx↑,3,   BAX↓,1,   Bax:Bcl2↓,1,   BChE↓,1,   Bcl-2↑,1,   BioAv↑,1,   Ca+2↓,1,   cardioP↑,3,   Catalase↑,2,   Dose↑,1,   FASN↓,1,   GPx↑,1,   GSH↑,3,   H2O2↓,1,   hepatoP↑,1,   HO-1↑,1,   IKKα↓,1,   IL6↓,1,   IL8↓,1,   Inflam↓,2,   iNOS↓,1,   IronCh↓,1,   LDH↓,1,   lipid-P↓,3,   MAPK↑,1,   MDA↓,4,   memory↑,1,   NADPH↓,1,   neuroP↑,2,   NF-kB↓,2,   NRF2↑,2,   p38↑,1,   PI3K↑,3,   radioP↑,1,   ROS↓,4,   SOD↑,2,   SOD2↑,1,   TNF-α↓,1,  
Total Targets: 43

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: PI3K, Phosphatidylinositide-3-Kinases
14 Quercetin
1 Fisetin
1 Kaempferol
Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:%  prod#:140  Target#:252  State#:%  Dir#:%
  wNotes=on  sortOrder:rid,rpid

 

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